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Flora of Qatar

Plant families

Species of plants listed by family

I. Ephedraceae    Horsetail Family 

1. Ephedra foliata Boiss. ex C.A.Mey.

(Ephedra aitchisonii, Ephedra alte, Ephedra asparagoides, Ephedra ciliata, Ephedra kokanica, Ephedra peduncularis, Ephedra polylepis, Ephedra rollandii)

Common names: alanda, Shrubby Horsetail

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ephedra foliata, with the common name shrubby horsetail, is a species of Ephedra.

LinkCones of Shrubby Horsetail (Ephedra foliata, Ephedra ciliata, local name alanda) on roadside of a road to Zubara, north-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkShrubby Horsetail (Ephedra foliata, Ephedra ciliata, local name alanda) growing on bushes of Ziziphus nummularia on roadside of a road to Zubara, north-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkShrubby Horsetail (Ephedra foliata, Ephedra ciliata, local name alanda) growing on bushes of Ziziphus nummularia on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkShrubby Horsetail (Ephedra foliata, Ephedra ciliata, local name alanda) taken from Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkShrubby Horsetail (Ephedra foliata, Ephedra ciliata, local name alanda) with flowers in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkFruits of shrubby horsetail (Ephedra foliata, Ephedra ciliata, local name alanda) taken from Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 26, 2016

II. Acanthaceae    Acanthus Family 

1. Avicennia marina marina (Forsskál) Vierhapper

(Avicennia alba, Avicennia elliptica, Avicennia lanata, Avicennia obovata, Avicennia oepata, Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia spicata, Bontia germinans, Halodendron thouarsii, Racka ovata, Racka torrida, Sceura marina)

Common names: garam, Grey mangrove, qurm, shoura, shourah

Extract from Wikipedia article: Avicennia marina, commonly known as grey mangrove or white mangrove, is a species of mangrove tree classified in the plant family Acanthaceae (formerly in the Verbenaceae or Avicenniaceae). As with other mangroves, it occurs in the intertidal zones of estuarine areas.

LinkGrey mangroves (Avicennia marina, qurm, shourah) surrounded by aerial roots (pneumatophores) at low tide in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 19, 2010
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 25, 2011
LinkAerial roots (pneumatophores) of mangrove (Avicennia marina) at low tide at northern tip of Qatar, March 24, 2012
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) at low tide at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) in Al Aaliya Island (Jazirat al Aliyah). Qatar, March 27, 2013
LinkMangroves (Avicennia marina) with aerial roots (pneumatophores) in salt marsh near Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais. Qatar, April 12, 2013
LinkAerial roots (pneumatophores) of mangroves (Avicennia marina) in salt marsh near Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais. Qatar, April 12, 2013
LinkFlowers of mangrove (Avicennia marina) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkMangrove (Avicennia marina) with fruits near village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais on northwest coast. Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkFruits of mangrove (Avicennia marina) near village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais on northwest coast. Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkTwig of mangrove (Avicennia marina) with fruits taken from a site west of Ruwais on northwest coast. Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkDissected seeds of mangrove (Avicennia marina) with fruits taken from a site west of Ruwais on northwest coast. Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkDissected half of a seed of mangrove (Avicennia marina) with fruits taken from a site west of Ruwais on northwest coast. Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkCut halves of a seed of mangrove (Avicennia marina) with fruits taken from a site west of Ruwais on northwest coast. Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkGerminated seed of mangrove (Avicennia marina) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkGerminating seed of mangrove (Avicennia marina) taken from Al Khor. Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkHalf dead mangrove forest (Avicennia marina) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkSeedling of mangrove (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 8, 2014
LinkMangrove trees (Avicennia marina) in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) near tidal river in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) north from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkFlower of mangrove (Avicennia marina) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkDead mangrove trees (Avicennia marina) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkMangroves trees (Avicennia marina) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkAerial roots (pneumatophores) of mangroves (Avicennia marina) exposed at low tide near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkClose up of aerial roots (pneumatophores) of mangroves (Avicennia marina) exposed at low tide near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkFlowers of mangroves (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) at sunrise on northern tip of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkMangrove trees (Avicennia marina) near northern cliffs of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkAerial roots (pneumatophores) of mangroves (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkBlooming mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) in salt marsh near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkFlowers of mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) on white background near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkFlowers of mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) on dark background near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkAerial roots (pneumatophores) of mangroves (Avicennia marina) Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkAerial roots (pneumatophores) of mangroves (Avicennia marina) on littoral of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkBlooming bush of mangroves (Avicennia marina) on littoral of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) surrounded by aerial roots (pneumatophores) at low tide near a fishing village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkLine of aerial roots (pneumatophores) of a mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) at low tide near a fishing village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkGrey mangroves (Avicennia marina) surrounded by aerial roots (pneumatophores) at low tide near a fishing village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkDead mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) near a fishing village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkLeathery fruits of mangrove (Avicennia marina) washed out on a beach of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, August 29, 2015
LinkMangrove (Avicennia marina) with fruits on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, August 29, 2015
LinkMasses of dry flower buds of mangrove (Avicennia marina)(?) on littoral of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, August 29, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) in salt marsh, view from causeway of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) in salt marshes, view to the south from a hill on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) in salt marsh on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkFresh leaves and shoots of mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove trees (Avicennia marina) at low tide south from Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove trees (Avicennia marina) in salt marsh at low tide Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) in salt marsh at low tide Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) at sunrise on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkLower side of leaves of a mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) with aerial roots (pneumatophores) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) in a marsh at sunrise on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkSalt marsh with a mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) at sunrise on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkTree trunks of mangrove (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) in fog on west side of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) in fog on west side of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) with aerial roots (pneumatophores) on west side of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove tree skeletons (Avicennia marina) in shallow water near northern cliffs of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) in shallow water near northern cliffs of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkGroup of mangrove trees (Avicennia marina) in shallow water near northern cliffs of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) on north side of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) near northern tip of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkLush mangrove forest (Avicennia marina) on north side of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkTall mangrove trees (Avicennia marina) on north side of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkBlooming mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkMangrove tree (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkMangrove (Avicennia marina) with aerial roots (pneumatophores) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkMangrove forest (Avicennia marina) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkMangrove (Avicennia marina) with aerial roots (pneumatophores) at low tide on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkMangrove (Avicennia marina) with flowers on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkMangrove (Avicennia marina) with saplings emerging from aerial roots on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkDry mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) on salt marsh in Luwaima and Ras Al Qawar north from Al Thakhira. Qatar, June 18, 2016

2. Blepharis ciliaris (L.) B. L. Burtt

(Acanthodium delilii, Acanthodium spicatum, Acanthus delilei, Acanthus edulis, Acanthus pectinatus, Acanthus tetragonus, Blepharis edulis, Blepharis hirta, Blepharis obovata, Ruellia ciliaris)

Common names: begheil, Blepharis persica, Eyelash Plant, nejayae, nejaye, niqeyl, shawk al-Dhub, shouk al dab

LinkEyelash Plant (Blepharis ciliaris, Blepharis persica, Ruellia ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkEyelash Plant (Blepharis ciliaris, Blepharis persica, Ruellia ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) with blue flowers near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkLilac and white veined flower of Eyelash Plant (Blepharis ciliaris, Blepharis persica, Ruellia ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkEyelash Plant (Blepharis ciliaris, Blepharis persica, Ruellia ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkEyelash Plant (Blepharis ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) in oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkWinter rosette of leaves of Eyelash Plant (Blepharis ciliaris) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkShoot of Eyelash Plant (Blepharis ciliaris) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkEyelash Plant (Blepharis ciliaris) with flowers on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkEyelash plant (Blepharis ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) on a roadside of a road to Al Numan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkDry Eyelash plant (Blepharis ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) on a roadside of a road to Al Numan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkEyelash plant (Blepharis ciliaris) on roadside at the entrance of Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkEyelash plant (Blepharis ciliaris) with flowers on roadside at the entrance of Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkDry eyelash plant (Blepharis ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) in Jaow Al Hamar depression south from Trainah. Southern Qatar, November 6, 2015
LinkEyelash plant (Blepharis ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) with a flower in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkBlooming eyelash plant (Blepharis ciliaris, local names nejayae, shouk al dab) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkSeedling of eyelash plant (Blepharis ciliaris) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015

3. Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (Seem.) Guill.

(Eranthemum carruthersii, Eranthemum moorei, Eranthemum nigrescens, Eranthemum nigrum, Eranthemum pacificum, Eranthemum whartonianum, Pseuderanthemum kewense, Pseuderanthemum maius, Pseuderanthemum pacificum, Siphoneranthemum moorei)

Common names: Carruthers falseface

My notes: Grows only in parks as planted bushes.

Extract from Wikipedia article: The Carruthers' falseface, (Pseuderanthemum carruthersii), is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae family. It is endemic to Asia.

LinkWhite flowers with pink specks of Carruthers falseface (Pseuderanthemum carruthersii or may be reticulatum) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, April 3, 2015
LinkWhite flowers with pink specks of Carruthers falseface (Pseuderanthemum carruthersii or may be reticulatum) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016

4. Ruellia prostrata Poir.

(Barleria sudanica, Dipteracanthus dejecta, Dipteracanthus flaviflorus, Dipteracanthus genduanus, Dipteracanthus prostratus, Dipteracanthus richardianus, Ruellia deccanensis, Ruellia genduana, Ruellia methia, Ruellia nubica, Ruellia otaviensis, Ruellia pallida, Ruellia patula, Ruellia ringens, Ruellia wightiana)

Common names: bell weed

My notes: Grows on lawns as a weed.

LinkBlooming bell weed (Ruellia prostrata) in a mat of trimmed Sesuvium plants on a lawn at Al Bidda Street near crossing with Al Adaid in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2015
LinkBell weed (Ruellia prostrata) taken from Al Bidda Street near crossing with Al Adaid in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2015
LinkSide view of a flower of bell weed (Ruellia prostrata) taken from Al Bidda Street near crossing with Al Adaid in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2015
LinkBell weed (Ruellia prostrata) on dark background taken from Al Bidda Street near crossing with Al Adaid in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2015
LinkFlowers of bell weed (Ruellia prostrata) taken from Al Bidda Street near crossing with Al Adaid in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2015
LinkFlowers of bell weed (Ruellia prostrata) on white background taken from Al Bidda Street near crossing with Al Adaid in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2015
LinkBell weed (Ruellia prostrata) growing among kalanchoe like succulent plants of spurflower (Plectranthus) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkFlower of bell weed (Ruellia prostrata) growing among kalanchoe like succulent plants in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBell weed (Ruellia prostrata) growing among kalanchoe like succulent plants in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2015
LinkBell weed (Ruellia prostrata) under palm trees in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015

5. Ruellia simplex Wright

(Arrhostoxylum microphyllum, Cryphiacanthus angustifolius, Ruellia angustifolia, Ruellia brittoniana, Ruellia coerulea, Ruellia ignorantiae, Ruellia longipes, Ruellia microphylla, Ruellia spectabilis, Ruellia tweediana, Ruellia tweedieana)

Common names: Brittons wild petunia, Mexican bluebell, Mexican petunia

My notes: Ornamental plant.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ruellia simplex (Britton's wild petunia, Mexican petunia, Mexican bluebell) is a species of flowering plant in the acanthus family, Acanthaceae. It is a native of Mexico, the Caribbean, and South America. It has become a widespread invasive plant in Florida, where it was likely introduced as an ornamental before 1933.

LinkMexican petunia (Ruellia simplex, Ruellia brittoniana) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkFlower of Mexican petunia (Ruellia simplex, Ruellia brittoniana) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkBack lit flower of Mexican petunia (Ruellia simplex, Ruellia brittoniana) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkMexican petunia (Ruellia simplex, Ruellia brittoniana) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015

III. Aizoaceae    Fig-marigold Family 

1. Aizoanthemum hispanicum (L.) Hartmann

(Aizoon hispanicum, Aizoon sessiliflorum)

Common names: jafnah, thummam

LinkForking stems of Aizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) near a road to Zubara in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkAizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) near a road to Zubara in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkCaterpillar feeding on Aizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFlower of Aizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFlower of Aizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) with approaching caterpillar near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkCaterpillar munching Aizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) with fruits in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) among Spergula near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) with flower and seeds near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) on a roadside east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkFlower of Aizoon hispanicum (Aizoanthemum hispanicum, local name jafna) on a roadside east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016

2. Aizoon canariense L.

(Aizoon procumbens, Aizoon spathulatum, Glinus chrystallinus, Glinus procumbens, Veslingia caulifloris, Veslingia heisteri)

Common names: hadaq, jafnah, purslane-leaved aizoon

My notes: Was almost absent in spring and summer of 2015, probably because of dry weather.

LinkBrown pentagonal stellate prostrate, depressed centrally fruits of a desert plant Aizoon canariense (local name Jafna). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkStar shaped prostrate yellow flowers of a desert plant Aizoon canariense (local name Jafna). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on a hill north-west from oil tank farm in Haloul Island (Jazirat Halul). Qatar, April 19, 2013
LinkShoot of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on a hill north-west from oil tank installation in Haloul Island (Jazirat Halul). Qatar, April 19, 2013
LinkShoot of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) with flowers and ovaries on a hill north-west from oil tank installation in Haloul Island (Jazirat Halul). Qatar, April 19, 2013
LinkEmerging seeds of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on a hill north-west from oil tank installation in Haloul Island (Jazirat Halul). Qatar, April 19, 2013
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) near Sawda Natheel Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkStarfish shaped desert plant of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) near Sawda Natheel Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) with fruits near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkMat-forming prostrate desert plant Aizoon canariense near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSeedling of a desert plant Aizoon canariense near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkYellow desert plant Aizoon canariense near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkYellow desert plant Aizoon canariense with fruits near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant Aizoon canariense (local name jafna) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkShoot of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in a roadside depression of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in a roadside depression of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert plant purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) growing on rocks near a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkClose up of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on Al Muhandiseen Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on sidewalk of Al Muhandiseen Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) plant grown on sidewalk of Al Muhandiseen Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkDry last year fruits of Purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) taken from a roadside of a road to Zubara. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkFresh leaves of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) taken from extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2015
LinkLeaves of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) taken from extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2015
LinkPurslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkStarfish shaped plant of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkLarge mats of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkDense mat of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway near Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkSeedling of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBlooming purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBlooming seedling of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkSeedlings of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkYoung plant of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) with a flower in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkStar shaped plant of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkDry plant of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkMat of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkStar-shaped plant of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkPlant of purslane-leaved aizoon (Aizoon canariense) partially covered by sand on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

3. Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum Hook. f.

(Aizoon theurkauffii, Hydrodea bossiana, Hydrodea hampdenii, Hydrodea sarcocalycantha, Mesembryanthemum dactylinum, Mesembryanthemum forsskalii, Mesembryanthemum gaussenii, Mesembryanthemum sarcocalycanthum, Mesembryanthemum theurkauffii, Opophyton forsskalii, Opophytum cryptanthum, Opophytum dactylinum, Opophytum gaussenii, Opophytum theurkauffii)

Common names: Forskal fig marigold, ghasoul, samah

LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum, (Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) covered by sand in area of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum, (Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) in sand on a roadside near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum, (Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) on a roadside near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum, (Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) in sandy roadside near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum, (Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum, (Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) on rocks on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum and nodiflorum on rocks on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum, (Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum growing among Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkClose up of Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkSeedling of Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum (Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) in windblown sand on a roadside of Umm Bab road. South-western Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSucculent plant of Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum (Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) in windblown sand on a roadside of Umm Bab road. South-western Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkBlooming ice plant (Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum, Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkSmall ice plant (Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum, Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) with a flower on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkIce plant (Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum and M. nodiflorum) seedlings on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkTwo small ice plants (Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum, Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkSmall ice plant (Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum, Mesembryanthemum forskahlii, Mesembryanthemum forsskaolii, Opophytum forsskaolii, local name ghasoul) in bloom on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkIce plants (Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum and M. nodiflorum) growing together on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkIce plant (Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum and M. nodiflorum) with flower buds on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkSeedlings of ice plant (Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum and M. nodiflorum) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum with seeds on rocks on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkMesembryanthemum cryptanthum with dry flowers on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016

4. Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum L.

(Cryophytum cleistum, Cryophytum gibbosum, Cryophytum nodiflorum, Cryophytum rogersii, Gasoul nodiflorum, Mesembryanthemum caducum, Mesembryanthemum copticum, Mesembryanthemum inornatum, Mesembryanthemum paucandrum, Psilocaulon caducum, Stigmatocarpon caducum, Stigmatocarpum copticum)

Common names: Egyptian Fig Marigold, ghasoul, hurr, slenderleaf ice plant

Extract from Wikipedia article: Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum is a species of succulent plant in the ice plant family known by the common name slenderleaf ice plant. It is native to southern Africa, but it is known in many other places as an introduced species and sometimes an invasive weed, including several regions of Australia, parts of the western United States and adjacent Mexico, and some Atlantic islands. This is a usually annual herb forming a mostly prostrate clump or mat of stems up to about 20 centimeters in maximum length. The small stem branches are lined with knob-like cylindrical fleshy leaves up to 2 centimeters long. The herbage is green to bright red and visibly bumpy with shiny, bubble-like papillae. Flowers are solitary or borne in loose clusters. Each is about half a centimeter wide with many narrow to thready white or pale yellow petals. The fruit is a capsule which opens when it becomes wet, releasing seeds.

LinkWhite flower of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum, local name Ghasoul) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 1, 2010
LinkBlooming Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 1, 2010
LinkEgyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum, local name Ghasoul) in dunes of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkSmall flower of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum, local name Ghasoul) in sands of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkProstrate clump (mat) of stems of slenderleaf iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) on a hill north-west from oil tank installation in Haloul Island (Jazirat Halul). Qatar, April 19, 2013
LinkMats of slenderleaf iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) among rocks on a hill north-west from oil tank installation in Haloul Island (Jazirat Halul). Qatar, April 19, 2013
LinkReddish mats of slenderleaf iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) on a hill north-west from oil tank installation in Haloul Island (Jazirat Halul). Qatar, April 19, 2013
LinkKnob-like cylindrical fleshy leaves of slenderleaf iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) on a hill north-west from oil tank installation in Haloul Island (Jazirat Halul). Qatar, April 19, 2013
LinkEgyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkSmall plant of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkBlooming Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkMany-flowered Horseshoe Vetch (Hippocrepis multisiliquosa(?), local name Qileiqlan) together with Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkBlooming Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) growing in silt in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkYellow plant of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) growing in silt in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkEgyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum(?)) growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkTiny plant of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum(?)) growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkGreen plant of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum(?)) growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkBrown plant of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum(?)) growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkBrown blooming plant of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum(?)) growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkEgyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) growing on ruins of farms in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkClose up of flowers of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum(?)) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkReddish plant of slenderleaf iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) with a flower on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkEgyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkEgyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum, local name Ghasoul) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkSeedlings of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkYoung plant of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkSeedling of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum)(?) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkSeedlings of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkSeedling of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum, local name Ghasoul) on a roadside east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSeedling of Egyptian fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkColorful seedlings of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkYoung plant of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) grown on limestone on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkSeedling of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) growing on limestone on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkCarpet of blooming Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkCarpet of blooming Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkReddish plants of Egyptian fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum, local name Ghasoul) grown on a hill slope after spring rains on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkMasses of Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, April 16, 2016

5. Sesuvium verrucosum Raf.

(Sesuvium erectum)

Common names: sea-purslane, Verrucose seapurslane

My notes: Some plants may be S. portulacastrum that is very similar. Grows only as an ornamental plant. Near Olympic Tower in West Bay, it grows on waste ground semi-wild from shoots cut from trimmed plants.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Sesuvium verrucosum is a species of flowering plant in the iceplant family known by the common names western sea-purslane and verrucose sea-purslane. It is native to the Americas, where it can be found in the southwestern quadrant of the United States, Mexico, and parts of South America. It grows in many types of saline and alkaline habitat types on the coast and inland, including salt marshes and other saline wetlands, alkali flats, and drying desert washes. It is a perennial herb producing many branching prostrate stems up to a metre long, forming a mat up to two metres wide. The herbage is verrucose, covered densely in crystalline bumps. The stems are lined with leaves of varying shapes which measure up to 4 cm long. Flowers occur in the leaf axils. They have no petals, but the five, pointed sepals are generally bright pink to reddish or orange in color with a thick, verrucose outer surface. At the centre of the flower is a ring of stamens around the central ovary. The fruit is a capsule about 500 mm long containing many seeds.

LinkBlooming sea purslane (Sesuvium verrucosum) near Al Qassar Tower in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 6, 2015
LinkFlower of sea purslane (Sesuvium verrucosum) taken from Al Qassar Tower in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 24, 2016
LinkSea purslane (Sesuvium verrucosum) near Al Qassar Tower in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 25, 2016

6. Trianthema portulacastrum L.

(Portulacastrum monogynum, Portulaca toston, Tetragonia chisimajensis, Trianthema flexuosum, Trianthema hydaspicum, Trianthema littoralis, Trianthema monogyna, Trianthema obcordata, Trianthema procumbens)

Common names: black pigweed, horse purslane

My notes: It was seen only in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Trianthema portulacastrum is a species of flowering plant in the ice plant family known by the common names desert horse purslane, black pigweed, and giant pigweed. It is native to areas of several continents, including Africa and North and South America, and present as an introduced species in many other areas. It grows in a wide variety of habitat types and it can easily take hold in disturbed areas and cultivated land as a weed. It is an annual herb forming a prostrate mat or clump with stems up to a meter long. It is green to red in color, hairless except for small lines of hairs near the leaves, and fleshy. The leaves have small round or oval blades up to 4 centimeters long borne on short petioles. Solitary flowers occur in leaf axils. The flower lacks petals but has purple, petallike sepals. The fruit is a curved, cylindrical capsule emerging from the stem. It is up to half a centimeter long and has two erect, pointed wings on top, where the capsule opens.

LinkBlack pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkProstrate plant of black pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlack pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) with a flower on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFlower of black pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlooming black pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlack pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015
LinkBlack pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkClose up of leaves of black pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkBlack pigweed (Trianthema portulacastrum) with a flower on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015

7. Zaleya pentandra (L.) C. Jeffrey

(Limeum kenyense, Rocama arabica, Rocama prostrata, Trianthema digyna, Trianthema pentandra)

Common names: Lami, tarba

LinkPlant of Zaleya pentandra in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkBranch of Zaleya pentandra in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkWoody stems of Zaleya pentandra in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkFlowers of Zaleya pentandra in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkClose up of Zaleya pentandra in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkProstrate plant of Zaleya pentandra in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkFruits of Zaleya pentandra taken from a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkBranch of Zaleya pentandra with fruits taken from roadside in Trainah. Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015
LinkClose up of flowers of Zaleya pentandra taken from roadside in Trainah. Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015
LinkBack lit branch of Zaleya pentandra taken from roadside in Trainah. Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015
LinkTrailing shoot of Zaleya pentandra in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkFlowers of Zaleya pentandra in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkBlooming plant of Zaleya pentandra in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkPlants of Zaleya pentandra on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016
LinkClose up of Zaleya pentandra with flowers taken from Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016

IV. Amaranthaceae    Amaranth Family 

1. Aerva javanica (Burm. f.) Juss. ex Schult.

(Aerva persica, Aerva tomentosa, Iresine javanica, Iresine persica)

Common names: desert cotton, El Rowa, kapok bush, tarfa, tirf, towayim, Tuwaim, twaim

Extract from Wikipedia article: Aerva javanica (Hindi: बुई), the kapok bush or desert cotton, is a species of plant in the Amaranthaceae family. It has a native distribution incorporating much of Africa (including Madagascar), and the south-west and south of Asia.

LinkFloccise woolly flowers of Aerva javanica (Aerva persica, Iresine javanica, local names towayim, tarfa, tirf, Tuwaim) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkAerva javanica (local names towayim, tarfa, tirf, Tuwaim) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkAerva javanica with woolly flowers on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkFloccise woolly flowers of Aerva javanica on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkAerva javanica (Aerva persica, Iresine javanica, local names towayim, tarfa, tirf, Tuwaim) in a depression on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana (Karana, Al Kiranah), south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkPlant of Aerva javanica in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkLarge plant of Aerva javanica in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkAerva javanica (local names towayim, tarfa, tirf, Tuwaim) in Jaow Al Hamar depression south from Trainah. Southern Qatar, November 6, 2015
LinkAerva javanica (local names towayim, tarfa, tirf, Tuwaim) near a wall of Barzan 2 compound in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 27, 2016
LinkAerva javanica with woolly flowers on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016

2. Agriophyllum minus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.

LinkHabitat of the plant Agriophyllum minus on windblown sand at the foot of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPlants of Agriophyllum minus on windblown sand at the foot of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPlant of Agriophyllum minus on sand at the foot of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPlant of Agriophyllum minus on windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkGroup of plants of Agriophyllum minus on windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBush of Agriophyllum minus at the foot of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkGreen plant of Agriophyllum minus at the foot of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkRare plant of Agriophyllum minus on windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBack lit plant of Agriophyllum minus on windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkClose up of a plant of Agriophyllum minus in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkClose up of a rare plant of Agriophyllum minus in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkClose up of a shoot of Agriophyllum minus in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkClose up of a shoot of Agriophyllum minus on white background in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBranch of Agriophyllum minus in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBranching shoots of Agriophyllum minus in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkClose up of leaves of Agriophyllum minus in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBase hub of Agriophyllum minus in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkGreen bushes of Agriophyllum minus on sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkRare plant of Agriophyllum minus on sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkLower part with larger leaves of a shoot of a plant Agriophyllum minus taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkClose up of a shoot of a plant Agriophyllum minus taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPlant of Agriophyllum minus in sandy area below a limestone cliff in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkPlant of Agriophyllum minus in sand below a limestone cliff in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkPlant of Agriophyllum minus in sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkPlant of Agriophyllum minus in windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkPlant of Agriophyllum minus in windblown sand below a limestone cliff in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkPlant of Agriophyllum minus in sandy area in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkDry plants of Agriophyllum minus on sand at the foot of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, May 20, 2016
LinkDry plant of Agriophyllum minus in sandy area in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, June 25, 2016
LinkDry plant of Agriophyllum minus in area of sabkha in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, June 25, 2016

3. Alternanthera pungens Kunth

(Alternanthera achyrantha, Alternanthera lorentzii, Alternanthera repens)

Common names: Khaki Burr

My notes: Only found in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms, where it often forms dense carpet in fall.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Alternanthera pungens Kunth is a creeping, prostrate perennial pioneer plant of the Amaranthaceae family, spreading by seed and vegetatively, with roots often developing at the nodes of spreading stems. A plant of roadsides, path verges and waste places (ruderal), it is thought to have come from Central and South America, and to have become widely established in Australia and Southern Africa. Other species of this genus, e.g. Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC., have long been recorded from Tropical Africa, and would be difficult to prove as invaders.

LinkClose up of Khaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkKhaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkCarpet of Khaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkMats of Khaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkKhaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) carpeting the ground on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkKhaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) growing among spurge on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkKhaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) growing among prostrate spurge on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkKhaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) and spurge Euphorbia prostrata on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkKhaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) growing on sandy road on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkClose up of Khaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFresh leaves of Khaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkSpreading of Khaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015
LinkKhaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkCarpet of Khaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkDense infestation by Khaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkClose up of Khaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015

4. Amaranthus albus L.

(Amaranthus gracilentus, Amaranthus graecizans, Amaranthus littoralis, Amaranthus pubescens, Galliaria albida, Glomeraria alba)

Common names: common tumbleweed, pigweed amaranth, prostrate pigweed, tumble pigweed

Extract from Wikipedia article: Amaranthus albus is an annual species of flowering plant. It is native to the tropical Americas but a widespread introduced species in other places, including Europe, Africa, and Australia.

LinkWeb of caterpillars on common tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkGreenish white stem of common tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkCommon tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkShoot of common tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) taken from a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkCommon tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) with emerging green inflorescences taken from a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkClose up of common tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) taken from a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkCommon tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) in a depression on roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkYoung plant of common tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) on roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkClose up of shoots of common tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) taken from roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkReddish plant of common tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkReddish shoots of common tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) taken from roadside of Dukhan Highway near Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkSeeds of common tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) taken from roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkCommon tumbleweed (Amaranthus albus) on roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, February 5, 2016

5. Amaranthus caudatus L.

(Amaranthus edulis, Amaranthus mantegazzianus)

Common names: foxtail amaranth, khaisa, pendant amaranth, pigweed, rowaf, samghat reeh

My notes: Difficult to distinguish it from A. viridis and A. hybridus.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Amaranthus caudatus is a species of annual flowering plant. It goes by common names such as love-lies-bleeding, pendant amaranth, tassel flower, velvet flower, foxtail amaranth, and quilete.

LinkFoxtail amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus, local name samghat reeh) on Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkFoxtail amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus, local name samghat reeh) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 17, 2014
LinkFoxtail amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus)(?) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 10, 2015

6. Amaranthus graecizans L.

(Amaranthus angustifolius, Amaranthus aschersonianus, Amaranthus blitum, Amaranthus hierichuntinus, Amaranthus roxburgianus, Amaranthus thellungianus, Blitum graecizans, Galliaria graecizans, Glomeraria graecizans)

Common names: Mediterranean amaranth, qutayf, short-tepalled pigweed, sindar

Extract from Wikipedia article: Amaranthus graecizans, the Mediterranean amaranth or short-tepalled pigweed, is an African species in the botanical family Amaranthaceae. It is naturalized in North America.

LinkLeaf of Mediterranean amaranth (short-tepalled pigweed, Amaranthus graecizans) taken from Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkMediterranean amaranth (short-tepalled pigweed, Amaranthus graecizans) taken from Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkMediterranean amaranth (short-tepalled pigweed, Amaranthus graecizans) on white background taken from Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkMediterranean amaranth (short-tepalled pigweed, Amaranthus graecizans) on sidewalk in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016
LinkClose up of Mediterranean amaranth (short-tepalled pigweed, Amaranthus graecizans) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016
LinkBack side of leaves of Mediterranean amaranth (short-tepalled pigweed, Amaranthus graecizans) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016
LinkMediterranean amaranth (short-tepalled pigweed, Amaranthus graecizans) on dark background taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016

7. Amaranthus hybridus L.

(Amaranthus chlorostachys, Amaranthus cruentus, Amaranthus incurvatus, Amaranthus nepalensis, Amaranthus paniculatus, Amaranthus quitensis)

Common names: khaisa, red amaranth, rowaf, samghat reeh, smooth pigweed

My notes: Difficult to distinguish it from A. viridis and A. caudatus.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Amaranthus hybridus, commonly called smooth amaranth, smooth pigweed, red amaranth, or slim amaranth, is a species of annual flowering plant. It is a weedy species found now over much of North America and introduced into Europe and Eurasia.

LinkLarge amaranth plant Amaranthus hybridus(?) on Zurara Bin Amir Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014
LinkAmaranthus hybridus on Mousa Bin Nusair Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2014
LinkAmaranthus hybridus(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkRed amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)(?) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkSeedlings of red amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)(?) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkAmaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)(?) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkAmaranthus hybridus grown on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkAmaranthus hybridus taken from the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkFlowers of Amaranthus hybridus taken from the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkAmaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)(?) on a median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 24, 2016
LinkAmaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)(?) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 22, 2016

8. Amaranthus viridis L.

(Amaranthus acutilobus, Amaranthus gracilis)

Common names: khaisa, samghat reeh, sendar, slender amaranth

My notes: Difficult to distinguish it from A. hybridus and A. caudatus.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Amaranthus viridis is a cosmopolitan species in the botanical family Amaranthaceae and is commonly known as Slender Amaranth or Green Amaranth.

LinkAmaranthus viridis (local names samghat reeh, khaisa, sendar) on Corniche promenade. Doha, Qatar, April 4, 2014
LinkAmaranthus viridis (local names samghat reeh, khaisa, sendar) near Al Markhiya Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkSlender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis)(?) on periphery of a small field of alfalfa in Harrarah settlement. Southern Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkClose up of slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis)(?) on periphery of a small field of alfalfa in Harrarah settlement. Southern Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkFruits of slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) found under a palm in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, November 18, 2015
LinkSlender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) found under a palm in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, November 18, 2015
LinkSlender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis)(?) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkSlender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis)(?) grown on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkLarge plant of slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis)(?) grown on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkClose up of flower spikes of Slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) taken from the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkFlower spikes of Slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) taken from the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016

9. Anabasis setifera Moq.

(Anabasis annua, Anabasis lutea)

Common names: hamd al arnab, Himd-Shaaran, Salsola setifera, shuaairan

LinkSeedling of a salt tolerant plant Anabasis setifera in dunes of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkSeedling of a salt tolerant plant Anabasis setifera near Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant Anabasis setifera on roadside of Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 17, 2014
LinkTwig Anabasis setifera taken from Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 17, 2014
LinkTypical vegetative stems with leaves terminating with a bristle of Anabasis setifera on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 19, 2014
LinkPurplish plant of Anabasis setifera suffering from extreme desert conditions on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkPink winged fruits of Anabasis setifera in oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkBlooming Anabasis setifera in oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkPlant of Anabasis setifera with emerging winged fruits on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkWinged fruits of Anabasis setifera on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkRed winged fruits of Anabasis setifera on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkBush of Anabasis setifera with seeds on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkBush of Anabasis setifera with pink winged fruits on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkPlant of Anabasis setifera suffering under extreme desert conditions on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkSmall purplish plant of Anabasis setifera suffering under extreme desert conditions on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkSeedling of a salt tolerant plant Anabasis setifera on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkSeedling of Anabasis setifera taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkAnabasis setifera in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkBlooming salt tolerant plant Anabasis setifera in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkAnabasis setifera with pink winged fruits taken from northern Dukhan. Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkShoots of Anabasis setifera with pink winged fruits taken from northern Dukhan. Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkPlant of Anabasis setifera in windblown sand on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016
LinkSand mounds with plants of Anabasis setifera on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016

10. Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (Moric.) K. Koch

(Arthrocnemum fruticosum, Arthrocnemum glaucum, Arthrocnemum indicum, Arthrocnemum virginicum, Salicornia glauca, Salicornia macrostachya, Salicornia virginica)

Common names: ajram, glaucous glasswort, hamadh, qulaam, shinaan

My notes: Some pictures may show Salicornia europaea instead of this plant.

LinkSalt marsh with plants of Glaucous glasswort (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) in southeast coastal area near Mesaieed. Qatar, January 29, 2010
LinkGlaucous glasswort (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) with tiny flowers near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) on Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkSeedling of Glaucous glasswort (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkTwig of Glaucous glasswort (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) turning yellow taken from Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 8, 2014
LinkGlaucous glasswort (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkYellowish shoots of glaucous glasswort (Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa) with a host plant Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (glasswort, local name shnaan) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015

11. Atriplex halimus L.

(Atriplex domingensis, Atriplex halimoides, Atriplex kataf, Atriplex serrulata, Chenopodium halimus, Obione domingensis, Obione halimus, Schizotheca halimus)

Common names: Mediterranean saltbush, sea orache

Extract from Wikipedia article: Atriplex halimus (known also by its common names: Mediterranean saltbush, Sea orache, Shrubby orache, Silvery orache; ; also spelled orach) is a species of fodder shrub in the family Amaranthaceae, which is native to Europe and Northern Africa, including the Sahara in Morocco.

LinkOrnamental plant of Mediterranean saltbush (Atriplex halimus) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016

12. Atriplex leucoclada Boiss.

(Atriplex chanicowii, Atriplex inamoena, Atriplex laciniata, Atriplex turcomanica, Obione leucoclada)

Common names: Orache, raghal, rughl

My notes: Subsp. turcomanica was seen only in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms.

LinkAtriplex leucoclada (local names raghal, Orache) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAtriplex leucoclada (local names raghal, orache) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkAtriplex leucoclada subsp. turcomanica(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkAtriplex leucoclada subsp. turcomanica(?) in dew on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkPlant of Atriplex leucoclada subsp. turcomanica(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkPlant of Atriplex leucoclada subsp. turcomanica(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkSeedlings of Atriplex leucoclada subsp. turcomanica(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkAtriplex leucoclada subsp. turcomanica on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015
LinkAtriplex leucoclada in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkPlant of Atriplex leucoclada on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkBranch of Atriplex leucoclada taken from a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016

13. Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J.Scott

(Atriplex scoparia, Bassia sicorica, Bassia sieversiana, Bushiola scoparia, Chenopodium scoparia, Kochia alata, Kochia densiflora, Kochia parodii, Kochia scoparia, Kochia sicorica, Kochia sieversiana, Salsola scoparia, Suaeda sieversiana)

Common names: belvedere, burningbush, kochia, Mexican firebrush, Mexican fireweed, mock-cypress, ragweed, summer cypress

Extract from Wikipedia article: Bassia scoparia (syn. Kochia scoparia) is a large annual herb in the family Amaranthaceae native to Eurasia. It has been introduced to many parts of North America, where it is found in grassland, prairie, and desert shrub ecosystems. Its common names include burningbush, ragweed, summer cypress, mock-cypress, kochia, belvedere, Mexican firebrush, and Mexican fireweed.

LinkSummer cypress (Bassia scoparia)(?) on Corniche. Doha, Qatar, May 24, 2016
LinkSummer cypress (Bassia scoparia)(?) with flowers on Corniche. Doha, Qatar, May 24, 2016
LinkShoots of summer cypress (Bassia scoparia)(?) on Corniche. Doha, Qatar, May 24, 2016
LinkSummer-cypress plant (Bassia scoparia)(?) on Corniche. Doha, Qatar, June 1, 2016

14. Beta vulgaris L.

(Beta foliosa, Beta maritima, Beta orientalis)

Common names: bangar, Bari, common beet, Salaq, Shamandar, Silq

Extract from Wikipedia article: Beta vulgaris (beet) is a plant in the Chenopodiaceae family (which is now included in Betoideae subfamily). It has numerous cultivated varieties, the most well known of which is the root vegetable known as the beetroot or garden beet. Other cultivated varieties include the leaf vegetable chard; the sugar beet, used to produce table sugar; and mangelwurzel, which is a fodder crop. Three subspecies are typically recognised. All cultivated varieties fall into the subspecies Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris. Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima, commonly known as the sea beet, is the wild ancestor of these and is found throughout the Mediterranean, the Atlantic coast of Europe, the Near East, and India. A second wild subspecies, Beta vulgaris subsp. adanensis, occurs from Greece to Syria.

LinkCommon beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkCommon beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkCommon beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) with fruits in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkFruits of common beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkTerminal spikes of common beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkGreen shoot of common beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkClose up of fruits of common beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkCommon beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkCommon beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) with fruits taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkBranch of common beet (Beta vulgaris, local name bangar) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016

15. Bienertia cycloptera Bunge ex Boiss.

My notes: This form of B. is more succulent, has clustered fruits, and grows in sand relatively far from water. Could be the same species as B. sinuspersici.

LinkFlowers or fruits of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkDying plant of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkMasses of flowers of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkButton like fruits of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkMasses of fruits of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkFruits(?) of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkSeeds(?) of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkButton like fruits of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkDying plant of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkMasses of flowers or fruits of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkDying twig of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkAlmost dry plant of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkPlant of Bienertia cycloptera on roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkPlant of Bienertia cycloptera emerging from sand near Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkLarge plant of Bienertia cycloptera on roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkBienertia cycloptera with fruits taken from roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkPink young plant of Bienertia cycloptera taken from roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkPink young plant of Bienertia cycloptera with small fruits of flowers taken from roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkBienertia cycloptera in sand on roadside in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkPlant of Bienertia cycloptera on roadside in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkShoot of Bienertia cycloptera taken from roadside in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkHalf dry salt tolerant plant of Bienertia cycloptera on roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkBlue leaves of Bienertia cycloptera on roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkAlmost dry plant of Bienertia cycloptera on roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkPlant of Bienertia cycloptera in a roadside gully of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkPlant of Bienertia cycloptera on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, June 10, 2016
LinkPlant of Bienertia cycloptera near Salwa Road on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, June 10, 2016

16. Bienertia sinuspersici Akhani

Common names: Hatallus

My notes: This form of B. grows on beaches few meters from water line and has relatively small leaves. It has prostrate shape. Could be the only species of B.

LinkSalt tolerant plant Bienertia sinuspersici(?) on a beach north from Umm Bab. Western Qatar, April 4, 2014
LinkClose up of a salt tolerant plant Bienertia sinuspersici(?) on a beach north from Umm Bab. Western Qatar, April 4, 2014
LinkShoot of Bienertia sinuspersici near village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais on northwest coast. Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkBienertia sinuspersici with flower buds near village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais on northwest coast. Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkBienertia sinuspersici with seeds on a beach near Zubara archeological site. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkButton like fruits of Bienertia sinuspersici on a beach near Zubara archeological site. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkSeeds of Bienertia sinuspersici on a beach near Zubara archeological site. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkSeedling of Bienertia sinuspersici on a beach near Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkPlant of Bienertia sinuspersici on a beach near Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkPlant of Bienertia sinuspersici in sand on a beach near Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkShoot of Bienertia sinuspersici on a beach near Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkBienertia sinuspersici emerging from sand on a beach near Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkSalt tolerant plant of Bienertia sinuspersici on a beach near Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkYoung plant of Bienertia sinuspersici in sand on a beach near Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Northern Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkPlant of Bienertia sinuspersici at sunrise near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkPlant of Bienertia sinuspersici near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkPlant of Bienertia sinuspersici in sand near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkShoot of Bienertia sinuspersici near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkClose up of Bienertia sinuspersici near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkFlower buds of Bienertia sinuspersici near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkShoots of Bienertia sinuspersici at morning near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkYoung plants of Bienertia sinuspersici near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkHabitat of Bienertia sinuspersici plants near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkYellowish branches of Bienertia sinuspersici plant near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkClose up of Bienertia sinuspersici plant with fruits near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkBranch of Bienertia sinuspersici plant with fruits near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkTwigs of Bienertia sinuspersici plant with fruits near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkBienertia sinuspersici plant with fruits near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkClose up of fruits of Bienertia sinuspersici plant taken from a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkClose up of twigs of Bienertia sinuspersici plant with fruits taken from a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkFall colors of shoots of Bienertia sinuspersici plant with fruits on a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 28, 2015
LinkFruits of Bienertia sinuspersici plant on a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 28, 2015
LinkFruits of Bienertia sinuspersici plant on sand on a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 28, 2015
LinkGreen fruits of Bienertia sinuspersici plant on a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 28, 2015
LinkBlackened fruits of Bienertia sinuspersici on the ground near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkBienertia sinuspersici on a beach near Fuwairit. Qatar, June 4, 2016
LinkA beach with plants of Bienertia sinuspersici near Fuwairit. Qatar, June 4, 2016
LinkSalt tolerant plant of Bienertia sinuspersici on a beach near Fuwairit. Qatar, June 4, 2016
LinkLarge plant of Bienertia sinuspersici on a beach in area of Sabkhat Baja Al Jarajeer north from Zekreet in Ras Abrouq Peninsula. Qatar, June 24, 2016
LinkPlants of Bienertia sinuspersici on a beach in northern part of Ras Abrouq Peninsula, north from Zekreet. Qatar, June 24, 2016
LinkA beach overgrown by plants of Bienertia sinuspersici in northern part of Ras Abrouq Peninsula, north from Zekreet. Qatar, June 24, 2016
LinkPlants of Bienertia sinuspersici at the entrance of Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, June 25, 2016
LinkBluish plant of Bienertia sinuspersici at the entrance of Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, June 25, 2016

17. Chenopodium album L.

(Anserina candidans, Atriplex alba, Atriplex viridis, Blitum viride, Botrys alba, Botrys pagana, Chenopodium agreste, Chenopodium bernburgense, Chenopodium bicolor, Chenopodium borbasiforme, Chenopodium borbasii, Chenopodium browneanum, Chenopodium candicans, Chenopodium catenulatum, Chenopodium concatenatum, Chenopodium diversifolium, Chenopodium elatum, Chenopodium glomerulosum, Chenopodium laciniatum, Chenopodium lanceolatum, Chenopodium leiospermum, Chenopodium lobatum, Chenopodium missouriense, Chenopodium neglectum, Chenopodium neoalbum, Chenopodium opulaceum, Chenopodium ovalifolium, Chenopodium paganum, Chenopodium paucidentatum, Chenopodium pedunculare, Chenopodium probstii, Chenopodium pseudoborbasii, Chenopodium riparium, Chenopodium serotinum, Chenopodium subaphyllum, Chenopodium superalbum, Chenopodium viride, Chenopodium viridescens, Chenopodium vulgare, Chenopodium vulpinum, Chenopodium zobelii, Chenopodium zobelli, Chenopodium × borbasioides, Chenopodium × densifoliatum)

Common names: fat-hen, goosefoot, lamb's quarters, melde, shawlah, siamgat al reiH, weraq, zarbekh

Extract from Wikipedia article: Chenopodium album is a fast-growing weedy annual plant in the genus Chenopodium.

LinkLamb's quarters (Chenopodium album) grown as weed on Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkClose up of Lamb's quarters (Chenopodium album) grown as weed on Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkLamb's quarters (Chenopodium album) on white background taken from Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkPlant of Lamb's quarters (Chenopodium album) with flowers taken from Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkLamb's quarters (Chenopodium album) with flowers taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2016
LinkLamb's quarters (Chenopodium album) taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2016
LinkLamb's quarters (Chenopodium album) on white background taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2016

18. Chenopodium murale L.

(Chenopodium congestum)

Common names: abu affeyn, Khaisa, kheisa, Nettle-leaf Goosefoot, samghat reeh, sowbane, weraq, zarbeeH

LinkNettle-leaf goosefoot (Chenopodium murale) on a roadside of Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 17, 2014
LinkNettle-leaf goosefoot (Chenopodium murale) with seeds near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 5, 2014
LinkNettle-leaf goosefoot (Chenopodium murale)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFat green grasshopper on a leaf of Chenopodium murale on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkNettle-leaf goosefoot (Chenopodium murale)(?) with flowers on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkNettle-leaf goosefoot (Chenopodium murale) with fruits taken from pavement near extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2015

19. Cornulaca aucheri Moq.

(Cornulaca leucacantha)

Common names: hadh, saley, thalj

LinkBrownish plant Cornulaca aucheri(?) (local name thalj) at the foot of a sand dune near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013
LinkCornulaca aucheri(?) on a roadside of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkCornulaca aucheri(?) taken from a roadside of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkClose up of Cornulaca aucheri(?) taken from a roadside of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkCornulaca aucheri (local name thalj) south from Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkThorns of Cornulaca aucheri (local name thalj) south from Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkCornulaca aucheri with seeds of other plants south from Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkCornulaca aucheri (local name thalj) near a sand dune south from Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkDetails of Cornulaca aucheri (local name thalj) near a sand dune south from Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkCornulaca aucheri (local name thalj) in area of a sand dunes south from Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkBush of Cornulaca aucheri near Al Markhiya Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkCornulaca aucheri on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkShoot of Cornulaca aucheri taken from a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkCornulaca aucheri on dark background taken from a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkPlant of Cornulaca aucheri on a beach near Abu Samra. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkThorny plant of Cornulaca aucheri taken from a beach near Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkClose up of tiny flowers of Cornulaca aucheri taken from a beach near Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkBrownish plant Cornulaca aucheri in windblown sand in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015
LinkCornulaca aucheri in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkCornulaca aucheri in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkTumbleweed (dry mature plants of Cornulaca aucheri) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkPlant of Cornulaca aucheri Taken from Fuwairit. Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkCornulaca aucheri (local name thalj) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkCornulaca aucheri (local name thalj) at the foot of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, June 4, 2016

20. Cornulaca monacantha Delile

Common names: djouri, had, hadh, sallj, thalj, thallaj

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cornulaca monacantha is a species of flowering plant in the genus Cornulaca, that is now included in the family Amaranthaceae, (formerly Chenopodiaceae). It is a desert plant found in the Middle East and the Sahara, and the southern end of its range is considered to delineate the edge of the desert. In Arabic it is known as had and djouri, and the Tuareg people call it tahara. It was first described in 1813 by the French botanist Alire Raffeneau Delile.

LinkCornulaca monacantha (local names thalj, thallaj) in sand dunes near Inland Sea Road. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkBush of Cornulaca monacantha (local names thalj, thallaj) in sand dunes near Inland Sea Road. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkBlooming Cornulaca monacantha(?) in sand dunes near Inland Sea Road. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkDesert plant Cornulaca monacantha (local names thalj, thallaj) in sand dunes near Inland Sea Road. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkBlooming Cornulaca monacantha(?) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkCornulaca monacantha taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkClose up of Cornulaca monacantha taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkOld bush of Cornulaca monacantha in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkCornulaca monacantha with sand ripples on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkCornulaca monacantha in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkCornulaca monacantha on stony ground on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkCornulaca monacantha in sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkCornulaca monacantha(?) in sand mound on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkCornulaca monacantha in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkSmall bush of Cornulaca monacantha (local names thalj, thallaj) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkDesert plant Cornulaca monacantha (local names thalj, thallaj) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkCornulaca monacantha (local names thalj, thallaj) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016
LinkCornulaca monacantha (local names thalj, thallaj) in windblown sand on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016

21. Digera muricata (L.) Mart.

(Achyranthes alternifolia, Achyranthes ciliata, Achyranthes digera, Achyranthes muricata, Achyranthes polygonoides, Amaranthus arvensis, Amaranthus frutescens, Celosia muricata, Chamissoa arabica, Chamissoa ciliata, Chamissoa commutata, Chamissoa muricata, Cladostachys alternifolia, Cladostachys arborescens, Cladostachys muricata, Desmochaeta alternifolia, Desmochaeta ciliata, Desmochaeta muricata, Digera alternifolia, Digera arvensis, Digera ciliata, Digera forsskaolii, Digera frutescens, Eclotoripa annua, Eclotoripa fruticosa)

Common names: false amaranth

LinkFalse amaranth (Digera muricata) on periphery of a small field of alfalfa in Harrarah settlement. Southern Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkFlowers of false amaranth (Digera muricata) on periphery of a small field of alfalfa in Harrarah settlement. Southern Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkBlooming false amaranth (Digera muricata) on periphery of a small field of alfalfa in Harrarah settlement. Southern Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkFlower spike of false amaranth (Digera muricata) on periphery of a small field of alfalfa in Harrarah settlement. Southern Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkFlowers and leaves of false amaranth (Digera muricata) on periphery of a small field of alfalfa in Harrarah settlement. Southern Qatar, October 30, 2015

22. Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants

(Chenopodium ambrosioides, Chenopodium integrifolium, Chenopodium opulifolium, Chenopodium suffruticosum, Teloxys ambrosioides)

Common names: Epazote, Jesuits tea, Mexican tea, Paico, wormseed

My notes: Mostly grows in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms, but in one instance it was found on roadside of Salwa Highway.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Epazote, wormseed, Jesuit's tea, Mexican tea, Paico or Herba Sancti Mariæ (Dysphania ambrosioides, formerly Chenopodium ambrosioides) is an herb native to Central America, South America, and southern Mexico.

LinkEpazote (wormseed, Dysphania ambrosioides) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkWormseed (Dysphania ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkWormseed (Dysphania ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkSome species of Chenopodium with small leaves (Dysphania ambrosioides)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBranch of Wormseed (Dysphania ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides) with seeds taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkYoung plants of wormseed (Dysphania ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkLeaves of wormseed (Dysphania ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of wormseed (Dysphania ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkEpazote (wormseed, Dysphania ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkWormseed (Dysphania ambrosioides, Chenopodium ambrosioides) in a roadside depression near Salwa Road. Qatar, April 22, 2016

23. Gomphrena globosa L.

(Amaranthoides globosa, Amaranthoides globosus, Gomphrena eriopoda, Gomphrena rubra, Gomphrena tumida, Xeraea globosa)

Common names: bachelor button, globe amaranth

My notes: Ornamental plant.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Gomphrena globosa, commonly known as globe amaranth or bachelor button, is an annual plant that grows up to 24 inches in height. The true species has magenta bracts, and cultivars have colors such as purple, red, white, pink, and lilac.

LinkGlobe amaranth (Gomphrena globosa) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, August 22, 2015

24. Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.) M. Bieb.

(Halopeplis perfoliata, Halostachys perfoliata, Salicornia perfoliata, Salicornia strobilacea)

Common names: hadhadi, hamd, jointed glasswort, Sabat

LinkSalt marsh overgrown mostly with jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 25, 2011
LinkSalt tolerant plant Halocnemum strobilaceum on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant Halocnemum strobilaceum on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 19, 2014
LinkPlant of Halocnemum strobilaceum in salt marsh on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkClose up of Halocnemum strobilaceum near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkHalocnemum strobilaceum taken from area of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkJointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkJointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkMat of jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkMat of Halocnemum strobilaceum on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant of Halocnemum strobilaceum on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkMats of jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkJointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkJointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) turning yellow in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkYellow shoots of jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkJointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkTwig of jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkBrownish shoots of jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) in salt marsh near Al Thakira. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkJointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkShoot of jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkBranches of jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) in sand on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkJointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) forming sand mounds in Luwaima and Ras Al Qawar north from Al Thakhira. Qatar, June 18, 2016
LinkJointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) in windblown sand in Luwaima and Ras Al Qawar north from Al Thakhira. Qatar, June 18, 2016
LinkSalt marsh in Luwaima and Ras Al Qawar covered by plants of jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) north from Al Thakhira. Qatar, June 18, 2016
LinkMounds of jointed glasswort (Halocnemum strobilaceum) on salt marsh in Luwaima and Ras Al Qawar north from Al Thakhira. Qatar, June 18, 2016

25. Halopeplis perfoliata (Forssk.) Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb.

(Halostachys perfoliata, Salicornia perfoliata)

Common names: Al Kheriza beach plant, inab al bahr, khureiza, Khurreyz, string of beads

LinkSucculent leaves of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 19, 2010
LinkCoastal halophyte Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads ) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 1, 2010
LinkLeaves of coastal halophyte Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads ) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 1, 2010
LinkCoastal halophyte Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads ) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkClose up of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads ) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkRed succulent leaves of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads ) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkColony of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads ) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkBushes of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) in Safliya Island near Doha. Qatar, April 3, 2013
LinkAl Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) in Safliya Island near Doha. Qatar, April 3, 2013
LinkCoastal halophyte Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads) on Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkCoastal halophyte Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads) on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkAl Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) taken from area of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkClose up of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) taken from area of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkAl Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) on a beach near Zubara archeological site. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkTwig of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) with minute flowers on a beach near Zubara archeological site. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkBack lit blooming Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) on a beach near Zubara archeological site. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkYoung Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) on a beach near Zubara archeological site. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkClose up of leaves of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) on a beach near Zubara archeological site. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkBush of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) on a beach near Zubara archeological site. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkBush of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkAl Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkClose up of Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkAl Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkBlooming Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads) on a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 28, 2015
LinkRed leaves of a half dry Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads) on a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 28, 2015
LinkBurgundy red fall color of coastal halophyte Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkFall foliage of coastal halophyte Al Kheriza beach plant (Halopeplis perfoliata, khurreyz, string of beads) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015

26. Haloxylon persicum Bunge

(Anabasis saxaul, Arthrophytum acutifolium, Arthrophytum ammodendron, Arthrophytum arborescens, Arthrophytum persicum)

Common names: ghada, qadha, rimth, white saxaul

Extract from Wikipedia article: Haloxylon persicum, the white saxaul, is a small tree belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. Its range is Western Asia, including Israel, Jordan, Egypt, Sinai, South Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Oman, UAE, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, to Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, etc.), and China (Xinjiang etc.).

LinkBranches of white saxaul (Haloxylon persicum) planted vegetatively from a locally found tree in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 20, 2016
LinkWhite saxaul (Haloxylon persicum) planted vegetatively from a locally found tree in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 20, 2016
LinkTrees of white saxaul (Haloxylon persicum) planted vegetatively from a locally found tree in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 20, 2016

27. Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bunge ex Boiss.

(Caroxylon salicornicum, Haloxylon articulatum, Haloxylon schweinfurthii, Hammada salicornica)

Common names: hamd, Hammada elegance, remith

LinkHaloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) growing on layers of gypsum crystals (selenite) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkHaloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance local names remith, hamd) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkWinged fruits of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) on roadside of a road to Zubara. Northern Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkHaloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkHaloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) on sand mound on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkTwig of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkHaloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkHaloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) with bird-beak-shaped galls (flower galls) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkLarge bush of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkColorful fruit-like galls (flower, or bird-beak-shaped galls) on Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkTwig of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) with flower galls (bird-beak-shaped galls) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkHaloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) with tiny yellow flowers and a bird-beak-shaped galls near chalk cliffs near Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkHaloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) in windblown sand at sunrise on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkWinged fruits of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkWinged fruits of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) on roadside of a road to Zubara near Al Majda. Qatar, November 28, 2015
LinkDry bush of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBrown branch of Haloxylon salicornicum taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa) with a host plant Haloxylon salicornicum in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkShoot of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkBush of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance local names remith, hamd) on the slope of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPinkish bush of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) on a limestone plane in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkSand mound with a plant of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPurple tinged plant of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkHanging plant of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkBranch of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) with flower galls (bird-beak-shaped galls) taken from a roadside of Salwa Highway. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkProstrate bush of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance, local names remith, hamd) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkBush of Haloxylon salicornicum (Hammada elegance) on limestone rocks in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, June 25, 2016

28. Salicornia sinus-persica Akhani

Common names: glasswort

LinkGlasswort (Salicornia sinus-persica) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salicornia sinus-persica) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkFall colors of glasswort Salicornia sinus-persica in salt marsh, view from causeway to Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkFall colors of glasswort Salicornia sinus-persica in salt marsh near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkReddish plant of glasswort Salicornia sinus-persica on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkInundated reddish plants of glasswort Salicornia sinus-persica on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salicornia sinus-persica) taken from Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkRed foliage of glasswort (Salicornia sinus-persica) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkRed stems of glasswort (Salicornia sinus-persica) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkGlasswort (Salicornia sinus-persica) on a beach near Fuwairit. Qatar, June 4, 2016

29. Salsola collina Pall.

(Salsola chinensis, Salsola kali)

Common names: slender Russian thistle, slender saltwort

LinkStalk of tumbleweed (slender saltwort, slender Russian thistle, Salsola collina(?)) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkShoot of tumbleweed (slender saltwort, slender Russian thistle, Salsola collina(?)) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkBranch of tumbleweed (slender saltwort, slender Russian thistle, Salsola collina(?)) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016

30. Salsola cyclophylla Baker

Common names: hamd

LinkSalsola cyclophylla(?) in desert near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkGreen stink bugs on Salsola cyclophylla on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 8, 2014
LinkTwig of Salsola cyclophylla taken from Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 8, 2014
LinkWinged seeds of Salsola cyclophylla on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkPink winged fruits on a twig of Salsola cyclophylla on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkPink winged fruits of Salsola cyclophylla on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkWinged fruits of Salsola cyclophylla on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkTwig of Salsola cyclophylla with winged fruits on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkPink winged fruits of Salsola cyclophylla on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkWinged fruits on a bush of Salsola cyclophylla on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkPlant of Salsola cyclophylla on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkSalsola cyclophylla in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkBush of Salsola cyclophylla on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkPlant of Salsola cyclophylla on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkLarge bush of Salsola cyclophylla in area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) water well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkLarge plant of Salsola cyclophylla in area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) water well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkSalsola cyclophylla with minute yellow flowers near chalk cliffs near Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkSalsola cyclophylla with tiny yellow flowers near chalk cliffs near Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkSalsola cyclophylla with pink winged fruits taken from northern Dukhan. Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkPlant of Salsola cyclophylla in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSalsola cyclophylla on an edge of a stone plateau in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkShoots of Salsola cyclophylla in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkLeaves of Salsola cyclophylla on the slope of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkSalsola cyclophylla in a roadside depression near Salwa Road. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkSalsola cyclophylla on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016
LinkBush of Salsola cyclophylla on limestone rocks in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, June 25, 2016

31. Salsola drummondii Ulbr.

(Salsola obpyrifolia)

Common names: round leafed Rothe

My notes: Young plants may have clavate leaves. Later, leaves become pear-shaped.

LinkFruits of Salsola drummondii(?) in oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkBlooming bush of Salsola drummondii on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant of Salsola drummondii on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkClose up of a twig of Salsola drummondii on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkLeaves of Salsola drummondii on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkPlant of Salsola drummondii growing on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkWinged fruits of Salsola drummondii on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkBlooming plant of Salsola drummondii on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkBushes of Salsola drummondii in sand on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant of Salsola drummondii on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkClose up of leaves of Salsola drummondii taken from a beach in Abu Samra. Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkSalsola drummondii in a deep roadside depression of Salwa Road near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkYoung shoot of Salsola drummondii with pear-shaped leaves taken from a beach near Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkShoots of Salsola drummondii with pear and short-club-shaped leaves in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkSalsola drummondii in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkBush of Salsola drummondii with club-shaped variation of leaves in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkYoung plant of Salsola drummondii with clavate and club-shaped variation of leaves in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkSalsola drummondii with clavate and cylindrical shaped variation of leaves in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkSalsola drummondii in sand mound on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkYoung bush of Salsola drummondii with club-shaped leaves in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkTwig of Salsola drummondii with clavate and club-shaped variation of leaves taken from roadside in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkClose up of Salsola drummondii with clavate and club-shaped leaves taken from roadside in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkClose up of Salsola drummondii with clavate and club-shaped variation of leaves on dark background taken from roadside in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkTwig of Salsola drummondii with clavate and club-shaped leaves on dark background taken from roadside in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkSalsola drummondii on roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkShoots of Salsola drummondii on roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkTwig Salsola drummondii on roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkSalsola drummondii taken from roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkClose up of Salsola drummondii taken from roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkTwigs of Salsola drummondii taken from roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkBranch of Salsola drummondii taken from roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkSalt tolerant bush of Salsola drummondii on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkYoung plant of Salsola drummondii on roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkSalt tolerant plant of Salsola drummondii in windblown sand on roadside of Dukhan Road. Qatar, October 31, 2015
LinkClose up of shoot of Salsola drummondii taken from roadside of Salwa Road near Abu Samra. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkYoung plant of Salsola drummondii on roadside in Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkYoung plant of Salsola drummondii taken from roadside in Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkYoung plant of Salsola drummondii in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBush of Salsola drummondii in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPlant of Salsola drummondii on roadside of Dukhan Highway west from Khawzan. Qatar, June 24, 2016

32. Salsola imbricata Forssk.

(Salsola foetida)

Common names: hamd zeohyr, khereit

LinkSaltwort (Salsola imbricata) with a winged fruit east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2011
LinkSalt tolerant plant Salsola imbricata found near near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant Salsola imbricata in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkBack lit salt tolerant plant Salsola imbricata in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) at sunrise in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) taken from empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay at sunrise. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) on dry soil north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) on sidewalk of Meshrif Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) taken from salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 21, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) with fluffy growth caused by gall midges (gall gnats, Cecidomyidae) in a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkGlasswort Salsola imbricata with clumps of white hair caused by gall midges (gall gnats, Cecidomyidae) in a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkClumps of white hair by gall midges (gall gnats, Cecidomyidae) of glasswort Salsola imbricata taken from a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkWinged fruits of saltwort (Salsola imbricata) in a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 18, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) on wasteland near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkWinged seeds of glasswort (Salsola imbricata) taken from wasteland near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) with fluffy growth caused by gall midges (gall gnats, Cecidomyidae) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkClumps of white hair caused by gall midges (gall gnats, Cecidomyidae) on glasswort Salsola imbricata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkSaltwort (Salsola imbricata) south from Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) taken from Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkWoolly growth on glasswort (Salsola imbricata) caused by gall midges (gall gnats, Cecidomyidae) taken from Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) on roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkShoots of glasswort (Salsola imbricata)(?) taken from a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata)(?) taken from a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata)(?) in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkTwigs of Glasswort (Salsola imbricata)(?) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkYoung plant of glasswort (Salsola imbricata)(?) taken from roadside in Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkGlasswort (Salsola imbricata) taken from roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, May 27, 2016

33. Salsola soda L.

Common names: opposite-leaved saltwort, Persian seablite, Suaeda heteroptera, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica, Suaeda maritima

My notes: According to a recent publication, it should be called Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Salsola soda, more commonly known in English as opposite-leaved saltwort, oppositeleaf Russian thistle, or barilla plant, is a small (to 0.7 m tall), annual, succulent shrub that is native to the Mediterranean Basin. It is a halophyte (a salt-tolerant plant) that typically grows in coastal regions and can be irrigated with salt water.

LinkRed seedlings of Salsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on littoral of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkSalsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on sand of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkPurple tinged plants of Salsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on sand of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkReddish plants of Salsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on littoral of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 19, 2014
LinkClose up of Salsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 19, 2014
LinkPlant of Salsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkSalsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) with flowers or seeds on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 8, 2014
LinkFall colors of Salsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkSeedlings of Salsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 14, 2015
LinkSalsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on littoral of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, August 29, 2015
LinkSalsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkSalsola soda (Suaeda maritima, Suaeda iranshahrii var. arabica) on foreground on a beach of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, June 18, 2016

34. Salsola vermiculata L.

(Salsola chaudharyi, Salsola damascena, Salsola flavescens, Salsola hispanica, Salsola mandavillei, Salsola palaestinica, Salsola rigida, Salsola rodinii, Salsola tamariscifolia, Salsola villosa)

Common names: hamd, Woolly bassia

My notes: This name is taken from a book "The flora of Qatar" by Ekhlas M. M. Abdel Bary (Qatar University, 2012), but J. N. calls it S. villosa.

LinkSaltwort (Salsola vermiculata(?), local name hamd) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkShoot of Salsola vermiculata (local name hamd) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkSalsola vermiculata (local name hamd) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkSeedling of Salsola vermiculata (local name hamd) taken from area of ponds near the entrance of Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkSalt tolerant plant Salsola vermiculata(?) on windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

35. Seidlitzia rosmarinus Ehrenb. ex Boiss.

Common names: Julman, Salsola rosmarinus, shenan, Suaeda rosmarinus

LinkSeidlitzia rosmarinus (Salsola rosmarinus, Suaeda rosmarinus, local names shenan, Julman) on dunes near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkBushes of Seidlitzia rosmarinus (Salsola rosmarinus, Suaeda rosmarinus, local names shenan, Julman) on sand mounds near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkSeidlitzia rosmarinus (local names shenan, julman) on a sand mound near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkClose up of Seidlitzia rosmarinus in sand near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkSeidlitzia rosmarinus growing in sand near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkSeidlitzia rosmarinus in sand near Mesaieed, with Sealine Beach Resort in background. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkSeidlitzia rosmarinus emerging from sand near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkSeidlitzia rosmarinus growing on sand mounds near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed, view to north-west. Southern Qatar, July 10, 2015
LinkSand mounds (habitat of Seidlitzia rosmarinus) near Mesaieed, with Sealine Beach Resort in background, view to south-east. Southern Qatar, July 10, 2015
LinkSeidlitzia rosmarinus in sand near Mesaieed, view to north-west. Southern Qatar, July 10, 2015
LinkSeidlitzia rosmarinus growing on a sand mound near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, August 28, 2015
LinkSand mounds with plants of Seidlitzia rosmarinus at sunrise near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkWavy pattern of sand ripples and sand mounds with plants of Seidlitzia rosmarinus at sunrise near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkWavy sand ripples and low mounds with plants of Seidlitzia rosmarinus at sunrise near Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkSand mounds with Seidlitzia rosmarinus plants south from Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, May 27, 2016

36. Suaeda aegyptiaca (Hasselq.) Zohary

(Chenopodium aegyptiacum, Schanginia aegyptiaca)

Common names: Egyptean sea blite, guluman, hamd, Hatallus, ikhreet, juliman, seablite, Suaeda baccata, Suaeda hortensis, suweid

Extract from Wikipedia article: Suaeda aegyptiaca is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae (formerly classified under the Chenopodiaceae), and salt-tolerant plant (halophytes) that grow naturally in salt-affected areas of Iran.

LinkSalt tolerant succulent plant Suaeda aegyptiaca on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant succulent plant Suaeda aegyptiaca(?) taken from a beach near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, Suaeda hortensis, Suaeda baccata, Schanginia aegyptiaca, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, Suaeda hortensis, Suaeda baccata, Schanginia aegyptiaca, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) growing in silt in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca(?) with seeds on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant Suaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, Suaeda hortensis, Suaeda baccata, Schanginia aegyptiaca, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, Suaeda hortensis, Suaeda baccata, Schanginia aegyptiaca, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, Suaeda hortensis, Suaeda baccata, Schanginia aegyptiaca, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) taken from salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 21, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca and salt tolerant plants growing on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkLarge bush of Suaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 5, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca with flowers near village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais on northwest coast. Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkDying plant of Suaeda aegyptiaca(?) taken from a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkFlowers or fruits on a plant of Suaeda aegyptiaca(?) taken from a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca in bloom on wasteland near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkBlooming Suaeda aegyptiaca taken from wasteland near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkShoot of Suaeda aegyptiaca(?) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca(?) with small flowers on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkSeablite (Suaeda aegyptiaca(?)) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkThin leaved shoot of Suaeda aegyptiaca(?) taken from a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkThin leaved shoot of Suaeda aegyptiaca(?) with flowers taken from a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkThin leaved shoot of Suaeda aegyptiaca(?) grown in shade taken from a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkShoot of Suaeda aegyptiaca(?) on white background taken from a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkShoot of Suaeda aegyptiaca(?) on dark background taken from a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkLarge plant of Suaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkSuaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkHalf dried brownish plant of Suaeda aegyptiaca on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkPlant of Suaeda aegyptiaca near a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 30, 2016
LinkPlant of Suaeda aegyptiaca in sand south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkSalt tolerant plant Suaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, Suaeda hortensis, Suaeda baccata, Schanginia aegyptiaca, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkSalt tolerant plant Suaeda aegyptiaca (Chenopodium aegyptiacum, Suaeda hortensis, Suaeda baccata, Schanginia aegyptiaca, local names juliman, guluman, ikhreet, hamd) near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, June 10, 2016

37. Suaeda vermiculata Forssk. ex J. F. Gmel.

(Salsola mollis, Suaeda mollis, Suaeda monodiana)

Common names: Seablite, Suaeda friticosa, suwaid

LinkSeedling of Seablite (Suaeda vermiculata, local name suwaid) on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkClose up of Seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) on sand of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) at sunrise in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) taken from empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkClose up of a twig of Seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkSmall plant of Seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) among shells near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) taken from area of Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkTiny flowers of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkBig plant of Seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) on a beach in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkYoung plant of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkYoung shoot of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkBush of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkSeedling of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkShoot of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) with fruits near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkLarge bush of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkSalt tolerant plant of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near a small water channel on roadside between Al Khor and Ras Luffan. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkTwig of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) with fruits near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkClose up of a twig of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) with fruits near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkFemale flowers of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkBlooming seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkBlooming plant of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkBush of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) on roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra in Southern Qatar, July 10, 2015
LinkBranch of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) on roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Southern Qatar, July 10, 2015
LinkClose up of round-leaf variety of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) taken from roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Qatar, July 10, 2015
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) with round leaf variation on roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 17, 2015
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) on a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 28, 2015
LinkHighly succulent form of seablite (Suaeda vermiculata) in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) near sandstone cliffs on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, June 18, 2016
LinkSeablite (Suaeda vermiculata) on roadside of Dukhan Highway west from Khawzan. Qatar, June 24, 2016

38. Traganum nudatum Delile

(Traganum acuminatum)

Common names: dumran

My notes: Grows in sand at foot of sandstone hills and on slopes of the hills.

LinkBush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) on the slope of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkGrey bush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) on the slope of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkTwig of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) on the slope of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkShoots of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) on the slope of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkGreyish bush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) under limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPlant of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) on the slope of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkClose up of fruits of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkClose up of a twig with fruits of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkClose up of shoots of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkSucculent leaves of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkLeaves of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkLower view of a bush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) on sand near small hills in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkUpper view of a bush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkTwigs and fruits of a plant Traganum nudatum taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBranches of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) in sandy area below a hill in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkGreyish bush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) in sandy area below a hill in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkGreyish bush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) under limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkBush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) on a slope of a limestone hill in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkTraganum nudatum (local name dumran) on the slope of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, May 20, 2016
LinkBranches of Traganum nudatum with leaves taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, May 20, 2016
LinkAlmost dry bush of Traganum nudatum (local name dumran) under limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, June 25, 2016
LinkBush of Traganum nudatum on limestone rocks in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, June 25, 2016

V. Anacardiaceae    Sumac Family 

1. Mangifera indica L.

(Mangifera amba, Mangifera anisodora, Mangifera austro-yunnanensis, Mangifera domestica, Mangifera gladiata, Mangifera integrifolia, Mangifera kukula, Mangifera laurina, Mangifera linnaei, Mangifera maritima, Mangifera montana, Mangifera racemosa, Mangifera rostrata, Mangifera rubra, Mangifera sativa, Mangifera viridis)

Common names: mango tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Mangifera indica (Mangifera indica) is a species of mango in the Anacardiaceae family. It is found in the wild in India and cultivated varieties have been introduced to other warm regions of the world. It is the largest fruit-tree in the world, capable of a height of one-hundred feet and an average circumference of twelve to fourteen feet, sometimes reaching twenty. The species appears to have been domesticated in India at around 2000 BC. The species was brought to East Asia around 400-500 BCE from India; next, in the 15th century to the Philippines; and then, in the 16th century to Africa and Brazil by the Portuguese. The species was described for science by Linnaeus in 1753.

LinkDry rusty brown leaves and inflorescence of mango tree (Mangifera indica) on the ground near Al Muhandiseen Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkGlossy leaves of mango tree (Mangifera indica)(?) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkLeaves of mango tree (Mangifera indica) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkMango tree (Mangifera indica)(?) with brownish leaves in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2016

VI. Annonaceae    Custard-Apple Family 

1. Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites

(Guatteria longifolia, Unona longifolia, Uvaria altissima, Uvaria longifolia)

Common names: ashoka tree, mast tree, sorrowless tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Polyalthia longifolia (False Ashoka) is a lofty evergreen tree, native to India, commonly planted due to its effectiveness in alleviating noise pollution. It exhibits symmetrical pyramidal growth with willowy weeping pendulous branches and long narrow lanceolate leaves with undulate margins. The tree is known to grow over 30 ft in height.

LinkWillowy weeping pendulous branches of mast tree (Polyalthia longifolia) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkLong narrow lanceolate leaves with undulate margins of mast tree (Polyalthia longifolia) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkWillowy weeping pendulous branches of mast tree (Polyalthia longifolia) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkLong narrow lanceolate leaves of mast tree (Polyalthia longifolia) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015

VII. Apiaceae    Carrot Family 

1. Anethum graveolens L.

(Anethum sowa, Ferula marathrophylla, Peucedanum anethum, Peucedanum graveolens, Peucedanum sowa)

Common names: Dill, ein jarada, shabat

My notes: Difficult to distinguish it from Foeniculum vulgare.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Dill (Anethum graveolens) is an annual herb in the celery family Apiaceae. It is the sole species of the genus Anethum.

LinkDill (Anethum graveolens, local names ein jarada, shabat) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkSeeds of dill (Anethum graveolens, local names ein jarada, shabat) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkDill (Anethum graveolens, local names ein jarada, shabat) on roadside of Al Shamal Road. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkSeeds of dill (Anethum graveolens, local names ein jarada, shabat) on roadside of Al Shamal Road. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkParasols of dill (Anethum graveolens, local names ein jarada, shabat) on roadside of Al Shamal Road. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkDill (Anethum graveolens) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkDill (Anethum graveolens, local names ein jarada, shabat) on the periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFlowers of dill (Anethum graveolens, local names ein jarada, shabat) on the periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkDill (Anethum graveolens, local names ein jarada, shabat) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFlower of dill (Anethum graveolens, local names ein jarada, shabat) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkDried dill seeds (Suva, Anethum graveolens) in spice section in Souq Waqif (Old Market). Doha, Qatar, September 11, 2015

2. Apium graveolens L.

(Apium celleri, Apium decumbens, Apium integrilobum, Apium lobatum, Apium lusitanicum, Apium maritimum, Apium napaceum, Apium rapaceum, Apium vulgare, Celeri graveolens, Helosciadium ruta, Helosciadium rutaceum, Seseli graveolens, Sison ruta, Sison trifidum, Smyrnium laterale)

Common names: celery

My notes: Probably grown from a discarded celery root.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce) is a plant variety in the family Apiaceae, commonly used as a vegetable.

LinkCelery seeds (Apium graveolens) or may be Ajwain for sale in spice section in Souq Waqif (Old Market). Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2014
LinkCelery (Apium graveolens) on Al Khair Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2015
LinkLeaf of celery (Apium graveolens) on white background taken from Al Khair Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2015
LinkLeaf of celery (Apium graveolens) on dark background taken from Al Khair Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2015

3. Bupleurum semicompositum L.

(Bunium semicompositum, Bupleurum glaucum)

Common names: Grey Hare Ear

My notes: Was recognized on a picture showing flowers of Helianthemum.

LinkHelianthemum kahiricum on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit, with ribbed fruits on a small plant of Grey Hare's Ear (Bupleurum semicompositum) in background. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015

4. Coriandrum sativum L.

(Cuminum cyminum, Selinum coriandrum)

Common names: Chinese parsley, cilantro, coriander, dhania

Extract from Wikipedia article: Coriander (UK /ˌkɒrɪˈændə/; US /ˈkɔːriˌændər/ or /ˌkɔːriˈændər/; Coriandrum sativum), also known as cilantro (/sɪˈlɑːntroʊ/), Chinese parsley or dhania, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. Coriander is native to regions spanning from southern Europe and North Africa to southwestern Asia. It is a soft plant growing to 50 cm (20 in) tall. The leaves are variable in shape, broadly lobed at the base of the plant, and slender and feathery higher on the flowering stems. The flowers are borne in small umbels, white or very pale pink, asymmetrical, with the petals pointing away from the centre of the umbel longer (5–6 mm or 0.20–0.24 in) than those pointing toward it (only 1–3 mm or 0.039–0.118 in long). The fruit is a globular, dry schizocarp 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) in diameter. Although sometimes eaten alone, the seeds are often used as a spice or an added ingredient in other foods.

LinkCoriander (Coriandrum sativum) in a roadside vegetable garden near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkCoriander (Coriandrum sativum) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkCoriander (Coriandrum sativum) with white background taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkCoriander (Coriandrum sativum) on Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) on Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkBlooming coriander (Coriandrum sativum) on Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016

5. Daucus carota L.

(Carota sylvestris, Caucalis carnosa, Caucalis carota, Caucalis daucus, Daucus alatus, Daucus allionii, Daucus australis, Daucus blanchei, Daucus brevicaulis, Daucus communis, Daucus dentatus, Daucus esculentus, Daucus exiguus, Daucus glaber, Daucus heterophylus, Daucus kotovii, Daucus levis, Daucus marcidus, Daucus maritimus, Daucus montanus, Daucus neglectus, Daucus nudicaulis, Daucus officinalis, Daucus polygamus, Daucus scariosus, Daucus sciadophylus, Daucus strigosus, Daucus sylvestris, Daucus vulgaris)

Common names: carrot

My notes: It may be something different.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Daucus carota, whose common names include wild carrot, bird's nest, bishop's lace, and Queen Anne's lace (North America), is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate regions of Europe and southwest Asia, and naturalized to North America and Australia.

LinkCarrot plant (Daucus carota)(?) found behind Landmark Supermarket. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016

6. Foeniculum vulgare Mill.

(Anethum foeniculum, Anethum panmori, Anethum panmorium, Foeniculum capillaceum, Foeniculum foeniculum, Foeniculum officinale, Foeniculum panmorium, Ligusticum foeniculum, Meum foeniculum, Ozodia foeniculacea, Selinum foeniculum, Seseli foeniculum, Tenoria romana)

Common names: fennel, shamar

My notes: In comparison with Anethum graveolens, it is larger and has many stalks.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a flowering plant species in the carrot family. It is a hardy, perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves. It is indigenous to the shores of the Mediterranean but has become widely naturalized in many parts of the world, especially on dry soils near the sea-coast and on riverbanks.

LinkFennel seeds from India (Foeniculum vulgare) for sale in spice section in Souq Waqif (Old Market). Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2014
LinkFennel (Foeniculum vulgare)(?) in a garden in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkFlowers of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)(?) in a garden in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkGlobular plant of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) in a kitchen garden in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkFlowers of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) in a kitchen garden in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

VIII. Apocynaceae    Dogbane Family 

1. Calotropis procera

Common names: Asclepias procera, ashkhar, Giant Milkweed, mudar, osher, Sodom's Apple, stabragh, ushaar, ushar

My notes: Found only in Doha and in one place in desert west from Al-Ghuwayriyah (north-western Qatar).

Extract from Wikipedia article: Calotropis procera (known by the common names apple of Sodom, Sodom apple, mudar, or osher or stabragh) is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, that is native to North Africa, Tropical Africa, Western Asia, South Asia, and Indochina. It is commonly known as apple of Sodom, a name derived from the Hebrew Tapuah Sdom. The green globes are hollow but the flesh contains a toxic milky sap that is extremely bitter and turns into a gluey coating resistant to soap.

LinkFlowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) growing near entrance of Dar Al Salam Compound. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2012
LinkHoney bee on a flower of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2012
LinkBee on opening flower of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2012
LinkDense multiflowered inflorescence (umbellate cyme arising from the nodes and appearing axillary or terminal) of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2012
LinkDense multiflowered inflorescence of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2012
LinkBlooming branch with fruits (fleshy, inflated, subglobose follicle) of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2012
LinkPentamerous flowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2012
LinkSide lit flowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) taken from a plant growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2012
LinkClose up of a flower of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar), with 5-lobed calyx, taken from a plant growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2012
LinkInflorescence of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) taken from a plant growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2012
LinkDehisced seedpod (follicle) releasing seeds (silky white pappus) of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) growing from a wall of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2012
LinkAphids on flower buds of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 5, 2013
LinkBee flying from a flower of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 5, 2013
LinkInflorescence of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 5, 2013
LinkFlowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2013
LinkLadybug eating aphids on Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2013
LinkHoney bee on Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2013
LinkHoney bee on a flower of on Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2013
LinkOpening flowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2013
LinkHoney bee on a pistil of a flower of on Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2013
LinkClose up of honey bee on a pistil of a flower of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2013
LinkFlowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) with a hovering bee in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2013
LinkFlower of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) with a sitting bee in Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2013
LinkLadybug with half dead aphids on Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) near stone fence of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 26, 2013
LinkTwo ladybugs on a leaf of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) near stone fence of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 26, 2013
LinkHoney bee on a flower of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) near stone fence of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 26, 2013
LinkDehisced seedpod (follicle) releasing seeds (silky white pappus) of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) near stone fence of Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 26, 2013
LinkAlleyway near Umm Wishah Street with Sodom Apple tree (Calotropis procera), Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, May 24, 2013
LinkOld wooden door with a bush of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) at Hadramout Street, Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, June 1, 2013
LinkFlowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) between Dar Al Salam Compound and Haloul Street in Abu Hamour. Doha, Qatar, June 27, 2013
LinkClose up of flowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) between Dar Al Salam Compound and Haloul Street in Abu Hamour. Doha, Qatar, June 27, 2013
LinkMilkweed bugs on flowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) between Dar Al Salam Compound and Haloul Street in Abu Hamour. Doha, Qatar, June 27, 2013
LinkFlowers and fruits of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) between Dar Al Salam Compound and Haloul Street in Abu Hamour. Doha, Qatar, June 27, 2013
LinkHovering violet carpenter bee (Xylocopa violacea) near flowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) between Dar Al Salam Compound and Haloul Street in Abu Hamour. Doha, Qatar, June 27, 2013
LinkBlue carpenter bee (Xylocopa violacea) on flowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) between Dar Al Salam Compound and Haloul Street in Abu Hamour. Doha, Qatar, June 27, 2013
LinkRound golden brown swollen mummies of oleander aphid (milkweed aphid, Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe) killed by parasitic wasps Aphidius colemani on seed pods of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) collected near Dareen Tower in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 1, 2014
LinkSeeds of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) with tuft of fluff taken from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2014
LinkFluffy seeds of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) taken from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2014
LinkSodom Apple (Calotropis procera) on Zurara Bin Amir Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014
LinkSodom Apple (Calotropis procera) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkYellow leaf of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkFlowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 17, 2014
LinkSodom Apple (Calotropis procera) on roadside of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkDry flowers of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) littering the ground near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkFruits of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkSodom Apple (Calotropis procera) on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkSodom Apple (Calotropis procera) on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 19, 2015
LinkDry fruit of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) collected from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 6, 2016
LinkSmall plant of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) on roadside of a road to Al Dhabiya on north-western coast, Ash Shamal area. Qatar, June 17, 2016
LinkA tree of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) near a road to Al Dhabiya on north-western coast, Ash Shamal area. Qatar, June 17, 2016
LinkCorky bark of a tree of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) near a road to Al Dhabiya on north-western coast, Ash Shamal area. Qatar, June 17, 2016
LinkSolitary tree of Sodom Apple (Calotropis procera, local name ashkhar) in flat desert near a road to Al Dhabiya on north-western coast, Ash Shamal area. Qatar, June 17, 2016

2. Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A. DC.

(Arduina grandiflora, Arduina macrocarpa, Carissa africana, Carissa carandas, Carissa grandiflora, Carissa praetermissa, Jasminonerium africanum, Jasminonerium grandiflorum, Jasminonerium macrocarpum)

Common names: large num-num, natal plum

Extract from Wikipedia article: Carissa macrocarpa (Natal Plum), is a shrub native to South Africa, where it is commonly called the Large Num-Num. In Zulu, as well as in the Bantu tribes of Uganda, it is called amatungulu. In Afrikaans the fruit is called Noem-Noem.

LinkBush of natal plum (Carissa macrocarpa) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, April 3, 2015
LinkFlower of natal plum (Carissa macrocarpa) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkFruit of natal plum (Carissa macrocarpa) taken from Museum of Islamic Art. Doha, Qatar Park. Doha, Qatar, June 10, 2016

3. Cascabela thevetia (L.) H. Lippold

(Cascabela peruviana, Cerbera linearifolia, Cerbera peruviana, Cerbera thevetia, Thevetia linearis, Thevetia neriifolia, Thevetia peruviana, Thevetia thevetia)

Common names: lucky nut

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cascabela thevetia (syn: Thevetia peruviana) is a poisonous plant of central and southern Mexico and Central America. It is a relative of Nerium oleander, giving it a common name Yellow Oleander, and is also called lucky nut in the West Indies.

LinkLucky nut (Thevetia peruviana) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkLucky nut (Thevetia peruviana or may be nerifolia) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, April 3, 2015
LinkFruits of Lucky nut (Thevetia peruviana or may be nerifolia) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkLucky nut (Thevetia peruviana or may be nerifolia) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015

4. Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don

(Ammocallis rosea, Hottonia littoralis, Lachnea rosea, Lochnera rosea, Pervinca rosea, Vinca gulielmi-waldemarii, Vinca rosea, Vinca speciosa)

Common names: Vinca Vitesse Rose

Extract from Wikipedia article: Catharanthus roseus, commonly known as the Madagascar periwinkle or rosy periwinkle, is a species of Catharanthus native and endemic to Madagascar. Other English names occasionally used include Vinca, Cape periwinkle, rose periwinkle, rosy periwinkle, and "old-maid". It was formerly classified in the Vinca genus as Vinca rosea.

LinkVinca Vitesse Rose (Catharanthus roseus) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2015
LinkFlower of Vinca Vitesse Rose (Catharanthus roseus) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016

5. Cerbera odollam Gaertn.

(Cerbera dilatata, Cerbera forsteri, Cerbera lactaria, Excoecaria ovatifolia, Odollamia malabarica, Tanghinia lactaria, Tanghinia odollam)

Common names: othalanga, pong-pong, suicide tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cerbera odollam is a dicotyledonous angiosperm, a plant species in the Family Apocynaceae and commonly known as the suicide tree, pong-pong, and othalanga. It is a species native to India and other parts of southern Asia, growing preferentially in coastal salt swamps and in marshy areas but also grown as a hedge plant between home compounds. It yields a potent poison that has been used for suicide and murder.

LinkSuicide tree (Cerbera odollam) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016
LinkPink leaves of suicide tree (Cerbera odollam) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016
LinkLeaves of suicide tree (Cerbera odollam) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016

6. Glossonema varians (Stocks) Benth. ex Hook. f.

(Glossonema arabicum, Mastostigma varians, Odontanthera varians)

Common names: attar, Glossonema edule, jarawa, yarawa

LinkBlooming milkweed Glossonema varians with edible, softly spinous, fleshy follicles (jarawah, fruit). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkBlooming milkweed Glossonema varians in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkSeedling of milkweed Glossonema varians in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkBlooming desert plant Glossonema varians (Glossonema edule, local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlowers of a desert plant Glossonema varians (Glossonema edule, local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlowering desert plant Glossonema varians (Glossonema edule, local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlooming Glossonema varians (Glossonema edule, local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkLadybugs eating aphids feeding on Glossonema varians (Glossonema edule, local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians (Glossonema edule, local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBlooming milkweed Glossonema varians (Glossonema edule, local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkSeed pods of milkweed Glossonema varians (local names jarawa, yarawa) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians (Glossonema edule, local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkBlooming milkweed Glossonema varians (local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkYoung plant of milkweed Glossonema varians (local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians (local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) in sand on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkYoung plant of Glossonema varians emerging from sand in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 13, 2015
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians in sand in Al Ghariya on north-western coast, view from south. Qatar, July 3, 2015
LinkBlooming milkweed Glossonema varians in Al Ghariya on north-western coast, view from south. Qatar, July 3, 2015
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians in a runnel near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians (local names attar, jarawa, yarawa) with flowers on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkMilkweed Glossonema varians on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016

7. Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forssk.) Decne.

(Cynanchum pyrotechnicum, Gymnema spartium, Leptadenia gracilis, Leptadenia jacquemontiana, Leptadenia spartium, Microloma angustifolium, Microloma pyrotechnicum, Periploca pyrotechnica, Sarcostemma pyrotechnicum)

Common names: Broom bush, burning bush, Khip, Marakh, Shajarat al Nar, Shajaret al baroud

Extract from Wikipedia article: Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Hindi:खींप, Punjabiਖਿੱਪ) is the botanical name of a desert herb of the family Asclepiadaceae. It is widespread from Senegal to India. It is known as khimp in Hindi and Urdu,"Khipp" in Punjabi.

LinkStar shaped flowers of Leptadenia pyrotechnica on the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBush of Leptadenia pyrotechnica on the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBlooming bush of Leptadenia pyrotechnica on the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFlowers of Leptadenia pyrotechnica on the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFlowers of Leptadenia pyrotechnica taken from area of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFlowers of Leptadenia pyrotechnica taken from roadside of a road to Zubara in northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkSand mound with Leptadenia pyrotechnica in Traina Sinkhole (karst depression) AOI 2 north-west of Khor Al Adaid. Southern Qatar, January 23, 2015
LinkBush of Leptadenia pyrotechnica with fruits near Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkFruits of Leptadenia pyrotechnica taken from periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkBush of Leptadenia pyrotechnica from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkFruits of Leptadenia pyrotechnica on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkPlant of Leptadenia pyrotechnica in windblown sand on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016
LinkFluffy seeds of Leptadenia pyrotechnica taken from roadside of Salwa Road in Southern Qatar, June 10, 2016

8. Nerium oleander oleander L.

(Nerion oleandrum, Nerium carneum, Nerium floridum, Nerium grandiflorum, Nerium japonicum, Nerium lauriforme, Nerium odoratissimum, Nerium splendens, Oleander vulgaris)

Common names: common oleander, daphla, haban, Nerium mascatense, ward el-homar

Extract from Wikipedia article: Nerium oleander /ˈnɪəriəm ˈoʊliː.ændər/(Tamil:அறளி பூ/Alari pū) is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the dogbane family Apocynaceae, toxic in all its parts. It is the only species currently classified in the genus Nerium. It is most commonly known as oleander, from its superficial resemblance to the unrelated olive Olea. It is so widely cultivated that no precise region of origin has been identified, though southwest Asia has been suggested. The ancient city of Volubilis in Morocco may have taken its name from the Berber name oualilt for the flower. Oleander is one of the most poisonous of commonly grown garden plants.

LinkFlowers of Nerium oleander near Majlis Al Taawon Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 19, 2014
LinkDry bush of Nerium oleander on old roundabout near Al Dhabiya on north-western coast, Ash Shamal area. Qatar, June 17, 2016
LinkGreen branch of Nerium oleander with fruits on old roundabout near Al Dhabiya on north-western coast, Ash Shamal area. Qatar, June 17, 2016

9. Plumeria alba L.

(Plumeria hypoleuca, Plumeria revolutifolia)

Common names: jasmine Hindi, pagoda tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Plumeria alba is a species of the genus Plumeria (Apocynaceae). This 2-8m evergreen shrub has narrow elongated leaves, large and strongly perfumed white flowers with a yellow center. Native from Central America and the Caribbean, it is now common and naturalized in southern and southeastern Asia.

LinkPagoda tree (Plumeria alba) near Dunes Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkPagoda tree (Plumeria alba) in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkFlower of Pagoda tree (Plumeria alba) in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkPagoda tree (Plumeria alba) in area of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 12, 2014
LinkFlowers of Pagoda tree (Plumeria alba) in a small park in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkBlooming Pagoda tree (Plumeria alba) in a small park in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkPagoda tree (Plumeria alba) in a small park in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkPagoda tree (Plumeria alba) on Al Khair Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2015
LinkPagoda tree (Plumeria alba) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2016
LinkPagoda tree (Plumeria alba) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 6, 2016

10. Plumeria obtusa L.

(Plumeria apiculata, Plumeria bahamensis, Plumeria barahonensis, Plumeria beatensis, Plumeria bicolor, Plumeria cayensis, Plumeria clusioides, Plumeria confusa, Plumeria cubensis, Plumeria cuneifolia, Plumeria dictyophylla, Plumeria ekmanii, Plumeria emarginata, Plumeria estrellensis, Plumeria inaguensis, Plumeria jamaicensis, Plumeria krugii, Plumeria marchii, Plumeria montana, Plumeria nipensis, Plumeria nivea, Plumeria ostenfeldii, Plumeria parvifolia, Plumeria portoricensis, Plumeria tenorei, Plumeria venosa, Plumeria versicolor)

Common names: Singapore Plumeria

Extract from Wikipedia article: Plumeria obtusa, the Singapore graveyard flower, is a species of the genus Plumeria (Apocynaceae). It is native to the West Indies including Bahamas; southern Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Florida. but widely cultivated for its ornamental and fragrant flowers around the world, where suitably warm climate exists. It is reportedly naturalized in China.

LinkSingapore Plumeria Dwarf Singapore Pink (Plumeria obtusa) planted in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016

11. Plumeria pudica Jacq.

(Plumeria caracasana, Plumeria cochleata)

Common names: bridal bouquet, fiddle leaf Plumeria

Extract from Wikipedia article: Plumeria pudica is a species of the genus Plumeria (Apocynaceae), native to Panama, Colombia and Venezuela. This profuse bloomer has unusual spoon-shaped leaves, and its flowers are white with a yellow center.

LinkWhite flowers of Fiddle Leaf Plumeria (Plumeria pudica) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016

IX. Asphodelaceae 

1. Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav.

(Anthericum annuum, Asphodelus bornmuelleri, Asphodelus canariensis, Asphodelus clavatus, Asphodelus clavosus, Asphodelus fistulosus, Asphodelus maroccanus, Asphodelus microcarpus, Asphodelus serrulatifolius, Asphodelus serrulatus, Ornithogalum flavum, Verinea tenuifolia)

Common names: Barwaq, brough, Narrow-leaved asphodel, unsul

Extract from Wikipedia article: Asphodelus tenuifolius is a common weed of fields particularly of wheat fields in Punjab, Pakistan. It also grows in Egypt and in the Sinai peninsula. It has a fibrous root system. It is also known as wild onion or "jungli piyaz" in the vernaculars.

LinkNarrow-leaved asphodel (Asphodelus tenuifolius, local name Bwraq or barwaq) in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, February 13, 2010
LinkTiny fruits (globose-ovoid capsules) of small asphodel lily Asphodelus tenuifolius. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkNarrow-leaved asphodel (Asphodelus tenuifolius, local name Bwraq or barwaq) on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkNarrow-leaved asphodel (Asphodelus tenuifolius, local name Bwraq or barwaq) on roadside of a road to Zubara, north-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkNarrow-leaved asphodel (Asphodelus tenuifolius, local name barwaq) from a roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkClose up of leaves of onionweed (Asphodelus tenuifolius) in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkRosette of leaves of onionweed (Asphodelus tenuifolius) in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkOnionweed (Asphodelus tenuifolius) with flower buds on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkBlooming onionweed (Asphodelus tenuifolius) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkOnionweed (Asphodelus tenuifolius) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkOnionweed (Asphodelus tenuifolius) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016

X. Asteraceae    Daisy Family 

1. Aaronsohnia factorovskyi Warb. & Eig

My notes: Could be either A. factorovskyi or Tripleurospermum auriculatum (J. N.).

LinkYellow flower of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkAster like yellow flower of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkSmall yellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkYellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi or may be Tripleurospermum near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkSmall yellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi or may be Tripleurospermum in sand near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkAaronsohnia factorovskyi or may be Tripleurospermum in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi or may be Tripleurospermum in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFlowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi or may be Tripleurospermum in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAaronsohnia factorovskyi(?) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkGreen Metallic Bee (Agapostemon) on yellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi(?) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi(?) with Green Metallic Bee (Agapostemon) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi or may be Tripleurospermum on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi or may be Tripleurospermum in silty depression on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2016
LinkClose up of yellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkFlowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi on long stalks in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkClose up of yellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi in a small runnel in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkSmall yellow flowers of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi in a depression in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016

2. Atractylis carduus (Forssk.) C.Chr.

(Atractylis candida, Atractylis citrina, Atractylis flava, Centaurea carduus)

Common names: jalwa, laymoni, lumi al barr, shuweikh, shuwwaykh, White Thistle, Yellow distaff-thistle

LinkYellow distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) in desert of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkYellow distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkYellow distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) near a road north from Ash Shahaniyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkDistaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkYellow distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) in a small wadi near Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkFluffy seeds of distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkDry plant of distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus) with fluffy seeds on a roadside near Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkDistaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkFluffy seeds of Distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkYellow distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkDistaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) with a flower bud in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkClose up of a flower bud of distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus) in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkDistaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkFlower of distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) taken from a roadside of Salwa Highway. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkCrashed flower of distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) taken from a roadside of Salwa Highway. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkDistaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) on a gravel plane near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkDry plant of distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus) near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, May 27, 2016
LinkDry plant of distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus) with fluffy seeds near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, May 27, 2016
LinkFluffy seeds of distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus) taken from roadside near Mesaieed. Qatar, May 27, 2016
LinkFluffy seed head of distaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) in a depression near Film City north from Zekreet in Ras Abrouq Peninsula. Qatar, June 24, 2016
LinkDistaff-thistle (Atractylis carduus, local names jalwa, laymoony, shuwwaykh) with fruits in a depression near Film City north from Zekreet in Ras Abrouq Peninsula. Qatar, June 24, 2016

3. Bidens pilosa L.

(Bidens abadiae, Bidens abortiva, Bidens adhaerescens, Bidens africana, Bidens alausensis, Bidens alba, Bidens arenaria, Bidens arenicola, Bidens aurantiaca, Bidens barrancae, Bidens bimucronata, Bidens bonplandii, Bidens brachycarpa, Bidens bullata, Bidens calcicola, Bidens californica, Bidens cannabina, Bidens caracasana, Bidens caucalidea, Bidens cernua, Bidens chilensis, Bidens ciliata, Bidens coronata, Bidens daucifolia, Bidens deamii, Bidens decussata, Bidens dichotoma, Bidens effusa, Bidens exaristata, Bidens fastigiata, Bidens heterodoxa, Bidens hirsuta, Bidens hirta, Bidens hispida, Bidens hybrida, Bidens inermis, Bidens leucantha, Bidens leucanthema, Bidens leucorrhiza, Bidens minor, Bidens minuscula, Bidens montaubani, Bidens multifida, Bidens odorata, Bidens orendainae, Bidens orientalis, Bidens oxyodonta, Bidens paleacea, Bidens pinnata, Bidens ramosissima, Bidens reflexa, Bidens rosea, Bidens scandicina, Bidens striata, Bidens sundaica, Bidens taquetii, Bidens trifida, Bidens trifoliata, Bidens tripartita, Bidens valparadisiaca, Bidens viciosoi, Bidens wallichii, Ceratocephalus pilosus, Coreopsis alba, Coreopsis coronata, Coreopsis corymbifolia, Coreopsis ferulifolia, Coreopsis leucantha, Coreopsis leucanthema, Coreopsis leucorrhiza, Coreopsis multifida, Coreopsis odorata, Coreopsis odoratissima, Cosmea pilosa, Cosmea tenella, Cosmos pilosus, Cosmos pinnatus, Cosmos tenellus, Glossogyne chinensis, Kerneria dubia, Kerneria leucantha, Kerneria pilosa, Kerneria tetragona)

Common names: hairy beggarticks, Spanish Needle

My notes: Found only in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms, in central area of the circles.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Bidens pilosa is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. It is native to the Americas but it is known widely as an introduced species of other regions, including Asia and the Pacific Islands. Its many common names include black-jack, beggar-ticks, cobbler's pegs, and Spanish needle.

LinkSpanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) in wet area on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkClose up of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkFruits of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkLeaf of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkPlant of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkFlowers and fruits of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkSpanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFlower of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFlower and fruits of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkGrowth of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) in wet spot on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFruits of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkPlant of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkBlooming plants of Spanish Needle (Bidens pilosa) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkFlower buds of Spanish needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkSeed head of Spanish needle (Bidens pilosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015

4. Brachyglottis greyi (Hook.f.) B.Nord.

(Senecio greyi)

Common names: daisy bush

My notes: Self-sown plants occur in gardens of Qatar University.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Brachyglottis greyi, also called Senecio greyi, with the common name daisy bush is a member of the large Asteraceae family and belongs to the genus Brachyglottis or the genus Senecio depending on which authority is being followed, an endemic native of New Zealand and lately getting positive attention from gardeners.

LinkFlower of daisy bush (Brachyglottis greyi) planted near student dorms in Education City. Doha, Qatar, February 5, 2015
LinkSilvery leaves of daisy bush (Brachyglottis greyi) planted near student dorms in Education City. Doha, Qatar, February 5, 2015
LinkSelf-sown daisy bush (Brachyglottis greyi) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, March 23, 2016
LinkBlooming daisy bush (Brachyglottis greyi) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, March 23, 2016
LinkDaisy bushes (Brachyglottis greyi) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016
LinkSelf-sown daisy bush (Brachyglottis greyi) in a wadi in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016

5. Calendula arvensis (Vaill.) L.

(Calendula aegyptiaca, Calendula alata, Calendula bicolor, Calendula brachyglossa, Calendula byzantina, Calendula ceratosperma, Calendula cristagalli, Calendula echinata, Calendula gracilis, Calendula karakalensis, Calendula macroptera, Calendula malacitana, Calendula malvaecarpa, Calendula micrantha, Calendula parviflora, Calendula persica, Calendula platycarpa, Calendula repanda, Calendula sancta, Calendula sicula, Calendula sinuata, Calendula stellata, Calendula subinermis, Calendula sublanata, Calendula sylvestris, Calendula undulata, Caltha arvensis, Caltha graveolens)

Common names: Field Marigold, hanwa

Extract from Wikipedia article: Calendula arvensis is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name field marigold. It is native to central and southern Europe, and it is known across the globe as an introduced species. It is an annual herb not generally exceeding 15 centimeters in height. The leaves are lance-shaped and borne on petioles from the slender, hairy stem. The inflorescence is a single flower head up to 4 centimeters wide with bright yellow to yellow-orange ray florets around a center of yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene which can take any of three shapes, including ring-shaped, that facilitate different methods of dispersal.

LinkField Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) growing in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkFlowers and seeds of Field Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkFlowers of Field Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkSeeds with flowers of Field Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkField Marigold (Calendula arvensis, local name hanwa) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkSeeds of Field Marigold (Calendula arvensis) taken from roadside near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkFlower and seeds of Field Marigold (Calendula arvensis) taken from roadside near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkField Marigold (Calendula arvensis, local name hanwa) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkField Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on a roadside near Zubara. North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkBlooming Field Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on a roadside near Zubara. North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkFlowers of Field Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on a roadside near Zubara. North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkPlant of Field Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on a roadside near Zubara. North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkField Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkFlowers of field Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkPlant of field Marigold (Calendula arvensis, Calendula micrantha, local name hanwa) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016

6. Centaurea sinaica DC.

(Calcitrapa sinaica, Centaurea procurrens, Centaurea pseudosinaica)

Common names: Amberboa crupioides, birkan, murrar

LinkFlower bud of Centaurea sinaica (Centaurea pseudosinaica, Amberboa crupioides, local names birkan, murrar) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkBlooming Centaurea sinaica (Centaurea pseudosinaica, Amberboa crupioides, local names birkan, murrar) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkCentaurea sinaica (local names birkan, murrar) with seeds and flowers on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkCentaurea sinaica (local names birkan, murrar) with seeds on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkAlmost dry Centaurea sinaica (local names birkan, murrar) with seeds on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkCentaurea sinaica (local names birkan, murrar) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkCentaurea sinaica in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkThorny plant of Centaurea sinaica (Centaurea pseudosinaica, Amberboa crupioides, local names birkan, murrar) in windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSmall blooming plant of Centaurea sinaica (local names birkan, murrar) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkCentaurea sinaica (local names birkan, murrar) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkCentaurea sinaica (local names birkan, murrar) in windblown sand near Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkCentaurea sinaica (local names birkan, murrar) on roadside in Al Ameria near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016

7. Cichorium pumilum Jacq.

(Cichorium ambiguum, Cichorium dichotomum, Cichorium divaricatum, Cichorium endivia, Cichorium glandulosum, Cichorium intybus, Cichorium minimum, Cichorium nanum, Cichorium noeanum, Cichorium polystachyum)

Common names: chicory, wild endive

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cichorium pumilum (Wild Endive) is a Mediterranean species of plant in the dandelion tribe within the sunflower family . Like the two other species of Cichorium, its leaves are edible by humans. The plant produces bluish-violet flower heads and fleshy taproots.

LinkChicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkPlant of chicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkFlowers of chicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkClose up of chicory flowers (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkBlue flowers of chicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkChicory plant (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkBlooming chicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkChicory (Cichorium pumilum) with blue flowers on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkPlants of chicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkSmall plant of chicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkFlowers of chicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of chicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkSmall blooming plant of chicory (Cichorium pumilum) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkChicory (Cichorium pumilum) in flower on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016

8. Thymophylla tenuiloba (DC.) Small

(Dyssodia tenuiloba, Hymenatherum tenuilobum)

Common names: Dahlberg daisy, golden fleece

My notes: Sometimes grows self-sown on sidewalks.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Thymophylla tenuiloba, also known as the Dahlberg daisy, small bristleleaf pricklyleaf, golden fleece, or shooting star is a bushy, multi-branched flowering annual from the family Asteraceae. Native to south central Texas and northern Mexico, it produces a large number of small, yellow flowers and demonstrates a trailing habit. It is tolerant of heat and dry conditions and is sometimes sold as a summertime annual plant in areas beyond its native range.

LinkDahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) on Al Jihad Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 9, 2015
LinkFlower of Dahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) on Al Jihad Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 9, 2015
LinkBack side of a flower of Dahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) on Al Jihad Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 9, 2015
LinkFlower and leaves of Dahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) taken from Al Jihad Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 9, 2015
LinkClose up of a flower of Dahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) taken from Al Jihad Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 9, 2015
LinkYellow flower of Dahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) taken from Al Jihad Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 9, 2015
LinkSeeds and a flower of Dahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) taken from Al Jihad Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 9, 2015
LinkDahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) in cracks of sidewalk pavement on Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkFlowers of Dahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) on Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkDahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) grown as weed among purslane plants on Corniche promenade. Doha, Qatar, June 18, 2015
LinkDahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016
LinkSelf-sown plants of Dahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) on gravel in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016
LinkDense cluster of Dahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016
LinkDahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkDahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) blooming in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkDahlberg daisy (Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba) on sidewalk of Meshrif Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016

9. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.

(Acmella lanceolata, Amellus carolinianus, Anthemis abyssinica, Anthemis bornmuelleri, Anthemis cotula, Anthemis cotula-foetida, Anthemis cotuloides, Anthemis galilaea, Anthemis sulphurea, Anthemis viridis, Artemisia viridis, Bellis racemosa, Bellis ramosa, Buphthalmum diffusum, Chamaemelum foetidum, Cotula alba, Cotula oederi, Cotula prostrata, Eclipta adpressa, Eclipta alba, Eclipta angustifolia, Eclipta arabica, Eclipta brachypoda, Eclipta ciliata, Eclipta dentata, Eclipta dichotoma, Eclipta dubia, Eclipta erecta, Eclipta flexuosa, Eclipta heterophylla, Eclipta hirsuta, Eclipta linearis, Eclipta longifolia, Eclipta marginata, Eclipta nutans, Eclipta oederi, Eclipta palustris, Eclipta parviflora, Eclipta patula, Eclipta philippinensis, Eclipta procumbens, Eclipta pumila, Eclipta punctata, Eclipta simplex, Eclipta spicata, Eclipta strumosa, Eclipta sulcata, Eclipta thermalis, Eclipta tinctoria, Eclipta undulata, Eclipta zippeliana, Ecliptica alba, Eleutheranthera prostrata, Eupatoriophalacron album, Galinsoga oblonga, Galinsoga oblongifolia, Grangea lanceolata, Micrelium tolak, Paleista brachypoda, Polygyne inconspicua, Spilanthes pseudo-acmella, Verbesina alba, Verbesina conyzoides, Verbesina prostrata, Verbesina pseudoacmella, Wedelia psammophila, Wilborgia oblongifolia)

Common names: False Daisy, Yerba de Tajo

Extract from Wikipedia article: Eclipta prostrata (syn. Eclipta alba) commonly known as false daisy, yerba de tago, and bhringraj, is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae.

LinkFalse Daisy (Eclipta prostrata) near entrance of City Center Mall in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 22, 2014
LinkFlower of False Daisy (Eclipta prostrata) near entrance of City Center Mall in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 22, 2014
LinkYerba de Tajo (Eclipta prostrata) on the perimeter of a round lawn to the right from entrance of City Center Mall in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2014
LinkFalse daisy (Eclipta prostrata) on the perimeter of a round lawn to the right from entrance of City Center Mall in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2014
LinkFalse daisy (Eclipta prostrata) with a flower and seeds on the perimeter of a round lawn to the right from entrance of City Center Mall in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2014
LinkBlooming false daisy (Eclipta prostrata) on the perimeter of a round lawn to the right from entrance of City Center Mall in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2014

10. Erigeron bonariensis L.

(Aster ambiguus, Conyza ambigua, Conyza bonariensis, Conyza chenopodioides, Conyza crispa, Conyza gracilis, Conyza hispida, Conyza leucodasys, Conyza linearis, Conyza linifolia, Conyza plebeja, Conyza rufescens, Conyza sinuata, Conyza sordescens, Conyzella linifolia, Dimorphanthes ambigua, Dimorphanthes angustifolia, Dimorphanthes crispa, Dimorphanthes hispida, Dimorphanthes linifolia, Erigeron albidum, Erigeron ambiguus, Erigeron canadensis, Erigeron coranopifolius, Erigeron crispus, Erigeron gusalakensis, Erigeron linearifolius, Erigeron linifolius, Erigeron looseri, Erigeron sordidus, Erigeron transsilvanicus, Erigeron undulatus, Eschenbachia ambigua, Leptilon bonariense, Leptilon linifolium, Marsea bonariensis, Pulicaria gracilis, Pulicaria rufescens)

Common names: Fleabane Daisy

LinkFlower buds of Fleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) taken from Education City. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2014
LinkPlant of Fleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) taken from Education City. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2014
LinkFleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) taken from area of Dunes Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2014
LinkFlowers of Fleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) taken from area of Dunes Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2014
LinkClose up of Fleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) taken from area of Dunes Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2014
LinkFlowers of Fleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) taken from Meshrif Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2014
LinkFleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) found near Ezdan Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkDry seeds of fleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkCaterpillar feeding on flowers of fleabane daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkYellow and black caterpillar feeding on flowers of fleabane daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) with flowers in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkFleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) with fluffy seeds in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkFlowers of fleabane Daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) taken from a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkSeed heads of fleabane daisy (Erigeron bonariensis, Conyza bonariensis) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015

11. Filago desertorum Pomel

(Filago germanica, Filago spathulata)

Common names: alj al barr, alj al ghazal, gutaina, Quteyna

My notes: Plants found near Ziziphus bushes in Al Mardiya - Wasit area look similar to Filago prolifera from a book "The flora of Qatar" by Ekhlas M. M. Abdel Bary (Qatar University, 2012).

LinkBlooming Filago desertorum (local name quTeyna) in desert of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkFilago desertorum (local name quTeyna) in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFilago desertorum (local name quTeyna) with flowers in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFilago desertorum (local name quTeyna) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFilago desertorum (local name quTeyna) growing in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkDesert plant Filago desertorum (local name quTeyna) growing in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkWoolly desert plant Filago desertorum (local name quTeyna) growing in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFilago desertorum (local name quTeyna) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkDesert plant Filago desertorum (local name quTeyna) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFilago desertorum (local name quTeyna) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFilago desertorum (local name quTeyna) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkPigmy cudweed Filago desertorum or may be F. prolifera found under Ziziphus bush in Al Mardiya - Wasit area. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016

12. Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.) C.Mohr

(Brotera contrayerba, Brotera sprengelii, Brotera trinervata, Broteroa trinervata, Eupatorium chilense, Flaveria repanda, Flaveria trinervata, Oedera trinervia)

Common names: clustered yellowtop

My notes: Found only in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Flaveria trinervia is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name clustered yellowtops. It is native to parts of the Americas, including the southeastern and southwestern United States, most of Mexico, and parts of the Caribbean, but it is known in many other places as an introduced species and often a noxious weed, such as in Hawaii. It grows easily in many types of wet habitat, including saline and alkaline soils and highly disturbed habitat. This is an annual herb growing erect and known to exceed two meters in maximum height. The lance-shaped to oval leaves are each up to 15 centimeters long and arranged oppositely in pairs around the stem, their bases sometimes fused together. The edges of the leaves generally have tiny widely spaced teeth. The inflorescence is a large dense cluster of many flower heads, sometimes over 300 in one cluster. Each flower head is either radiate, bearing one single yellowish ray floret, or discoid, bearing one or two smaller disc florets.

LinkClustered yellowtop (Flaveria trinervia) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkClustered yellowtop (Flaveria trinervia) with sky as background on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkLeaf venation of clustered yellowtop (Flaveria trinervia) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFlowers of clustered yellowtop (Flaveria trinervia) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkClustered yellowtop (Flaveria trinervia) with yellow flowers on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkStink bug on Clustered yellowtop (Flaveria trinervia) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkPlant of clustered yellowtop (Flaveria trinervia) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkClustered yellowtop (Flaveria trinervia) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkClustered yellowtop (Flaveria trinervia) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015

13. Gaillardia pulchella Foug.

(Calonnea pulcherrima, Gaillardia bicolor, Gaillardia drummondii, Gaillardia lobata, Gaillardia neomexicana, Gaillardia picta, Gaillardia scabrosa, Gaillardia villosa, Galordia alternifolia)

Common names: firewheel, Indian blanket flower

My notes: Ornamental plant.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Gaillardia pulchella (firewheel, Indian blanket, Indian blanketflower, Indian paintbrush, or sundance), is a North American species of short-lived perennial or annual flowering plants in the sunflower family. It is native to northern Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sonora, Tamaulipas) and the southern and central United States from Arizona east to Florida and the Carolinas and north as far as Nebraska. It is also naturalized in scattered locations in other parts of the United States as well as in Québec, Ontario, China, South Africa, and parts of South and Central America.

LinkFirewheel flower (Gaillardia pulchella) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, August 22, 2015
LinkFirewheel flowers (Gaillardia pulchella) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015
LinkGlobular seed head of firewheel flower (Gaillardia pulchella) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015
LinkFirewheel flower (Gaillardia pulchella) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015

14. Gnaphalium pensylvanicum Willd.

(Filago germanica, Gamochaeta pensylvanica, Gnaphalium chinense, Gnaphalium peregrinum, Gnaphalium purpureum)

Common names: Pennsylvania Everlasting, Wandering Cudweed

LinkCudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum) on Al Jood Street near corner with Saha 16 in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2015
LinkWandering cudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gamochaeta pensylvanica) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 10, 2015
LinkClose up of Wandering cudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gamochaeta pensylvanica) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 10, 2015
LinkFlowers of wandering cudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gamochaeta pensylvanica) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2015
LinkWilted plant of wandering cudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gamochaeta pensylvanica) taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkWandering cudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gamochaeta pensylvanica) taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 25, 2015
LinkWandering cudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gamochaeta pensylvanica) taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2016
LinkWandering cudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gamochaeta pensylvanica) on white background taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2016
LinkClose up of wandering cudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gamochaeta pensylvanica) taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2016
LinkCudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016
LinkFlowers of cudweed (Gnaphalium pensylvanicum) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016

15. Gymnarrhena micrantha Desf.

(Cryptadia euphratensis, Gymnarrhena balansae)

Common names: Camel's Eye, Dog's paw

Extract from Wikipedia article: Gymnarrhena micrantha is a common African plant in the Composite family. It is said to resemble an octopus, or the unrelated plant Welwitschia, and can live for 100 years.

LinkDog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Dog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBasal rosette of Dog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBasal rosette emerging from sand of Dog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBasal rosette with flowers of Dog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkDog's Paw plant (Gymnarrhena micrantha) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Dog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkHabitat of Dog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) in stony desert in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh) in south-western Qatar, March 11, 2016
LinkDog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) in stony desert in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh) in south-western Qatar, March 11, 2016
LinkDog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkFruits of Dog's Paw plant (Camel's Eye, Gymnarrhena micrantha) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016

16. Helianthus annuus L.

(Helianthus aridus, Helianthus indicus, Helianthus jaegeri, Helianthus lenticularis, Helianthus macrocarpus, Helianthus multiflorus, Helianthus ovatus, Helianthus platycephalus, Helianthus tubaeformis)

Common names: common sunflower

Extract from Wikipedia article: Helianthus annuus, the common sunflower, is a large annual forb of the genus Helianthus grown as a crop for its edible oil and edible fruits (sunflower seeds). This sunflower species is also used as bird food, as livestock forage (as a meal or a silage plant), and in some industrial applications. The plant was first domesticated in the Americas. Wild Helianthus annuus is a widely branched annual plant with many flower heads. The domestic sunflower, however, often possesses only a single large inflorescence (flower head) atop an unbranched stem. The name sunflower may derive from the flower's head's shape, which resembles the sun, or from the false impression that the blooming plant appears to slowly turn its flower towards the sun as the latter moves across the sky on a daily basis.

LinkCommon sunflower (Helianthus annuus) on roadside near Twar Mall in Um Lekhba neighborhood. Doha, Qatar, February 29, 2016
LinkBlooming common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) on roadside near Twar Mall in Um Lekhba neighborhood. Doha, Qatar, February 29, 2016
LinkFlower head of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) on roadside near Twar Mall in Um Lekhba neighborhood. Doha, Qatar, February 29, 2016
LinkCommon sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016
LinkBlooming common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016
LinkDisk flowers of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016
LinkYellow flower of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016

17. Ifloga spicata (Forssk.) Sch.Bip.

(Chrysocoma spicata, Gnaphalium aegyptiacum, Gnaphalium ammophilum, Gnaphalium cauliflorum, Gnaphalium chrysocoma, Gnaphalium spicatum, Ifloga fontanesii, Trichogyne cauliflora)

Common names: alj al anza, alj al ghazal, Hasaj, shajaret al anz

My notes: In a book "The flora of Qatar" by Ekhlas M. M. Abdel Bary (Qatar University, 2012), picture of this plant was placed under the name Agriophyllum minus.

LinkIfloga spicata(?) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkPlant of Ifloga spicata in sand south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkPlant of Ifloga spicata on roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkDry plant of Ifloga spicata near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

18. Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden

(Cineraria acanthifolia, Cineraria calvescens, Cineraria canadensis, Cineraria ceratophylla, Cineraria maritima, Othonna maritima, Senecio bicolor, Senecio cineraria, Senecio coronopifolius, Senecio gibbosus, Senecio ginesii, Senecio maritimus)

Common names: dusty miller, silver ragwort

Extract from Wikipedia article: Jacobaea maritima (silver ragwort) (formerly known as Senecio cineraria) is a perennial plant species in the genus Jacobaea in the family Asteraceae, native to the Mediterranean region. It was formerly placed in the genus Senecio, and is still widely referred to as Senecio cineraria; see the list of synonyms (right) for other names.

LinkSilver ragwort (dusty miller, Senecio cineraria, Jacobaea maritima) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016
LinkSilver ragwort (dusty miller, Senecio cineraria, Jacobaea maritima) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016

19. Koelpinia linearis Pall.

(Koelpinia latifolia, Lapsana koelpinia, Rhagadiolus koelpinia)

Common names: Goat's Beard, lahiat al-tais

LinkRare plant Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkGround view of a plant Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkRare plant Koelpinia linearis near sand fence on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkUpper view of a plant Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkRare plant Koelpinia linearis with fruits in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkBack lit plant Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkFlower and fruits of a rare plant Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkClaw shaped seed pods of Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkBrownish claw shaped seed pod of Goat's beard plant (Koelpinia linearis) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSmall yellow flower of a plant Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkNarrow leaves of a plant Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkBranch with fruits of a plant Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSeed head of a plant Koelpinia linearis with red ticks(?) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSeed head and a flower of a plant Koelpinia linearis on white background in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSeed head and a flower of a plant Koelpinia linearis of dandelion family in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkRare plant Koelpinia linearis with seeds in windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkPlant of dandelion family Koelpinia linearis with fruits in windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkPlant of dandelion family Koelpinia linearis with curved seed heads in windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkKoelpinia linearis with fruits on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016

20. Lactuca serriola L.

(Lactuca albicaulis, Lactuca altaica, Lactuca augustana, Lactuca coriacea, Lactuca dubia, Lactuca integrata, Lactuca latifolia, Lactuca saligna, Lactuca scariola, Lactuca sylvestris, Lactuca tephrocarpa, Lactuca verticalis)

Common names: khas al bagar, khas barri, milk thistle, prickly lettuce

Extract from Wikipedia article: Lactuca serriola, also called prickly lettuce, milk thistle (not to be confused with Silybum marianum, also called milk thistle) compass plant, and scarole, is an annual or biennial plant, slightly foetid, that is commonly considered a weed of orchards, roadsides and field crops. The closest wild relative of cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The leaves grow along a spiny stem and get progressively smaller as they reach its top. They emit latex when cut. Many flowers are produced and usually appear in the upper part of the plant.

LinkWeeds of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) near Al Luqta Street, opposite to Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkPrickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) south-east from Immigration Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkPrickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) or may be L. saligna on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkVein system of leaves of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkFlowers of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) or may be L. saligna on roadside of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkClose up of flowers of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) or may be L. saligna on roadside of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkInflorescence of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) or may be L. saligna on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkLeaves of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkFlowers of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) near Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2016
LinkPrickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016

21. Launaea capitata (Spreng.) Dandy

(Chondrilla capitata, Launaea glomerata, Lomatolepis glomerata, Microrhynchus glomeratus, Sonchus capitatus, Sonchus mareoticus, Zollikoferia glomerata)

Common names: hazan, huwa

LinkLaunaea capitata (local names huwa, hazan) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkBlooming desert plant Launaea capitata (Launaea glomerata, Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) in sand near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant Launaea capitata (Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkRosette of leaves of a desert plant Launaea capitata (Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFlowers of Launaea capitata (Launaea glomerata, Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFlowers of Launaea capitata (Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkRosette of leaves of Launaea capitata (Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkLaunaea capitata (Launaea glomerata, Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkFlowers of Launaea capitata (Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFlowers of Launaea capitata (Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkBlooming plant that could be Launaea capitata in sand near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkLaunaea capitata (Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkRosette of leaves of Launaea capitata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkLaunaea capitata (local names huwa, hazan) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkLaunaea capitata (local names huwa, hazan) with flower buds on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkLaunaea capitata (local names huwa, hazan) with a flower on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkRosettes of leaves of Launaea capitata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkRosette of basal leaves of Launaea capitata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBasal leaves of Launaea capitata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkClose up of rosette of basal leaves of Launaea capitata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkClose up of basal leaves of Launaea capitata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkRosette of basal leaves of Launaea capitata in sand near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkLaunaea capitata with a flower on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBasal rosette of Launaea capitata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkLeaf rosette of Launaea capitata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFlat rosettes of leaves of Launaea capitata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkRosette of leaves of Launaea capitata with a flower on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkCluster of rosettes of leaves of Launaea capitata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkRosettes of leaves of Launaea capitata with a flower on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFlowers of Launaea capitata (Launaea glomerata, Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkDesert plant Launaea capitata (Launaea glomerata, Zollikoferia glomerata, local names huwa, hazan) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

22. Launaea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauverd

(Brachyramphus caribaeus, Brachyramphus goraeensis, Brachyramphus heyneanus, Brachyramphus intybaceus, Brachyramphus remotiflorus, Brachyramphus schimperi, Brachyramphus sonchifolius, Brachyramphus taraxacoides, Chondrilla indica, Chondrilla sonchifolia, Cicerbita intybacea, Lactuca caribaea, Lactuca goraeensis, Lactuca heyneana, Lactuca intybacea, Lactuca nudicaulis, Lactuca pinnatifida, Lactuca remotiflora, Lactuca runcinata, Lactuca schimperi, Lactuca taraxacoides, Launaea goraeensis, Launaea remotiflora, Launaea stocksiana, Phoenixopus intybaceus, Prenanthes sonchifolia, Scorzonera africana, Scorzonera pinnatifida, Sonchus calyculatus, Sonchus goraeensis, Sonchus spachii, Zollikoferia stocksiana)

Common names: achicoria azul, bitter lettuce

My notes: It may be Lactuca saligna.

LinkBitter lettuce (achicoria azul, Launaea intybacea) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkFlower of bitter lettuce (achicoria azul, Launaea intybacea) in roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkBitter lettuce (achicoria azul, Launaea intybacea) in roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkPlants of bitter lettuce (achicoria azul, Launaea intybacea)(?) on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, March 26, 2016

23. Launaea mucronata (Forssk.) Muschl.

(Launaea resedifolia, Leontodon mucronatus, Rhabdotheca tenuiloba, Zollikoferia mucronata, Zollikoferia tenuiloba)

Common names: atheed, bagraa, hajaid, Huwa ghazal, odeid, saffara, yamroor

LinkDandelion like flower of Launaea mucronata(?) in Al Jassasiya rock carvings archeological site, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 4, 2010
LinkDandelion like flower of Launaea mucronata(?) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya site, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 25, 2011
LinkDandelion like flower of Launaea mucronata(?) in Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkFlowers of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) in desert of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkFlower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) near Al Ruwais (Shamal Road). Qatar, March 3, 2012
LinkFlower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) near Northern Road (Shamal). Qatar, March 7, 2012
LinkDesert flower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) with a fly on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 31, 2012
LinkDandelion like flower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) with an ant on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 31, 2012
LinkDesert flower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkYellow flower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkDandelion like flower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkFlower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkYellow flower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkLeaf of Launaea mucronata(?) in sand near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkYellow dandelion like flowers of Launaea mucronata(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkLaunaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkFlower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkFlower of Launaea mucronata north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 13, 2015
LinkFlower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkDandelion like flower of Launaea mucronata on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkSeed head of Launaea mucronata on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkDandelion like flower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkLaunaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) with flowers in sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkBasal leaves of Launaea mucronata subsp. mucronata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkLeaf rosette of Launaea mucronata subsp. mucronata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkDandelion like flower of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkFlower of Launaea mucronata in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkLaunaea mucronata subsp. mucronata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of Launaea mucronata subsp. mucronata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkFlowers of Launaea mucronata subsp. mucronata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBlooming Launaea mucronata subsp. mucronata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of Launaea mucronata subsp. mucronata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkCarpet of yellow flowers of Launaea mucronata subsp. mucronata on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkSmall plant of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkYellow flower of Launaea mucronata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Launaea mucronata on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkLaunaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) with flowers in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of Launaea mucronata (local name Huwa ghazal) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

24. Launaea nudicaulis (L.) Hook.f.

(Ammoseris nudicaulis, Atalanthus divaricatus, Atalanthus nudicaulis, Chondrilla nudicaulis, Lactuca nudicaulis, Launaea divaricata, Lomatolepis nudicaulis, Microrhynchus nudicaulis, Prenanthes runcinata, Rhabdotheca divaricata, Rhabdotheca nudicaulis, Scorzonera ciliata, Sonchus divaricatus, Sonchus nudicaulis, Sonchus reflexus, Zollikoferia nudicaulis)

Common names: huwa ghanam, huwa ghazal

LinkDandelion like flower of Launaea nudicaulis (native name huwa ghazal) on a lawn near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 9, 2013
LinkDandelion like flower of a desert plant huwa ghazal (Launaea nudicaulis) near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 9, 2013
LinkYellow flowers of Launaea nudicaulis (local names huwa ghazal, huwa ghanam) or may be L. procumbens near Al Luqta Street, opposite to Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkFlower of Launaea nudicaulis(?) on roadside of Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 17, 2014
LinkLaunaea nudicaulis (local names huwa ghazal, huwa ghanam)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkLaunaea nudicaulis on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkDry plant of Launaea nudicaulis(?) or may be L. procumbens with seeds near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, May 27, 2016

25. Matricaria aurea (Loefl.) Sch.Bip.

(Anacyclus aureus, Anthemis aurea, Cenocline aurea, Chamomilla aurea, Cotula aurea, Cotula complanata, Cotula pubescens, Lepidotheca aurea, Matricaria complanata, Perideraea aurea)

Common names: golden chamomile

My notes: Was grown under Ziziphus bushes in many places in spring of 2016.

LinkGolden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkHabitat of golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkClose up of golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkPlant of golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) growing from soil crack in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkBlooming golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkSmall plant of golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkPlants of golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) with flowers in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers of golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) taken from a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkGolden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkSmall plant of golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkClose up of Golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkBlooming golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkGolden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkBlooming golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkFlower heads of golden chamomile (Matricaria aurea) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

26. Pallenis hierochuntica (Michon) Greuter

(Asteriscus aquaticus, Asteriscus hierochunticus, Asteriscus pygmaeus, Odontospermum pygmaeum)

Common names: Jahwayan, jfeiah

Extract from Wikipedia article: Pallenis hierochuntica (common names include rose of Jericho and Dinosaur plant) is a species of Pallenis that is notable for being a resurrection plant.

LinkPallenis hierochuntica (Asteriscus pygmaeus, Asteriscus hierochunticus, Odpntospermum pygmaeum, local name Jahwayan) growing in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkPallenis hierochuntica (Asteriscus pygmaeus, Asteriscus hierochunticus, Odpntospermum pygmaeum, local name Jahwayan) in silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkPallenis hierochuntica (Asteriscus pygmaeus, Asteriscus hierochunticus, Odpntospermum pygmaeum, local name Jahwayan) in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkPallenis hierochuntica (Asteriscus pygmaeus, Asteriscus hierochunticus, Odpntospermum pygmaeum, local name Jahwayan) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkPallenis hierochuntica (Asteriscus pygmaeus, Asteriscus hierochunticus, Odpntospermum pygmaeum, local name Jahwayan) in silty depression on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkPallenis hierochuntica (Asteriscus pygmaeus, Asteriscus hierochunticus, Odpntospermum pygmaeum, local name Jahwayan) in silty depression on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkFlower of Pallenis hierochuntica (Asteriscus pygmaeus, Asteriscus hierochunticus, Odpntospermum pygmaeum, local name Jahwayan) near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkCentral star shaped capitula of Pallenis hierochuntica (Asteriscus pygmaeus, Asteriscus hierochunticus, Odpntospermum pygmaeum, local name Jahwayan) near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014

27. Pentanema divaricatum Cass.

(Inula divaricata, Inula pentanema, Vicoa divaricata, Vicoa pentanema)

Common names: zameem al barr

LinkSoft hairy flowers of Pentanema divaricatum (Vicoa pentanema, local name zameem al barr) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBack lit flowers of Pentanema divaricatum (Vicoa pentanema, local name zameem al barr) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkPentanema divaricatum (Vicoa pentanema, local name zameem al barr) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkPentanema divaricatum (Vicoa pentanema, local name zameem al barr) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkPentanema divaricatum (Vicoa pentanema, local name zameem al barr) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

28. Picris cyanocarpa Boiss.

Common names: Hawdhan

My notes: May be other species of Picris.

LinkDesert plant Picris cyanocarpa(?) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkFlowers of Picris cyanocarpa on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014

29. Picris asplenioides L.

(Apargia coronopifolia, Apargia scabra, Apargia taraxaciflora, Crepis radicata, Deckera asplenoides, Deckera lyrata, Helminthia asplenioides, Leontodon coronopifolius, Picris coronopifolia, Picris lyrata, Picris pilosa, Picris radicata, Picris taraxaciflora, Spitzelia aegyptiaca, Spitzelia coronopifolia, Spitzelia getula, Spitzelia pilosa, Spitzelia radicata, Spitzelia sieberi, Thrincia caulescens, Virea asplenioides, Virea scabra)

My notes: May be other species of Picris.

LinkDandelion like flower with maroon center of a desert plant Picris radicata (Picris asplenioides) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSeeds of Picris radicata(?) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFlower of Picris radicata(?) on a roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkFlower of Picris radicata(?) from a roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkPicris radicata(?) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkSeed head of Picris radicata(?) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 20, 2016

30. Pluchea dioscoridis (L.) DC.

(Baccharis dioscoridis, Blumea baccharoides, Conyza dioscoridis, Conyza kraussii, Conyza modatensis, Conyza odora, Pluchea kraussii)

Common names: Marsh Fleabane

LinkFluffy pappus of marsh fleabane (Pluchea dioscoridis, Baccharis dioscorides, Conyza dioscorides) on banks of Abu Nakhlah ponds. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkFlowers of marsh fleabane (Pluchea dioscoridis, Baccharis dioscorides, Conyza dioscorides) on banks of Abu Nakhlah ponds. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkBlooming marsh fleabane (Pluchea dioscoridis, Baccharis dioscorides, Conyza dioscorides) on banks of Abu Nakhlah ponds. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkClose up of flowers of marsh fleabane (Pluchea dioscoridis, Baccharis dioscorides, Conyza dioscorides) on banks of Abu Nakhlah ponds. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkFluffy flowers of marsh fleabane (Pluchea dioscoridis, Baccharis dioscorides, Conyza dioscorides) on banks of Abu Nakhlah ponds. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkFluffy flowers of marsh fleabane (Pluchea dioscoridis) taken from area north from Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkBlooming marsh fleabane (Pluchea dioscoridis) taken from area north from Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkMarsh fleabane (Pluchea dioscoridis, Baccharis dioscorides, Conyza dioscorides) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016

31. Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss.

(Inula gnaphalodes, Strabonia gnaphalodes)

Common names: jithjath, Nafayj, nufaij

LinkPlant with silvery leaves Pulicaria gnaphalodes in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkFurry leaves of Pulicaria gnaphalodes in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkPubescent leaves of Pulicaria gnaphalodes near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkLeaves of Pulicaria gnaphalodes near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkBlooming desert plant Pulicaria gnaphalodes on Fuwairit Hills (Jabal Fuwayrith), on north-eastern coast. Qatar, November 1, 2014
LinkBlooming Pulicaria gnaphalodes on Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, November 21, 2014
LinkFresh pubescent leaves of Pulicaria gnaphalodes on a roadside of a road near Zubara. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkLeaves of Pulicaria gnaphalodes in sand on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkEmerging fresheaves of Pulicaria gnaphalodes on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkDry stalks and fresh leaves of Pulicaria gnaphalodes on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkFresh furry leaves of Pulicaria gnaphalodes on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkEmerging furry leaves of Pulicaria gnaphalodes on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015

32. Pulicaria guestii Rech.f. & Rawi

Common names: Raraa ayoub

My notes: In a book "The flora of Qatar" by Ekhlas M. M. Abdel Bary (Qatar University, 2012), named as P. sicula.

LinkYellow flower of Pulicaria guestii(?) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkFlowers of Pulicaria guestii(?) near a road north from Ash Shahaniyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkBlooming plant of Pulicaria guestii in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkYellow flower of Pulicaria guestii in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of Pulicaria guestii in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkYellow daisy like flowers of Pulicaria guestii in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkPlant of Pulicaria guestii near dry Ziziphus bushes in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkPlant of Pulicaria guestii grown under Ziziphus bushes eaten by brown caterpillars in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkPlant of Pulicaria guestii with yellow flowers in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkBlooming plant of Pulicaria guestii in roadside silty depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkPulicaria guestii among other green plants in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkBlooming plant of Pulicaria guestii with Tetraena simplex in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkPlant of Pulicaria guestii in roadside north from Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkBlooming Pulicaria guestii in roadside north from Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, January 15, 2016

33. Pulicaria undulata (L.) C.A.Mey.

(Aster crispus, Francoeuria crispa, Francoeuria undulata, Inula crispa, Inula undulata, Pulicaria crispa)

Common names: Crisp-leaved fleabane, jithjath, shay el-jebel, yethyas

LinkDesert plant with yellow flowers Pulicaria undulata (Kootkaat, Rabool, Rabl, Rabd, Ghobbeira, Ghobbayra-a, Shaay gabali) near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013
LinkDesert plant of aster family with yellow flowers Pulicaria undulata (Kootkaat, Rabool, Rabl, Rabd, Ghobbeira, Ghobbayra-a, Shaay gabali) in area of dunes near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013
LinkBlooming bush of Pulicaria undulata (Francoeruria crispa, Pulicaria crispa, local names jithjath, yethyas) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlooming Pulicaria undulata (Francoeruria crispa, Pulicaria crispa, local names jithjath, yethyas) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkSeedling of Pulicaria undulata (Francoeruria crispa, Pulicaria crispa, local names jithjath, yethyas) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkBlooming Pulicaria undulata (Francoeruria crispa, Pulicaria crispa, local names jithjath, yethyas) near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkBlooming Pulicaria undulata (Francoeruria crispa, Pulicaria crispa, local names jithjath, yethyas) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkPulicaria undulata (Francoeruria crispa, Pulicaria crispa, local names jithjath, yethyas) on roadside of Dukhan Road in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBlooming Pulicaria undulata (Francoeruria crispa, Pulicaria crispa, local names jithjath, yethyas) on roadside of Dukhan Road in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBlooming Pulicaria undulata on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkPulicaria undulata (Kootkaat, Rabool, Rabl, Rabd, Ghobbeira, Ghobbayra-a, Shaay gabali) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkPlant of Pulicaria undulata (local names jithjath, yethyas) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkPlants of Pulicaria undulata (local names jithjath, yethyas) with Ziziphus trees in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkPulicaria undulata (local names jithjath, yethyas) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 24, 2015
LinkBlooming Pulicaria undulata (local names jithjath, yethyas) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 24, 2015
LinkPulicaria undulata (local names jithjath, yethyas) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkBlooming Pulicaria undulata (local names jithjath, yethyas) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkLarge bush of Pulicaria undulata (local names jithjath, yethyas) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of Pulicaria undulata (local names jithjath, yethyas) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of Pulicaria undulata in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkPulicaria undulata with seeds in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkPulicaria undulata (local names jithjath, yethyas) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway near Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkPlant of Pulicaria undulata with decumbent branches in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkBlooming Pulicaria undulata in a field of spear grass in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkPulicaria undulata (Francoeruria crispa, Pulicaria crispa, local names jithjath, yethyas) on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016

34. Reichardia intermedia (Sch.Bip.) Samp.

(Picridium intermedium, Picridium vulgare, Reichardia picroides, Sonchus intermedius)

My notes: May be a different species.

LinkReichardia intermedia(?) growing among burr weed on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkDandelion like flower of Reichardia intermedia(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkHoverfly on a flower of Reichardia intermedia(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlooming Reichardia intermedia(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkDandelion like flower of Reichardia intermedia(?) growing among prostrate spurge on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkClose up of a flower of Reichardia intermedia(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkReichardia intermedia on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkReichardia intermedia on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBlooming Reichardia intermedia on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkClose up of a flower of Reichardia intermedia on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkFlower bud of Reichardia intermedia(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkFlower heads of Reichardia intermedia(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkReichardia intermedia(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkBlue Pansy (Junonia orithya) butterfly on flowers of Reichardia intermedia on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkBlooming Reichardia intermedia on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkBlooming Reichardia intermedia(?) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkUpper view of Reichardia intermedia(?) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkYellow flower of Reichardia intermedia(?) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkFlower buds of Reichardia intermedia(?) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016

35. Reichardia tingitana (L.) Roth

(Picridium arabicum, Picridium discolor, Picridium hispanicum, Picridium orientale, Picridium pinnatifidum, Picridium saharae, Picridium tingitanum, Picridium vulgare, Reichardia arabica, Reichardia discolor, Reichardia orientalis, Reichardia runcinata, Scorzonera glauca, Scorzonera orientalis, Scorzonera tingitana, Sonchus hispanicus, Sonchus hispidulus, Sonchus pinnatifidus, Sonchus tingitanus)

Common names: False sowthistle, Hawdhaan, huzan, mareer, murar

My notes: Sometimes grows tall in deep shade, with small flowers.

LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, February 13, 2010
LinkDandelion like flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya site, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 25, 2011
LinkDandelion like flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) near Al Ruwais (Shamal Road). Qatar, March 3, 2012
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkYellow flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana(?)) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFlowers of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkClose up of a flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkBlooming false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkFlowers of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) with seeds in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana(?)) with seeds near a road north from Ash Shahaniyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkFlower buds of Reichardia tingitana(?) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkFlower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkOrange flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkOrange flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkBlooming false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkFlower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBlooming false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkFlower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkBlooming false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkPlant of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in sand south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkFalse sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkBlooming false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkFlower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkClose up of a flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkYellow flower with a dark center of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkClose up of yellow flower with a dark center of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkPare of flowers of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkCluster of flowers of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkLarge flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkBlooming false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkCluster of flowers of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkTall form of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) grown without sun in shade of a wall in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkTall seedlings of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) grown without sun in shade of a wall in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPare of flowers of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana, local name Hawzan or mureer, Hawdhan) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkSmall flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) grown without sun under Ziziphus bushes in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkTall and thin plant of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) grown without sun under Ziziphus bushes in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkLeaves of a tall and thin plant of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) grown without sun under Ziziphus bushes in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkSmall flower of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) grown without sun in shade of a wall in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkFlower and seeds of false sowthistle (Reichardia tingitana) grown without sun in shade of a wall in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016

36. Rhanterium epapposum Oliv.

(Asteriscus arabicus)

Common names: arfaj

Extract from Wikipedia article: Rhanterium epapposum is a plant of the Asteraceae family. Native to the deserts of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait where it is known locally as Arfaj (Arabic: عرفج‎). The Arfaj plant consists of a complicated network of branches scattered with small thorny leaves and bright yellow flowers about 1.5 cm wide. The Arfaj flower is also the national flower of Kuwait. It is a very bushy shrub approximately 80 cm height. The leaves are small and narrow, and in late spring it will start flowering (April-May). It is considered one of the main desert forage plants for camels and sheep.

LinkRhanterium epapposum (native name Arfaj) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkBlooming Rhanterium epapposum (native name Arfaj) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkArfaj (Rhanterium epapposum) in a small wadi near Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkBlooming arfaj (Rhanterium epapposum) in a small wadi near Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkRhanterium epapposum (local name Arfaj) on roadside of Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of Rhanterium epapposum (local name Arfaj) on roadside of Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkArfaj (Rhanterium epapposum) on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkBlooming bush of Arfaj (Rhanterium epapposum) on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkArfaj (Rhanterium epapposum) growing on gypsum pavement (selenite) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh) in south-western Qatar, March 11, 2016
LinkArfaj (Rhanterium epapposum) growing on sand covering gypsum crystals (selenite) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh) in south-western Qatar, March 11, 2016
LinkBlooming Arfaj (Rhanterium epapposum) growing on sand covering layers of gypsum crystals (selenite) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh) in south-western Qatar, March 11, 2016

37. Santolina decumbens Mill.

(Santolina incana)

Common names: Grey Santolina, Lavender-cotton

LinkWestern Mediterranean plant Grey Santolina (Santolina decumbens) grown in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 20, 2016

38. Senecio glaucus coronopifolius (Maire) C.Alexander

(Senecio chrysanthemifolius, Senecio coronopifolius, Senecio desfontainei, Senecio gallicus, Senecio laxiflorus, Senecio noeanus, Senecio rueppellii, Senecio subdentatus)

Common names: Buck's horn groundsel, mareer, ramloug

Extract from Wikipedia article: Senecio glaucus is an annual member of the Asteraceae and species of the genus Senecio that grows in the desert

LinkBuck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) in sands of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkSmall yellow flowers of Buck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) in sands of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkBuck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkTiny flower of buck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkBack lit plant of buck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkPlant of buck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkBuck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkBuck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) in sand on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkTiny flower of buck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkBuck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkSmall plant of Buck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBuck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBuck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkBlooming buck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkBlooming buck's horn groundsel (Senecio glaucus, mureer) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016

39. Sonchus oleraceus L.

(Carduus amplexicaulis, Sonchus angustissimus, Sonchus asper, Sonchus australis, Sonchus ciliatus, Sonchus fabrae, Sonchus glaber, Sonchus gracilis, Sonchus lacerus, Sonchus laevis, Sonchus longifolius, Sonchus macrotus, Sonchus mairei, Sonchus pallescens, Sonchus parviflorus, Sonchus reversus, Sonchus rivularis, Sonchus roseus, Sonchus royleanus, Sonchus runcinatus, Sonchus schimperi, Sonchus schmidianus, Sonchus spinulifoius, Sonchus spinulifolius, Sonchus subbipinnatifidus, Sonchus sundaicus, Sonchus tenerrimus, Sonchus umbellifer, Sonchus zacinthoides)

Common names: jeidaid, khas al wiz, Smooth Sow Thistle, wild lettuce

Extract from Wikipedia article: Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle, sow thistle, smooth sow thistle, annual sow thistle, hare's colwort, hare's thistle, milky tassel, swinies) is native to Asia and Europe. The Latin name Sonchus refers to the hollow stem, while oleraceus refers to its good taste. The common name sow thistle refers to its attractiveness to swine, and the similarity of the leaf to younger thistle plants. The common name hare's thistle refers to its purported beneficial effects on hare and rabbits.

LinkSmooth sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFlowers of Smooth sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFlower of smooth sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkSmooth sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkFruits of smooth sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkLeaves of smooth sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkSmooth sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkSeed head of smooth sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSmooth sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) grown near acacia tree in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

40. Sonchus tenerrimus L.

Common names: slender sowthistle

Extract from Wikipedia article: Sonchus tenerrimus is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name slender sowthistle. It is native to the Mediterranean region of southern Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East. It has been found as well in several other locations around the world, historically in association with ship ballast in coastal regions. It has become naturalized in a few places, such as California in the United States and Baja California in Mexico.

LinkSlender sow thistle (Sonchus tenerrimus) on sidewalk on Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 31, 2016

41. Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski

(Acmella brasiliensis, Acmella spilanthoides, Buphthalmum procumbens, Buphthalmum repens, Buphthalmum strigosum, Complaya trilobata, Polymnia carnosa, Polymnia crenata, Seruneum trilobatum, Silphium trilobatum, Sphagneticola ulei, Stemmodontia carnosa, Stemmodontia trilobata, Thelechitonia trilobata, Verbesina carnosa, Verbesina tridentata, Wedelia brasiliensis, Wedelia carnosa, Wedelia crenata, Wedelia paludicola, Wedelia paludosa, Wedelia triloba, Wedelia trilobata)

Common names: Creeping-oxeye, Singapore Daisy, Trailing Daisy

Extract from Wikipedia article: Sphagneticola trilobata, commonly known as the Singapore Daisy, Creeping-oxeye, Trailing Daisy, and Wedelia. is a plant in the Heliantheae tribe of the Asteraceae (sunflower) family. It is native to Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, but now grows throughout the Neotropics. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental groundcover.

LinkTrailing daisy (Wedelia trilobata, Sphagneticola trilobata) planted near student dorms in Education City. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2015
LinkTrailing daisy (Wedelia trilobata, Sphagneticola trilobata) planted under a palm on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 19, 2015
LinkSelf-sown trailing daisy (Wedelia trilobata, Sphagneticola trilobata) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, March 23, 2016
LinkSelf-sown trailing daisy (Wedelia trilobata, Sphagneticola trilobata) under a palm tree in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016

42. Tagetes erecta L.

(Tagetes corymbosa, Tagetes ernstii, Tagetes excelsa, Tagetes heterocarpha, Tagetes major, Tagetes patula, Tagetes remotiflora, Tagetes tenuifolia)

Common names: Mexican marigold

Extract from Wikipedia article: Tagetes erecta, the Mexican marigold, also called Aztec marigold, is a species of the genus Tagetes native to Mexico. Despite its being native to the Americas, it is often called African marigold. In Mexico, this plant is found in the wild in the states of State of México, Puebla, and Veracruz. This plant reaches heights of between 50–100 cm (20–39 in). The Aztecs gathered the wild plant as well as cultivating it for medicinal, ceremonial and decorative purposes. It is widely cultivated commercially with many cultivars in use as ornamental plants, and for the cut-flower trade.

LinkMexican marigold (Tagetes erecta) flower planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015
LinkOrange flowers of Mexican marigold (Tagetes erecta) planted in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016

43. Urospermum picroides (L.) Scop. ex F.W.Schmidt

(Arnopogon asper, Arnopogon capensis, Arnopogon picroides, Daumailia spinulosa, Tragopogon aculeatus, Tragopogon asper, Tragopogon capensis, Tragopogon picridoides, Tragopogon picroides, Tragopogon sonchifolius, Urospermum asperum, Urospermum capense)

Common names: jeidaid, prickly golden fleece

Extract from Wikipedia article: Urospermum picroides is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name prickly goldenfleece. It is native to Eurasia and it is known as an introduced species in many other regions, including North and South America, Australia, and southern Africa. It grows as a common weed in disturbed habitat. This annual herb grows up to 30 to 50 centimeters tall. It is coated in long hairs and bristles. The bristly leaves are variously shaped, often divided into many sharp-toothed lobes. The inflorescence bears flower heads on thick peduncles. The head is 1 to 2 centimeters long or more and filled with yellow ray florets. It is enveloped in several pointed phyllaries which are covered in bristly hairs. The fruit is an achene well over a centimeter in length which is tipped with a pappus of bristles.

LinkPrickly goldenfleece (Urospermum picroides) in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkFlower of prickly goldenfleece (Urospermum picroides) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkPlant of prickly goldenfleece (Urospermum picroides) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkFlower heads of prickly goldenfleece (Urospermum picroides) taken from a place with water leakage in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015

44. Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex A.Gray

(Encelia albescens, Verbesina australis, Verbesina microptera, Verbesina scabra, Ximenesia australis, Ximenesia encelioides)

Common names: cowpen daisy, golden crownbeard

Extract from Wikipedia article: Verbesina encelioides is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. The species is native to the United States and Mexico. It is naturalized in the Middle East, Spain, Argentina, Australia and the Pacific islands. Common names include golden crownbeard, cowpen daisy, butter daisy, crown-beard, American dogweed and South African daisy.,

LinkCowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) with flower buds on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 13, 2016
LinkBlooming cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016
LinkFlower of cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016
LinkBlooming cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 21, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers of cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 21, 2016
LinkCowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) with flowers on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 21, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 21, 2016
LinkInflorescence of cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 21, 2016
LinkPlant of cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 21, 2016
LinkCowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 17, 2016
LinkDry seed head of cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) taken from Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 31, 2016
LinkCut seed head of cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) taken from Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 31, 2016
LinkDry seeds of cowpen daisy (Verbesina encelioides) taken from Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 31, 2016

45. Zinnia angustifolia Kunth

(Crassina angustifolia, Crassina linearis, Zinnia linearis)

Common names: narrowleaf zinnia

Extract from Wikipedia article: Zinnia angustifolia (Z. linearis) is a herbaceous flowering plant species of zinnia native to northern and western Mexico and natralized in parts of the Southwestern United States. Hybrids with other Zinna species are popular garden plants.

LinkOrange flowers of narrowleaf zinnia (Zinnia angustifolia) planted on Corniche promenade. Doha, Qatar, June 18, 2015
LinkBlooming narrowleaf zinnia (Zinnia angustifolia) planted on Corniche promenade. Doha, Qatar, June 18, 2015
LinkClose up of an orange flower of narrowleaf zinnia (Zinnia angustifolia) planted on Corniche promenade. Doha, Qatar, June 18, 2015

46. Zinnia elegans Jacq.

(Crassina elegans, Crassina linearis, Zinnia australis, Zinnia linearis, Zinnia violacea)

Common names: common zinnia

Extract from Wikipedia article: Zinnia elegans, known as youth-and-age, common zinnia or elegant zinnia, an annual flowering plant of the genus Zinnia, is one of the best known zinnias. It is native to Mexico but grown as an ornamental in many places and naturalised in several places including scattered locations in South and Central America, the West Indies, the United States, Australia, and Italy.

LinkCommon zinnia flowers (Zinnia elegans) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016
LinkOrange zinnia flower (Zinnia elegans) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016
LinkOrange zinnia flowers (Zinnia elegans) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016

XI. Bignoniaceae    Trumpet-creeper Family 

1. Kigelia africana (Lamarck) Benth.

Common names: sausage tree

LinkDark red flowers from sausage tree (Kigelia africana, Kigelia pinnata) on the ground in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 19, 2016

2. Millingtonia hortensis L. fil.

(Bignonia azedarachta, Bignonia cicutaria, Bignonia hortensis, Bignonia suberosa, Millingtonia dubiosa, Nevrilis suberosa)

Common names: Indian Cork Tree, Tree Jasmine

Extract from Wikipedia article: Millingtonia hortensis, Tree Jasmine or Indian Cork Tree, the sole species in the genus Millingtonia, is a tree native to South Asia & South East Asia. It is known as Latak chandani, & Buch in Marathi Akash Mallige in Kannada, Akash Malli or Mara Malli in Tamil, Kavuki in Telugu, Pip in Thai: ปีบ and Mini Chameli in Hindi, Akash Mallee in Oriya.

LinkTree Jasmine (Indian Cork Tree, Millingtonia hortensis) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 23, 2014
LinkWhite flowers on Tree Jasmine (Indian Cork Tree, Millingtonia hortensis) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 23, 2014

3. Spathodea campanulata Beauv.

(Bignonia tulipifera, Spathodea danckelmaniana, Spathodea nilotica, Spathodea tulipifera)

Common names: African tulip tree, fountain tree, Nandi flame, pichkari

Extract from Wikipedia article: Spathodea is a monotypic genus in the flowering plant family Bignoniaceae. The single species it contains, Spathodea campanulata, is commonly known as the fountain tree, African tulip tree, pichkari or Nandi flame. The tree grows between 7–25 m (23–82 ft) tall and is native to tropical dry forests of Africa. It has been nominated as among 100 of the "World's Worst" invaders.

LinkAfrican tulip tree (Spathodea campanulata) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkFlowers of African tulip tree (Spathodea campanulata) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 16, 2016

4. Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC.

(Bignonia fluviatilis, Couralia rosea, Sparattosperma roseum, Tabebuia mexicana, Tabebuia pentaphylla, Tabebuia punctatissima, Tecoma mexicana, Tecoma punctatissima, Tecoma rosea)

Common names: Maquilishuat, Pink Trumpet Tree, Roble de Sabana

Extract from Wikipedia article: Tabebuia rosea is a neotropical tree that grows up to 30 m (1,181 in) and can reach a diameter at breast height of up to 100 cm (3 ft). The name Roble de Sabana, meaning "savannah oak", is widely used in Costa Rica in Spanish, probably because it often remains in heavily deforested areas, where people appreciate its intense flowering periods and because of the resemblance of its wood to that of oak trees. The name Maquilishuat (Spanish pronunciation: [ma.kiˈlis.wat]) is used by the inhabitants of El Salvador to designate the Tabebuia rosea; it's also their national tree.

LinkPink Trumpet Tree (Tabebuia rosea) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2015
LinkFlowers of Pink Trumpet Tree (Tabebuia rosea) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2015

5. Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth

(Bignonia stans, Stenolobium stans)

Common names: yellow trumpetbush

Extract from Wikipedia article: Tecoma stans is a species of flowering perennial shrub in the trumpet vine family, Bignoniaceae, that is native to the Americas. Common names include yellow trumpetbush, yellow bells, yellow elder, ginger-thomas. Tecoma stans is the official flower of the United States Virgin Islands and the floral emblem of the Bahamas.

LinkYellow trumpetbush (Tecoma stans) on a fence on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkYellow trumpetbush (Tecoma stans or may be smithii) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkYellow trumpetbush (Tecoma stans or may be smithii) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkYellow trumpetbush (Tecoma stans or may be smithii) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkFruits of yellow trumpetbush (Tecoma stans or may be smithii) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2016

XII. Boraginaceae    Borage Family 

1. Anchusa hispida Forsskal

(Anchusa deflexa, Gastrocotyle hispida)

Common names: ainbacees, hairy bugloss, rims

My notes: One small plant looks like Lappula spinocarpos.

LinkDesert borage Anchusa hispida (Gastrocotyle hispida, local names ainbacees, rims) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkAnchusa hispida (Gastrocotyle hispida, local names ainbacees, rims) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkSeeds of Anchusa hispida(?) (borage family) of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkSeeds of desert borage Anchusa hispida near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkLarge plant of desert borage Anchusa hispida in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway near Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkSeedling of desert borage Anchusa hispida found under Ziziphus bush in Al Mardiya - Wasit area. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkBlooming seedling of desert borage Anchusa hispida found under Ziziphus bush in Al Mardiya - Wasit area. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkSeedling of desert borage Anchusa hispida with a small blue flower found under Ziziphus bush in Al Mardiya - Wasit area. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkDesert borage Anchusa hispida in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

2. Arnebia hispidissima (Lehm.) DC.

(Anchusa asperrima, Anchusa hispidissima, Arnebia asperrima, Arnebia lutea, Arnebiola migiurtina, Dioclea hispidissima, Echiochilon hispidissimum, Echioides asperrimum, Lithospermum hispidissimum, Lithospermum vestitum, Lithospermum villosum, Rhytispermum villosum, Strobila hispidissima, Toxostigma luteum)

Common names: Arabian primrose, hasheshat al arnab, kahal, melleiH

My notes: Difficult to distinguish it from Arnebia decumbens.

LinkYellow flowers of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) in desert on hills of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkCluster of yellow spring flowers of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima, local name Hasheshat al arneb) in desert on hills of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkYellow flower of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) in desert. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkSmall yellow flower of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkDry Arnebia hispidissima(?) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkDesert plant Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkDesert plant Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert plant Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkYoung plant of Arnebia hispidissima near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkArnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of Dukhan Road in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBushy plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of Dukhan Road in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkLarge plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of Dukhan Road in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkArnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on a roadside near Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkLarge plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkBlooming Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkArabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on white background in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkArabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBlooming Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBlooming Arabian Primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkCompact bushy plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkPlant of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkBlooming Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkArnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkLower view of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkArnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) with flowers in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkCarpet of plants of Arnebia hispidissima (Lithospermum hispidissimum, local names kahal, hasheshat al arnab) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkArabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkArabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkBlooming Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkPlant of Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkArabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) with yellow flowers on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkPlants of Arabian primrose (Arnebia hispidissima) on a sandy plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

3. Cordia sebestena L.

(Cordia juglandifolia, Cordia laevis, Sebesten sebestena)

Common names: scarlet cordia, siricote

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cordia sebestena is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae, that is native to the American tropics. It ranges from southern Florida in the United States and The Bahamas southwards throughout Central America and the Greater Antilles. Common names include siricote or kopté (Mayan) in 19th Century northern Yucatán, scarlet cordia on Jamaica, and Geiger tree (after Key West wrecker John Geiger) in Florida.

LinkBlooming siricote tree (Cordia sebestena) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 24, 2016
LinkOrange flowers of siricote tree (Cordia sebestena) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 24, 2016
LinkFruits of siricote tree (Cordia sebestena) in a park at Al Meshrif Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 29, 2016

4. Echiochilon jugatum I. M. Johnston

Common names: kohail, najmet albar, stoneseed

My notes: It may be E. persicum.

LinkStoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkFlowers of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkBlooming stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkBlooming plant of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkStoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) with small flowers on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkLarge bush of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkBlooming bush of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkPlants of stoneseed (Echiochilon jugatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

5. Echiochilon persicum (Burm.fil.) I.M.Johnst.

(Echiochilon albidum, Echiochilon nubicum, Echiochilon strigosum, Echiochilon thesigeri, Echiochilon vatkei, Echiochilon verrucosum, Heliotropium albohispidum, Heliotropium calcareum, Heliotropium cinerascens, Heliotropium deflersii, Heliotropium fruticosum, Heliotropium persicum, Heliotropium vatkei, Pioctonon persicum, Sericostoma albidum, Sericostoma calcareum, Sericostoma persicum, Sericostoma strigosa, Sericostoma verrucosum)

Common names: stone seed

LinkStone seed (Echiochilon persicum(?)) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkStone seed (Echiochilon persicum(?)) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016

6. Ehretia microphylla Lam.

(Carmona heterophylla, Carmona microphylla, Carmona retusa, Cordia coromandeliana, Cordia retusa, Ehretia buxifolia, Ehretia coromandeliana, Ehretia heterophylla, Ehretia monopyrena)

Common names: Fukien tea tree, Philippine tea tree

LinkFukien tea tree (Ehretia microphylla) with a small white flower in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkOrnamental bush Fukien tea tree (Ehretia microphylla) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016

7. Moltkiopsis ciliata (Forssk.) I. M. Johnston

(Lithospermum angustifolium, Lithospermum callosum, Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum latifolium, Lithospermum niveum, Moltkia callosa, Moltkia ciliata)

Common names: callous-leaved gromwell, Ghabshah, halam, stoneseed

LinkFlowers of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkBlooming Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert plant Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkMoltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert plant Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkYoung leaves of Moltkiopsis ciliata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkShoots of Moltkiopsis ciliata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkYoung plants of Moltkiopsis ciliata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkLeaves of Moltkiopsis ciliata on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkMoltkiopsis ciliata in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkHalf dry plant of Moltkiopsis ciliata in Mazhabya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkMoltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBlooming Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkInflorescence of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFlowers of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkCluster of flowers of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkPlant of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkUnusually large leaves of Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkMoltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkLarge blooming bush of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkDense blooming bush of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkBush of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) with reddish flowers near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkDensely blooming plant of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkMoltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkMoltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) at sunrise on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkBlooming Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkBack lit Moltkiopsis ciliata (local names halam, Ghabshah) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkBush of Moltkiopsis ciliata (Lithospermum ciliatum, Lithospermum angustifolium, local names halam, Ghabshah) uprooted by wind in sand near limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016

8. Ogastemma pusillum (Coss. & Dur. ex Bonnet & Barratte) Brummitt

(Eritrichium sventenii, Megastoma pusillum)

Common names: Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos

LinkDesert plant with tiny white flowers Ogastemma pusillum(?) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkTiny white flowers of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkOgastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkSmall plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos)(?) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkPlant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos)(?) with a flower on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkPlant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkLower view of a plant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkLarge bush of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkCompact bush of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkLarge compact bush of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkPlant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkPlant of Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkBlooming Ogastemma pusillum (Anchusa spinocarpos, Echinospermum spinocarpos, Lappula spinocarpos) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

XIII. Brassicaceae    Mustard Family 

1. Anastatica hierochuntica L.

Common names: birkaan, jefaiea, jumay Fatimah, kaf al athra, kaf mariam, qufayah, rose of Jericho, Virgin's Hand

Extract from Wikipedia article: Anastatica is a monotypic genus with the type species Anastatica hierochuntica. The genus is a member of the family Brassicaceae (formerly Cruciferae), in the division Magnoliophyta of the class Magnoliopsida. The plant is a small gray annual herb that rarely grows above 15 centimetres (6 in) high, and bears minute white flowers. It is a tumbleweed and a resurrection plant.

LinkDesert plant Virgin's Hand (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) near Sawda Natheel Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlooming Virgin's Hand (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant Virgin's Hand (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkVirgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkInwardly curved, woody branches of Virgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) in Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkVirgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkInwardly curved, woody branches of Virgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) taken from Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkWoody branches with seeds of Virgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) taken from Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkInwardly curved branches with seeds of Virgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) taken from Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkWoody branches of Virgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) taken from Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkCurved branches with seeds of Virgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) taken from Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkInwardly curved, woody branches of Virgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkInwardly curved branches of Virgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkBlooming Virgin's Hand (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkVirgin's Hand (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) in sand on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkSeeds of Virgin's Hand (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) in sand on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkVirgin's Hand (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkDesert plant Virgin's Hand (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) near Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkDry curved branches with seeds of Virgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica) on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkSemi-spherical plant of Virgin's Hand (Anastatica hierochuntica, local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkVirgin's Hand plant (Anastatica hierochuntica local names kaf mariam, jefaiea) in a roadside depression near Salwa Road. Qatar, April 22, 2016

2. Brassica napus L.

(Brassica campestris, Brassica carinatua, Brassica gongylodes, Brassica napobrassica, Brassica oleifera, Brassica oleracea, Brassica praecox, Brassica rapa, Brassica rutabaga, Brassica sativa, Brassica stricta, Braya campestris, Crucifera napus, Napus oleifera, Rapa napus, Raphanus napus, Sinapis napus)

Common names: oilseed rape, rapa, Rapeseed, rappi

My notes: Difficult to distinguish it from B. rapa.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Rapeseed (Brassica napus), also known as rape, oilseed rape, rapa, rappi, rapaseed (and, in the case of one particular group of cultivars, canola), is a bright-yellow flowering member of the family Brassicaceae (mustard or cabbage family), consumed in China (油菜: Mandarin Pinyin yóucài; Cantonese:yau choy) and Southern Africa as a vegetable. The name derives from the Latin for turnip, rāpa or rāpum, and is first recorded in English at the end of the 14th century. Older writers usually distinguished the turnip and rape by the adjectives 'round' and 'long' (-'rooted'), respectively. Rutabagas, Brassica napobrassica, are sometimes considered a variety of B. napus. Some botanists also include the closely related B. campestris within B. napus.

Linkrapeseed (Brassica napus)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkRapeseed (Brassica napus)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlooming rapeseed (Brassica napus)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkRosette of glossy leaves of rapeseed (Brassica napus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of rapeseed (Brassica napus)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkClose up of yellow flowers of rapeseed (Brassica napus)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkBlooming rapeseed (Brassica napus)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkBasal leaves of rapeseed (Brassica napus)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkPlant of rapeseed (Brassica napus)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSiliqua fruits of rapeseed (Brassica napus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016

3. Brassica oleracea L.

(Brassica maritima, Crucifera brassica)

Common names: wild cabbage

Extract from Wikipedia article: Brassica oleracea is the species of plant that includes many common foods as cultivars, including cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, savoy, kohlrabi and Chinese kale. In its uncultivated form it is known as wild mustard. It is native to coastal southern and western Europe. Its tolerance of salt and lime and its intolerance of competition from other plants typically restrict its natural occurrence to limestone sea cliffs, like the chalk cliffs on both sides of the English Channel.

LinkWild cabbage (Brassica oleracea(?)) on Al Aasim Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkWild cabbage (Brassica oleracea) near Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2016
LinkWild cabbage (Brassica oleracea) near Al Ghada Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 19, 2016

4. Brassica rapa L.

(Brassica campestris, Brassica dubiosa, Brassica napella, Brassica purpuraria, Brassica rutabaga)

Common names: field mustard, lift barri, wild turnip

My notes: Difficult to distinguish it from B. napus.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Brassica rapa L. is a plant consisting of various widely cultivated subspecies including the turnip (a root vegetable); the mizuna, napa cabbage, and cime di rapa (leaf vegetables); and the turnip rape (Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera, an oilseed which has many common names, including [annual] turnip rape, field mustard, bird rape, keblock, and colza).

LinkDry fruits (long-beaked siliqua) of field mustard (Brassica rapa) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkFlowers of field mustard (wild turnip, Brassica rapa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkFlower of Brassica rapa (field mustard, cabbage family) near QTel Buiding in Education City. Doha, Qatar, February 5, 2015
LinkField mustard (wild turnip, Brassica rapa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkField mustard (wild turnip, Brassica rapa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkFlowers of field mustard (wild turnip, Brassica rapa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015

5. Brassica tournefortii Gouan

(Brassica sisymbrioides, Brassica stocksii, Eruca erecta, Erucastrum minutiflorum, Erucastrum tournefortii, Sinapis caspica)

Common names: African mustard, Asian mustard, qarraS, shiltam, wild-turnip

Extract from Wikipedia article: The mustard species Brassica tournefortii is known by the common names Asian mustard, African mustard, and Sahara mustard, and is well known as an invasive species, especially in California.

LinkLower (abaxial) hairy surface of basal leaf of Sahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkBasal rosette of divided hairy leaves of Sahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkDramatic lush basal leaves with stiff hairy, lobed and serrate petioles of Sahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkEarly season seedlings of Sahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkYoung, early season plant of Sahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkSmall flowers and beaked fruits of Sahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkSmall yellow flowers of Sahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkEarly season blooming plants of Sahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkHairy basal leaves of Sahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkSahara mustard (Asian mustard, wild-turnip, Brassica tournefortii) on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016

6. Cardamine hirsuta L.

(Arabis heterophylla, Cardamine africana, Cardamine angulata, Cardamine borbonica, Cardamine fagetina, Cardamine humilis, Cardamine micrantha, Cardamine multicaulis, Cardamine parviflora, Cardamine praecox, Cardamine scutata, Cardamine simensis, Cardamine tenella, Cardamine tetrandra, Cardamine umbrosa, Cardamine virginica, Crucifera cardamine, Ghinia hirsuta, Ghinia sylvatica)

Common names: hairy bittercress

Extract from Wikipedia article: Hairy bittercress, Cardamine hirsuta, is an annual or biennial plant native to Europe and Asia, but also present in North America. The plant is a member of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), and is edible as a bitter herb. It flowers from quite early in the Spring until the Autumn.

LinkHairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) grown as weed in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 25, 2016
LinkHairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) grown as weed in wet place in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016
LinkLeaf of Hairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) taken from gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016
LinkFlowers of Hairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) taken from gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016
LinkPlant of Hairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) taken from gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016
LinkRosette of leaves of Hairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) taken from gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016
LinkClose up of a leaf of Hairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) taken from gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016

7. Eremobium aegyptiacum (Spreng.) Asch.

(Cithareloma gedrosiacum, Eremobium diffusum, Eremobium lineare, Eremobium longisiliquum, Eremobium nefudicum, Eremobium pyramidum, Hesperis diffusa, Malcolmia aegyptiaca, Malcolmia nefudica, Malcolmia pyramidum, Matthiola linearis)

Common names: Eremobium aegyptium, sleisla

LinkWhite flowers of Eremobium aegyptiacum (to the left) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkEremobium aegyptiacum in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkTiny plant of Eremobium aegyptiacum with a flower in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkEremobium aegyptiacum with flowers and fruits in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkBlooming Eremobium aegyptiacum in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkPlants of Eremobium aegyptiacum in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkEremobium aegyptiacum with opened seed pods in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkWhite and blue flowers of Eremobium aegyptiacum in sand near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBlooming Eremobium aegyptiacum in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016

8. Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.

(Brassica eruca, Brassica hispida, Brassica vesicaria, Eruca aurea, Eruca eruca, Eruca foetida, Eruca glabrescens, Eruca grandiflora, Eruca oleracea, Eruca orthosepala, Eruca permixta, Eruca sylvestris, Euzomum vesicarium, Raphanus eruca, Raphanus vesicarius, Velleruca longistyla)

Common names: Eruca sativa, jargeer, jirjeer, Lucerne, Rocket

Extract from Wikipedia article: Eruca vesicaria (syn. Brassica vesicaria L.) is a species of Eruca native to the western Mediterranean region, in Morocco, Algeria, Spain and Portugal. It is closely related to Eruca sativa; that species is included in E. vesicaria by some botanists either as a subspecies E. vesicaria subsp. sativa or not distinguished at all; E. vesicaria can be distinguished from E. sativa by its persistent sepals.

LinkRocket flower (Eruca vesicaria, Eruca sativa, Brassica eruca, Eruca eruca, local name jargeer) near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkEruca vesicaria (rocket, Eruca sativa, Brassica eruca, Eruca eruca, local name jargeer) near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkBlooming Eruca vesicaria (rocket, Eruca sativa, Brassica eruca, Eruca eruca, local name jargeer) near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkWhite flowers of Eruca vesicaria (rocket) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkClose up of white flowers of Eruca vesicaria (rocket) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkRosette of leaves of Eruca vesicaria (rocket) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkClose up of rosette of leaves of Eruca vesicaria (rocket) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkFlowers of Eruca vesicaria (rocket) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Eruca vesicaria (rocket) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkInflorescence of Eruca vesicaria (rocket) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers of Eruca vesicaria (rocket) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkEruca vesicaria (rocket) on sidewalk of Al Owaina Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 2, 2016

9. Erucaria hispanica (L.) Druce

(Bunias myagroides, Cakile myagroides, Cordylocarpus laevigatus, Erucaria aleppica, Erucaria grandiflora, Erucaria latifolia, Erucaria lineariloba, Erucaria myagroides, Erucaria tenuifolia, Raphanus hispanicus, Sinapis hispanica)

Common names: kromb al sahra, Pink Mustard, saleeh

LinkPink Mustard (Erucaria hispanica, Sinapis hispanica, Erucaria latifolia) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkPink Mustard (Erucaria hispanica, Sinapis hispanica, Erucaria latifolia) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Pink Mustard (Erucaria hispanica, Sinapis hispanica, Erucaria latifolia) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014

10. Farsetia heliophila Bunge ex Coss.

(Farsetia arabica)

LinkFarsetia heliophila with seeds on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkSeeds of Farsetia heliophila on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkFarsetia heliophila with flowers and fruits on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkFarsetia heliophila on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkFruit of Farsetia heliophila on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkFarsetia heliophila on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkAsh grey plant of Farsetia heliophila on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. North-eastern Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkBranch of Farsetia heliophila with flowers in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkFarsetia heliophila with flowers on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkGrey bushes of Farsetia heliophila on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkPlant of Farsetia heliophila with fruits on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkLarge blooming plant of Farsetia heliophila on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

11. Horwoodia dicksoniae Turrill

Common names: Khozama

LinkSeed of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkKhozama flowers (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkSmall beetle eating Khozama flowers (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkPurple Khozama flowers (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkSeeds of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkFlowers of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkKhozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkKhozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) on gravel soil near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkKhozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) on gravel plateau near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkPurple flowers of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkKhozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) on white background near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkKhozama flowers (Horwoodia dicksoniae) against blue sky near a fence of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkFruits of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) taken from a border of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, April 16, 2016
LinkClose up of round fruits of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) taken from a border of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, April 16, 2016
LinkFruits of Khozama plant (Horwoodia dicksoniae) on dark background taken from a border of Al Defai Farm in Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, April 16, 2016

12. Lepidium aucheri Boiss.

(Lepidium borsczovii, Nasturtium aucheri)

Common names: Aucher pepperwort, Pepper-grass, Rashad barri

LinkLepidium aucheri in a roadside depression of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkPepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkShoots of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkSeedling of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) in silt near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) in silt near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkBlooming seedling of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) in caked mud near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkSeedling of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) in mud near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkBlooming seedlings of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) in mud near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkRosette of leaves of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) in mud near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkYoung plant of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) in mud near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkSeedlings of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) growing on caked mud near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkYoung plants of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) growing on caked mud near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkShoots of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkPlants of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) on caked mud in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkYoung plants of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) on caked mud in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkPlant of pepper-grass (Lepidium aucheri) on mud in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

13. Lepidium bonariense L.

(Lepidium mendocinum, Nasturtium bonariense, Thlaspi bonariense)

Common names: Argentine peppercress, pepper weed

My notes: It may be a different species of Lepidium.

LinkRosette of green leaves of Argentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkSeeds of Argentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkArgentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on roadside depression of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkArgentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkArgentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkArgentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) with seeds on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkSeeds of Argentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkSeeds of Argentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkArgentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkArgentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkFruits of Argentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkFlowers and seeds of Argentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkSeeds of Argentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkFruits of Argentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkArgentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkArgentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkArgentine peppercress (Lepidium bonariense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

14. Lepidium didymum L.

(Carara didyma, Coronopus didymus, Senebiera didyma, Senebiera heleniana, Senebiera pinnatifida)

Common names: Swine Cress

My notes: Grows only on lawns in Doha.

LinkSwine cress (Lepidium didymum) on a lawn near Al Bidda Park. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkShoot of Swine cress (Lepidium didymum) near Al Bidda Park. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkFruits of Swine cress (Lepidium didymum) near Al Bidda Park. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkLeaf of Swine cress (Lepidium didymum) taken from gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016

15. Lepidium sativum L.

(Cardamon sativum, Lepia sativa, Lepidium hortense, Lepidium spinescens, Nasturtium crispum, Nasturtium sativum, Nasturtium spinescens, Thlaspidium sativum, Thlaspi sativum)

Common names: garden cress, Habba hamra, Rashad

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cress (Lepidium sativum), sometimes referred to as garden cress to distinguish it from similar plants also referred to as cress (from old Germanic cresso which means sharp, spicy), is a rather fast-growing, edible herb. Garden cress is genetically related to watercress and mustard, sharing their peppery, tangy flavor and aroma. In some regions, garden cress is known as mustard and cress, garden pepper cress, pepperwort pepper grass, or poor man's pepper.

LinkGarden cress (Lepidium sativum) on roadside in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014

16. Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv.

(Adyseton halimifolium, Adyseton maritimum, Adyseton orbiculare, Alyssum halimifolium, Alyssum maritimum, Alyssum minimum, Alyssum odoratum, Anodontea halimifolia, Clypeola halimifolia, Clypeola maritima, Crucifera koniga, Draba maritima, Glyce maritima, Koniga maritima, Koniga strigulosa, Lepidium fragrans, Lobularia strigulosa, Octadenia maritima, Ptilotrichum strigulosum)

Common names: sweet alison, sweet alyssum

Extract from Wikipedia article: Lobularia maritima syn. Alyssum maritimum, common name sweet alyssum or sweet alison, also commonly referred to as just alyssum (from the genus Alyssum in which it was formerly classified) is a species of low-growing flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae.

LinkAlyssum (Lobularia maritima) flowers in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016
LinkAlyssum (Lobularia maritima) planted in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016

17. Raphanus sativus L.

(Raphanistrum gayanum, Raphanus acanthiformis, Raphanus candidus, Raphanus gayanus, Raphanus taquetii)

Common names: fijil, fodder radish, ruweid

Extract from Wikipedia article: The radish (Raphanus sativus) is an edible root vegetable of the Brassicaceae family that was domesticated in Europe in pre-Roman times. Radishes are grown and consumed throughout the world. They have numerous varieties, varying in size, color and duration of required cultivation time. Some radishes are grown for their seeds: oilseed radishes, for instance, may be grown for oil production. Radish can sprout from seed to small plant in as little as 3 days.

LinkPurple flower of fodder radish (Raphanus sativus)(?) near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFlower of radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkRadish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkRadish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBrown butterflies on flowers of radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkClouded Yellow butterfly (Colias croceus) on flowers of radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkClouded Yellow butterfly (Colias croceus) sitting on flowers of radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBee like fly on flowers of radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBack lit Clouded Yellow butterfly (Colias croceus) on flowers of radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkClouded Yellow butterfly (Colias croceus) on a flower of radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFodder radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2015
LinkFlowers of fodder radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2015
LinkPlant of fodder radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2015
LinkRadish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkFlowers of radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkFodder radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkInflorescence of fodder radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) with aphids on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkFlowers of fodder radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkBlooming fodder radish (Raphanus sativus, local names ruweid, fijil) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkPink flowers of fodder radish (Raphanus sativus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkPink variety of flowers of fodder radish (Raphanus sativus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkWild radish (Raphanus sativus) with pink flowers on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkWild radish (Raphanus sativus) blooming in pink flowers on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkFodder radish (Raphanus sativus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

18. Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser

(Nasturtium densiflorum, Nasturtium homalospermum, Nasturtium semipinnatifidum, Rorippa nasturtioides, Sisymbrium hybridum)

Common names: bog yellowcress

Extract from Wikipedia article: Rorippa palustris is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family. It is widespread and native to parts of Africa, and much of Asia, Europe and Eurasia, North America and the Caribbean. It can also be found in other parts of the world as an introduced species and a common weed, for example, in Australia and South America. It is an adaptable plant which grows in many types of damp, wet, and aquatic habitat. It may be an annual, biennial, or perennial plant, and is variable in appearance as well.

LinkBig rosette of leaves of yellowcress Rorippa palustris or other species of Rorippa on Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkRosette of leaves of yellowcress Rorippa palustris or may be other species of Rorippa on Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016

19. Savignya parviflora parviflora (Delile) Webb

(Farsetia parviflora, Lunaria parviflora, Savignya aegyptiaca)

Common names: gilgilan, girgees, gulgulan, jaljalan, jirjees, kanad al barr, kuljuman, Small Whorled Cheeseweed

LinkTiny flower of lunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) in desert on hills of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkTiny flower of lunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) in Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkTiny flower of lunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkMalformed shoot of Savignya parviflora(?) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkSeeds of Savignya parviflora taken from area of Ras Laffan. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2014
LinkFruits of lunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) taken from desert on the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkLunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) with seeds in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkLunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) with fruits in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkSeedling of lunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkLunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkLunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) with fruits in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkLunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) on sand in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkMalformed plant of Savignya parviflora in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkMalformed plant of Savignya parviflora with galls(?) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkLunaria (Savignya parviflora, local name Gilgilan) with fruits in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkDry plant of lunaria (Savignya parviflora) near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, May 27, 2016

20. Sinapis arvensis L.

(Brassica arvensis)

Common names: charlock mustard, field mustard, khardal

Extract from Wikipedia article: Sinapis arvensis is an annual or winter annual plant of the genus Sinapis in the family Brassicaceae. It is commonly known as field mustard, wild mustard or charlock. Pieris rapae, the small white butterfly, and Pieris napi, the green veined white butterfly are significant consumers of charlock during their larval stages.

LinkYellow flowers of charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis)(?) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFlowers of charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkCharlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkCharlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis) on waste ground near Jabla Bin Atiya Street in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 22, 2016
LinkFlowers of charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis) on waste ground near Jabla Bin Atiya Street in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 22, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis) on waste ground near Jabla Bin Atiya Street in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 22, 2016
LinkInflorescence of charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis) on waste ground near Jabla Bin Atiya Street in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 22, 2016
LinkBlooming charlock mustard (Sinapis arvensis) on waste ground near Jabla Bin Atiya Street in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 22, 2016

21. Sisymbrium erysimoides Desf.

(Hesperis erysimodes, Norta erysimoides, Pachypodium erysimoides, Sisymbrium nitidulum, Sisymbrium rigidulum, Sisymbrium vilaenadalis, Velarum erysimoides, Velarum vilaenadalis)

Common names: Mediterranean rocket, smooth mustard, ThuwaT

LinkMediterranean rocket (smooth mustard, Sisymbrium erysimoides) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkMediterranean rocket (smooth mustard, Sisymbrium erysimoides) growing near Ziziphus bushes in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkSmall plant of Mediterranean rocket (smooth mustard, Sisymbrium erysimoides) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkMediterranean rocket (smooth mustard, Sisymbrium erysimoides) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016

22. Sisymbrium irio L.

(Arabis charbonnelii, Descurainia irio, Erysimum irio, Norta irio, Sisymbrium irioides, Sisymbrium maximum, Sisymbrium multisiliquosum, Sisymbrium pinnatifidum)

Common names: London rocket

Extract from Wikipedia article: London rocket, Sisymbrium irio, is a herbal plant in the family Brassicaceae. It is an annual herb exceeding three feet in height with open, slender stem branches. The flowers are small with four pale yellow petals. The basal leaves are broad and often lobed, while the upper leaves are linear in shape and up to four inches long. The fruit is a long narrow cylindrical silique which stays green when ripe. The younger pods overtop the flowers. When dried the fruit has small red oblong seeds.

LinkLondon rocket (Sisymbrium irio) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkLondon rocket (Sisymbrium irio) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015

23. Zilla spinosa spinosa (L.) Prantl

(Bunias spinosa, Zilla microcarpa, Zilla myagroides)

Common names: shabram, shaga, silla

LinkBlooming bush of Zilla spinosa (Bunias spinosa, local name shabram) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlowers of Zilla spinosa (Bunias spinosa, local name shabram) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDense flowers of Zilla spinosa (Bunias spinosa, local name shabram) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkClose up of flowers of Zilla spinosa (Bunias spinosa, local name shabram) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkLarge bush of Zilla spinosa (Bunias spinosa, local name shabram) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkFruits of Zilla spinosa carpeting the ground on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkDry seeds of Zilla spinosa on the ground on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkBush of Zilla spinosa (Bunias spinosa, local name shabram) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana. Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFlowers of Zilla spinosa (Bunias spinosa, local name shabram) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana. Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFlower of Zilla spinosa (Bunias spinosa, local name shabram) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana. Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBlooming Zilla spinosa (Bunias spinosa, local name shabram) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana. Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkZilla spinosa (local name shabram) in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkZilla spinosa (local name shabram) in a green depression in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkZilla spinosa (local name shabram) near Ziziphus bushes in a green depression in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkBush of Zilla spinosa (local name shabram) in a green depression in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkZilla spinosa (local name shabram) with green fruits in a green depression in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

XIV. Burseraceae    Frankincense Family 

1. Boswellia sacra Flueck.

(Boswellia bhaw-dajiana, Boswellia carteri, Boswellia undulatocrenata)

Common names: Frankincense tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Boswellia sacra (also frankincense and olibanum-tree) is a tree in the Burseraceae family, which is the primary tree in the genus Boswellia from which is frankincense (a resinous dried sap) is harvested. The olibanum tree is plant native to the Arabian Peninsula, specifically to the countries of Oman and Yemen, and to the Horn of Africa, specifically Somalia).

LinkFrankincense tree (Boswellia sacra) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 20, 2016

XV. Cactaceae    Cactus Family 

1. Echinocactus grusonii Hildm.

Common names: Golden Ball, Golden Barrel Cactus, Mother-in-Law's Cushion

My notes: Ornamental plant.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Echinocactus grusonii, popularly known as the Golden Barrel Cactus, Golden Ball or, amusingly, Mother-in-Law's Cushion, is a well known species of cactus, and is endemic to east-central Mexico.

LinkGolden Barrel Cactus (Echinocactus grusonii) on a lawn near back entrance of Texas A and M University in Education City campus. Doha, Qatar, March 26, 2014

2. Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.

(Cactus ficus-indica, Cactus opuntia, Opuntia arcei, Opuntia castillae, Opuntia chinensis, Opuntia cordobensis, Opuntia ficus-barbarica, Opuntia incarnadilla, Opuntia megacantha, Opuntia vulgaris, Platyopuntia vulgaris)

Common names: barbary fig, prickly pear, spineless cactus

Extract from Wikipedia article: Opuntia ficus-indica is a species of cactus that has long been a domesticated crop plant important in agricultural economies throughout arid and semiarid parts of the world. It is thought probably to have originated in Mexico. Some of the common English names for the plant and its fruit are Indian fig opuntia, Barbary fig, cactus pear, spineless cactus, and prickly pear, although this last name has also been applied to other less common Opuntia species. In Mexican Spanish, the plant is called nopal, while the fruit is called tuna, which are names also used in American English, especially as culinary terms.

LinkBarbary fig cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) growing as crop in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 20, 2016
LinkCactus pads of Barbary fig (Opuntia ficus-indica) growing as crop in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 20, 2016

XVI. Campanulaceae    Bellflower Family 

1. Lobelia erinus L.

(Dortmanna debilis, Dortmanna erinoides, Dortmanna erinus, Dortmanna flexuosa, Dortmanna lavandulacea, Dortmanna senegalensis, Enchysia erinoides, Grammatotheca erinoides, Laurentia erinoides, Lobelia acutangula, Lobelia algoensis, Lobelia altimontis, Lobelia bellidifolia, Lobelia benguellensis, Lobelia bicolor, Lobelia bracteolata, Lobelia candida, Lobelia chilawana, Lobelia dortmannii, Lobelia erinifolia, Lobelia erinoides, Lobelia filiformis, Lobelia jugosa, Lobelia keilhackii, Lobelia kohautiana, Lobelia lavendulacea, Lobelia lydenburgensis, Lobelia melsetteria, Lobelia montaguensis, Lobelia natalensis, Lobelia nuda, Lobelia nuzana, Lobelia oranjensis, Lobelia parvifolia, Lobelia polyodon, Lobelia procumbens, Lobelia pubescens, Lobelia raridentata, Lobelia rosulata, Lobelia schrankii, Lobelia senegalensis, Lobelia transvaalensis, Lobelia trierarchii, Lobelia turgida, Lobelia wildii, Monopsis conspicua, Monopsis debilis, Monopsis simplex, Rapuntium acutangulum, Rapuntium bellidifolium, Rapuntium bicolor, Rapuntium erinoides, Rapuntium erinus, Rapuntium kohautianum, Rapuntium krebsianum, Rapuntium procumbens)

Common names: Dwarf Annual Lobelia, Edging Lobelia

Extract from Wikipedia article: Lobelia erinus (edging lobelia, garden lobelia or trailing lobelia) is a species of Lobelia native to southern Africa, from Malawi and Namibia south to South Africa.

LinkDwarf Annual Lobelia (Lobelia erinus) planted in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016
LinkEdging Lobelia (Lobelia erinus) planted in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016
LinkEdging Lobelia (Lobelia erinus) growing as ornamental plant in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkEdging Lobelia (Lobelia erinus) planted in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016

XVII. Capparaceae    Caper Family 

1. Capparis spinosa mucronifolia (Boiss.) Hedge & Lam. ex R.R.Stewart

(Capparis elliptica, Capparis galeata, Capparis mucronifolia)

Common names: Caper plant, dabayee, kabar, lasaf, shafallah, shok al-homar

Extract from Wikipedia article: Capparis spinosa, the caper bush, also called Flinders rose, is a perennial winter-deciduous plant that bears rounded, fleshy leaves and large white to pinkish-white flowers. The plant is best known for the edible flower buds (capers), often used as a seasoning, and the fruit (caper berry), both of which are usually consumed pickled. Other species of Capparis are also picked along with C. spinosa for their buds or fruits. Other parts of Capparis plants are used in the manufacture of medicines and cosmetics.

LinkFlower of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkCaper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkCaper plant (Capparis spinosa) in bloom in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkBlooming Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkFruit of caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkFruits of caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkFruits of caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkDissected fruit of caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkCaper plant (Capparis spinosa) on steps of an abandoned stone house in a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 18, 2014
LinkThorny bush of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkLong shoots of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkBig flower of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkBlooming Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkWhite flower of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkLong stamens of a flower of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkSpiny butterfly of a flower of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkPink flower of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkFlowers of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkBack lit flowers of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkClose up of a flower of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkBlooming Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkFlower of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) with long stamens in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkLarge white flower of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) with long stamens in area of in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkCaper plant (Capparis spinosa) in a depression in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkRed interior of opened ripe fruit of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkRed interior with seeds of opened ripe fruit of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkOpened ripe fruits of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkRed peeling of opened ripe fruit of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkRed peeled ripe fruit with seeds of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkClose up of red interior with seeds of opened ripe fruit of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkRipe fruit split to reveal its content of red flesh and seeds of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkDissected fruit of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkOpened ripe fruit of Caper plant (Capparis spinosa) split to reveal its content of red flesh taken from area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, August 7, 2015
LinkCaper plant (Capparis spinosa) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, March 23, 2016

XVIII. Caricaceae    Papaya Family 

1. Carica papaya L.

(Carica bourgeaui, Carica hermaphrodita, Carica jamaicensis, Carica jimenezii, Carica mamaya, Carica peltata, Carica pinnatifida, Carica portoricensis, Papaya bourgeaui, Papaya carica, Papaya communis, Papaya cucumerina, Papaya papaya, Papaya peltata, Papaya sativa, Papaya vulgaris, Vasconcellea peltata)

Common names: lechosa, papaya

Extract from Wikipedia article: The papaya (/pəˈpə/ or US /pəˈpɑːjə/) (from Carib via Spanish), papaw, (/pəˈpɔː/) or pawpaw (/ˈpɔːˌpɔː/ is the fruit of the plant Carica papaya, and is one of the 22 accepted species in the genus Carica of the plant family Caricaceae. It is native to the tropics of the Americas, perhaps from southern Mexico and neighbouring Central America. It was first cultivated in Mexico several centuries before the emergence of the Mesoamerican classical civilizations.

LinkCarica papaya near Sahat Al Luqta Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkCarica papaya with flowers and fruits on Al Abeer Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkPlant of Carica papaya on Al Abeer Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkClose up of seeds inside a fruit of Carica papaya taken from Carrefour Supermarket. Doha, Qatar, July 3, 2015
LinkCross section of a fruit of Carica papaya taken from Carrefour Supermarket. Doha, Qatar, July 3, 2015
LinkSeeds in a cross section of a fruit of Carica papaya taken from Carrefour Supermarket. Doha, Qatar, July 3, 2015
LinkSeeds in a half of a fruit of Carica papaya taken from Carrefour Supermarket. Doha, Qatar, July 3, 2015
LinkCarica papaya plant near Sahat Al Luqta Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 19, 2016

XIX. Caryophyllaceae    Pink Family 

1. Herniaria hemistemon J. Gay

(Herniaria fruticosa, Herniaria sphacelata, Heterochiton hemistemon)

Common names: Ghebayra, ghubaira, makir, mouker, rupturewort, umm wajaa al kabid

LinkDesert plant Herniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) with tiny leaves and flowers in Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkSalt tolerant plant Herniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) growing in a depression in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 25, 2011
LinkHerniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) with tiny leaves in desert of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkDesert plant Herniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) with tiny leaves near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkHerniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 15, 2014
LinkHerniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) with tiny leaves on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkHerniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) growing in silt in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkYoung leaves of Herniaria hemistemon on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkYoung leaves of Herniaria hemistemon on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkYoung plant of Herniaria hemistemon on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkHerniaria hemistemon on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkHerniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) with fruits near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkHerniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkMat of Herniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkHerniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) with tiny leaves on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkPlant of Herniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkHerniaria hemistemon (local name Ghebayra) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016

2. Herniaria hirsuta hirsuta L.

(Paronychia hirsuta, Paronychia pubescens)

Common names: Eysh shawlah, ghubaira, Hairy Rupturewort, umm wajaa al kabid

Extract from Wikipedia article: Herniaria hirsuta is a species of flowering plant in the pink family known by the common name hairy rupturewort. It is native to Eurasia and North Africa, and it is known on other continents, including North America, as an introduced species. This is an annual herb with stems up to 20 centimeters long usually growing prostrate along the ground. The small, fuzzy, pale green leaves are up to about a centimeter long and coat the stems. The inflorescences appear in the leaf axils. Each contains 3 to 8 hairy green sepals and no petals. The fruit is a tiny bumpy utricle containing one seed.

LinkHairy Rupturewort (Herniaria hirsuta, local name Eysh shawlah) in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkHairy Rupturewort (Herniaria hirsuta, local name Eysh shawlah) in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkHairy Rupturewort (Herniaria hirsuta, local name Eysh shawlah) with flowers in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkProstrate plant Hairy Rupturewort (Herniaria hirsuta, local name Eysh shawlah) with flowers in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014

3. Paronychia arabica arabica (L.) DC.

(Corrigiola albella, Illecebrum arabicum, Paronychia albella, Paronychia angustifolia, Paronychia desertorum, Paronychia lenticulata)

Common names: bassisa, Silver Nailroot, simreeb

LinkSilver Nailroot (Paronychia arabica, Illecebrum arabicum) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSilver Nailroot (Paronychia arabica, Illecebrum arabicum) in sand on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlowers of Silver Nailroot (Paronychia arabica, Illecebrum arabicum) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSilver Nailroot (Paronychia arabica) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkSilver nailroot (Paronychia arabica) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkSilver nailroot (Paronychia arabica) on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkProstrate plant of silver nailroot (Paronychia arabica) on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkMat of silver nailroot (Paronychia arabica) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016

4. Polycarpaea repens repens (Forsskal) Ascherson & Schweinf.

(Corrigiola repens, Lahaya fragilis, Mollia fragilis, Polycarpaea fragilis, Polycarpaea rupicola, Polycarpa fragilis)

Common names: Kameela, makhor

LinkPolycarpaea repens on gypsum pavement (selenite) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkSlender branches with small green flowers of Polycarpaea repens (Corrigiola repens) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkPolycarpaea repens (Corrigiola repens) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkSlender branches with small green flowers of Polycarpaea repens (Corrigiola repens) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkSlender branches of Polycarpaea repens (Corrigiola repens) south from Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkPolycarpaea repens (Corrigiola repens) in sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkSlender branches of Polycarpaea repens (Corrigiola repens) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkPolycarpaea repens (Corrigiola repens) in sand near limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBlooming Polycarpaea repens and Dipterygium glaucum in sand near limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016

5. Polycarpaea robbairea (Kuntze) Greuter & Burdet

(Alsine prostrata, Polycarpaea confusa, Polycarpon delileanum, Polycarpon robbairea, Robbairea confusa, Robbairea delileana)

LinkPlant of Polycarpaea robbairea in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkPlant of Polycarpaea robbairea with flowers in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkPlant of Polycarpaea robbairea in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

6. Polycarpaea spicata Arnott

(Polycarpaea staticiformis, Polycarpa spicata)

Common names: Daqeeqa

Extract from Wikipedia article: Polycarpaea spicata is a species of plant in the Caryophyllaceae family. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. Distribution; North West of India, Arabia, Egypt, N. Australia.

LinkBasal rosette of Polycarpaea spicata on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkPolycarpaea spicata with flowers on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkBlooming Polycarpaea spicata on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkBlooming Polycarpaea spicata on sand of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkBasal rosette of leaves of Polycarpaea spicata on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkPolycarpaea spicata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016

7. Polycarpon succulentum (Delile) J.Gay

(Alsine succulenta, Arenaria succulenta, Polycarpon arabicum, Spergularia succulenta, Spergula succulenta)

My notes: May be the same as P. tetraphyllum.

LinkPlant of Polycarpon succulentum on dunes south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkSmall plant of Polycarpon succulentum on dunes south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkPlant of Polycarpon succulentum on white background on dunes south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkPlant of Polycarpon succulentum with flower buds on dunes south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkFlat plant of Polycarpon succulentum in sand south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkMat of desert plant Polycarpon succulentum in sand south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkDesert plant Polycarpon succulentum in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkMat of Polycarpon succulentum in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Polycarpon succulentum in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkYellowish plant of Polycarpon succulentum in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Polycarpon succulentum in sand on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Polycarpon succulentum on dunes south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkShoot of Polycarpon succulentum on dunes south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkFlat plant of Polycarpon succulentum on dunes south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Polycarpon succulentum on sand south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

8. Polycarpon tetraphyllum (L.) L.

(Alsine polycarpa, Holosteum tetraphyllum, Mollugo tetraphylla, Polycarpaea tetraphylla, Polycarpon floribundum)

Extract from Wikipedia article: Polycarpon tetraphyllum, commonly known as four-leaved allseed (also fourleaf allseed or fourleaf manyseed), is a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae (pinks). An annual herb growing to 15 cm in height, it is found on sandy soils, in coastal areas and on wasteland. Native to Europe, it is also naturalised in parts of North America, Australia and elsewhere. It is rare in Britain, except in the Scilly Isles.

LinkPlant of fourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) growing from a crevice on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkPlant of fourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkClose up of a plant of fourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkPlant of four-leaved allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) taken from United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkPlant of four-leaved allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on white background taken from United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkPlant of four-leaved allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) with tiny flowers taken from United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkFourleaf manyseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkFourleaf manyseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on sidewalk of United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkFourleaf manyseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on a crevice of sidewalk of United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkFourleaf manyseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on cracks of sidewalk of United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkFourleaf manyseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on pavement of sidewalk of United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkFourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) growing from crevices on pavement of sidewalk of United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkPlant of fourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on sidewalk of United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkFourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on pavement of sidewalk of United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkClose up of fourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) on pavement of sidewalk of United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkBranch of fourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) taken from sidewalk of United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkPlant of fourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) taken from United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkFourleaf allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016
LinkPolycarpon tetraphyllum taken from United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 31, 2016
LinkBranch of four-leaved allseed (Polycarpon tetraphyllum) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2016

9. Pteranthus dichotomus Forsskal

(Camphorosma pteranthus, Louichea cervina, Louichea pteranthus, Pteranthus echinatus, Pteranthus forskahlei, Pteranthus trigynus)

LinkPteranthus dichotomus growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkClose up of Pteranthus dichotomus in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014

10. Sclerocephalus arabicus Boiss.

(Paronychia sclerocarpa, Paronychia sclerocephala, Sclerocephalus aucheri)

Common names: Haras, hasak, Knucklehead Weed, thereisa, thrais

LinkSclerocephalus arabicus in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkKnucklehead Weed (Sclerocephalus arabicus, Paronychia sclerocephala, local names hasak, thereisa) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkKnucklehead Weed (Sclerocephalus arabicus, Paronychia sclerocephala, local names hasak, thereisa) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkKnucklehead Weed (Sclerocephalus arabicus, Paronychia sclerocephala, local names hasak, thereisa) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkKnucklehead Weed (Sclerocephalus arabicus, Paronychia sclerocephala, local names hasak, thereisa) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkMat of Knucklehead Weed (Sclerocephalus arabicus, Paronychia sclerocephala, local names hasak, thereisa) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkSeedlings of Knucklehead Weed (Sclerocephalus arabicus) on roadside near Ras Laffan. Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkClose up of a seedling of Knucklehead Weed (Sclerocephalus arabicus) taken from a roadside near Ras Laffan. Qatar, January 16, 2016

11. Silene arabica Boiss.

(Silene affinis, Silene nabathaea)

Common names: Arabian catchfly, terba

LinkSilene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Silene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkSilene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkSilene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) on white background in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkFlowers of Silene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkBlooming Silene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkSilene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkFlower of Silene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkInflorescence of Silene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkPlant of Silene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSilene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkSilene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkFlowers of Silene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkBlooming Silene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkSilene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) with flowers south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkSilene arabica (Silene affinis, local name terba) in bloom south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

12. Silene villosa Forssk.

(Silene canopica)

Common names: Desert Campion, terba, turbah

Extract from Wikipedia article: Silene villosa is a therophyte and an annual plant of the family Caryophyllaceae and genus Silene.

LinkDesert campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert Campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkDesert Campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in sand near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkSmall plant of desert campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkDesert Campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in bloom in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSmall blooming plant of Desert Campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkWilted flowers of Desert Campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkDesert campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkDesert campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkBlooming desert campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkFlowers of desert campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkWhite flowers of desert campion (Silene villosa, local name terba) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016

13. Spergula fallax (Lowe) E. H. L. Krause

(Lepigonum fallax, Spergula flaccida, Spergula pentandra, Spergularia fallax)

Common names: degaygah

LinkBlooming Spergula fallax (local name degaygah) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlooming Spergula fallax (local name degaygah) in a roadside depression in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlooming Spergula fallax (local name degaygah) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkCaviar like black seeds with broadly winged whitish margin of Spergula fallax (Spergula fallax, local name degaygah) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkSpergula fallax (local name degaygah) on a roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkSpergula fallax (local name degaygah) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkSeed capsules of spurry (Spergula fallax) in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkSpurry (Spergula fallax) in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkSpurry (Spergula fallax) taken from Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkOpened seed capsules of spurry (Spergula fallax) taken from Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkFruits and black seeds of spurry (Spergula fallax) taken from Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkClose up of black seeds of spurry (Spergula fallax) taken from Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkSmall plant of Spergula fallax in a roadside depression in Rawdat Rashed. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkTiny fruits of Spergula fallax in a roadside depression in Rawdat Rashed. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkSpergula fallax (local name degaygah) on a roadside near Zubara. North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkSpergula fallax (local name degaygah) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkFlowers of Spergula fallax (local name degaygah) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSpergula fallax (local name degaygah) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkSpergula fallax (local name degaygah) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkSpergula fallax (local name degaygah) in a depression in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBlack seeds of Spergula fallax on the ground in a depression in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016

14. Spergularia bocconei (Scheele) Asch. & Graebn.

(Alsine atheniensis, Alsine bocconei, Corion atheniense, Spergula bocconei, Spergula jallui, Spergularia atheniensis, Spergularia bocconi)

Common names: Boccone's sandspurry

Extract from Wikipedia article: Spergularia bocconei, Boccone's sandspurry, Greek sea-spurrey or Boccone's sea-spurrey is a species of the Spergularia genus, in the Caryophyllaceae family. It is named after the Sicilian botanist Paolo Boccone. Scheele first published it as Alsine bocconi in 1843. It was transferred to the genus Spergularia by Graebner in 1919. Pedersen placed the species in genus Spergula in 1984.

LinkBoccone's sandspurry (Spergularia bocconei)(?) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkFlowers and fruits of Boccone's sandspurry (Spergularia bocconei)(?) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBoccone's sandspurry (Spergularia bocconei)(?) on white background in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016

15. Spergularia diandra (Guss.) Boiss.

(Alsine diandra, Alsine rubra, Arenaria diandra, Arenaria salsuginea, Buda diandra, Lepigonum campestre, Lepigonum diandrum, Lepigonum glandulosum, Lepigonum melanospermum, Lepigonum salsugineum, Spergula campestris, Spergula diandra, Spergularia adenophora, Spergularia atheniensis, Spergularia balearica, Spergularia bracteata, Spergularia campestris, Spergularia nematopoda, Spergularia patens, Spergularia salsuginea, Spergularia tenuifolia, Tissa campestris, Tissa diandra)

Common names: degaygah, Sand Spurry, Umm threib

LinkViolet flowers of Sand Spurry (Spergularia diandra, Arenaria diandra, Spergula diandra, local name degaygah) in a roadside depression of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkViolet flowers of Sand Spurry (Spergularia diandra, Arenaria diandra, Spergula diandra, local name degaygah) on a roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkSand Spurry (Spergularia diandra, Arenaria diandra, Spergula diandra, local name degaygah) with a flower in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkFlowers of Sand Spurry (Spergularia diandra, Arenaria diandra, Spergula diandra, local name degaygah) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSand Spurry (Spergularia diandra, Arenaria diandra, Spergula diandra, local name degaygah) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSand Spurry (Spergularia diandra, Arenaria diandra, Spergula diandra, local name degaygah) on white background in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSand Spurry (Spergularia diandra, Arenaria diandra, Spergula diandra, local name degaygah) with flowers on white background in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSand Spurry (Spergularia diandra?) with flowers on a roadside east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSand Spurry (Spergularia diandra?) with flowers and black seeds on a roadside east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSand Spurry (Spergularia diandra, Arenaria diandra, Spergula diandra, local name degaygah) in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016

XX. Casuarinaceae    Sheoak Family 

1. Casuarina equisetifolia L.

Common names: Australian pine, hemd, she-oak

My notes: May be C. cunninghamiana.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Casuarina equisetifolia is a she-oak species of the genus Casuarina. The native range extends from Burma and Vietnam throughout Malesia east to French Polynesia, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu, and south to Australia (north of Northern Territory, north and east Queensland, and north-eastern New South Wales). Populations are also found in Madagascar, but it is doubtful if this is within the native range of the species. The species has been introduced to the Southern United States and West Africa. It is an invasive species in Florida and South Africa.

LinkTwig of Australian pine (she-oak, Casuarina equisetifolia) found in area of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 12, 2014
LinkAustralian pine (she-oak, Casuarina equisetifolia) on roadside between Al Khor and Ras Luffan. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkTwig of Australian pine (she-oak, Casuarina equisetifolia) taken from a roadside between Al Khor and Ras Luffan. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkAustralian pine (Casuarina equisetifolia) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, April 3, 2015
LinkAustralian pine (she-oak, Casuarina equisetifolia) taken from a street in Mesaieed. Qatar, July 10, 2015
LinkTrunk and fine greyish green needle-like foliage of Australian pine (she-oak, Casuarina equisetifolia) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkNeedle-like foliage of Australian pine tree (she-oak, Casuarina equisetifolia) planted along a fence in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkCones of Australian pine (she-oak, Casuarina equisetifolia) on the ground near a road to Zubara, near a fence of Darwish Farm. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkClose up of cones of Australian pine (she-oak, Casuarina equisetifolia) taken from the ground near a road to Zubara, near a fence of Darwish Farm. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016

XXI. Cistaceae    Rock Rose Family 

1. Helianthemum kahiricum Del.

(Cistus kahiricus, Helianthemum acutiflorum, Helianthemum cahiricum, Helianthemum libycum)

Common names: ragroug

LinkYellow flowers of Helianthemum kahiricum near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkInflorescence of Helianthemum kahiricum near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkTwo yellow flowers of Helianthemum kahiricum in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkFlowers of Helianthemum kahiricum in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkBlooming Helianthemum kahiricum in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkHelianthemum kahiricum on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit, with ribbed fruits on a small plant of Grey Hare's Ear (Bupleurum semicompositum) in background. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of Helianthemum kahiricum on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015

2. Helianthemum ledifolium (L.) Mill.

(Cistus imbricatus, Cistus ledifolius, Cistus niloticus, Helianthemum apertum, Helianthemum lasiocarpum, Helianthemum niloticum)

LinkSmall plants of sunrose (Helianthemum ledifolium) in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSmall plants of sunrose (Helianthemum ledifolium) extracted from grass in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSmall sunrose (Helianthemum ledifolium) in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSmall plants of sunrose (Helianthemum ledifolium) on white background in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBlooming sunrose (Helianthemum ledifolium) in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSunrose flowers (Helianthemum ledifolium) among grass in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016

3. Helianthemum lippii (L.) Dum. -Courset

(Cistus lippii, Helianthemum albicans, Helianthemum lavandulifolium, Helianthemum rosmarinifolium)

Common names: Cistum sessiliflorum, Helianthemum sessiliflorum, ragroug

LinkHelianthemum lippii (local name raqrouq), a host plant for truffles, desert mushrooms that are gathered in spring. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkSeedling of Helianthemum lippii (local name raqrouq) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkHelianthemum lippii (local name raqrouq) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkCaterpillar feeding on Helianthemum lippii in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkAccumulation of seeds of Helianthemum lippii on the ground on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

XXII. Cleomaceae    Cleome Family 

1. Cleome amblyocarpa Barr. & Murb.

(Cleome africana, Cleome arabica, Cleome daryoushiana)

Common names: Spider Flower

LinkRare desert spider flower Cleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert spider flower Cleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert spider flower Cleome amblyocarpa near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert spider flower Cleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkCleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) with fruits and flowers on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkFlowers of Cleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkFruits of Cleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkPlant of Cleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) on white background on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkDesert spider flower Cleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) with seed pods on roadside in Al Ameria near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkDesert spider flower Cleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) with seed pods in windblown sand on roadside in Al Ameria near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkPlants of desert spider flower Cleome Clover (Cleome amblyocarpa) on roadside in Al Ameria near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016

2. Cleome noeana noeana

(Cleome quinquenervia)

Common names: khaysa, zephra

My notes: Was completely absent in fall of 2015 because of dry weather.

LinkLeaves of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkRosette of leaves of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkRosette of leaves with glandular hairs of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkGlandular hairs of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkPlant of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkDepression among hills overgrown by plants of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkPlants of Cleome noeana growing on rocky terrain near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkOne of plants of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkPlants of Cleome noeana with seeds growing on rocky terrain near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkCleome noeana growing on rocks near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkPlants of Cleome noeana growing on a shallow valley near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkFlowers and ovary of Cleome noeana growing near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkSeed pods of Cleome noeana growing near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkShoot of Cleome noeana growing near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkLeaves of Cleome noeana growing near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkSmall blooming plant of Cleome noeana growing near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkClose up of seeds of Cleome noeana growing near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkGlandular hairs on leaves of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkGlandular hairs on seed pods of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkClose up of a leaf of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkClose up of a fruit of Cleome noeana with seeds near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkClose up of a seed pod of Cleome noeana taken Fuwairit in Northern Qatar, October 4, 2014
LinkSeed pods of Cleome noeana taken Fuwairit in Northern Qatar, October 4, 2014
LinkPlant of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkPlant of Cleome noeana with seeds growing between hills near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkYoung plant of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkPlant of Cleome noeana in desert near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkYoung plant of Cleome noeana with flowers near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkBlooming plant of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkClose up of flowers of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkPlant of Cleome noeana with yellow leaves near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkClose up of a leaf of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkFlower spike of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkSmall flowers of plant of Cleome noeana near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkDry plant of Cleome noeana south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, November 21, 2014
LinkCleome noeana on a gravel spot near a beach in Marouna. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkDry plants of Cleome noeana near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya site, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 21, 2015
LinkSeedling of Cleome noeana south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkSticky leaves of a seedling of Cleome noeana south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkSticky leaves of a seedling of Cleome noeana with collected seeds south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

3. Dipterygium glaucum Decne.

(Dipterygium scabrum, Pteroloma arabicum, Pteroloma glaucum)

Common names: Alqa, Cleome pallida Kotschy

LinkBlooming shrub Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkSmall yellow flowers of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkDry bush of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkBush of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkYellow flower of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkSmall yellow flower on a bush of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkBlooming bush of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkBush of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) on a sand mound on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkHabitat of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkFlowers on a bush of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkDipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkBlooming Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkFlowers and fruits of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkFlowers and fruits of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) on white background on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkFlowers Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkDipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) near Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkFruits of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkDipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) with flowers and fruits in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkBush of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) with flowers and fruits in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkBlooming bush of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkHabitat of Dipterygium glaucum in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkBlooming bushes of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkDipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkFresh shoots and a dry plant of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkDipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkFlowers of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkDipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkDipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in a wadi near limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkDipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) on a stony ground in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkLarge half dry bush of Dipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkDipterygium glaucum (Cleome pallida Kotschy, Dipterygium scabrum) in windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016

XXIII. Combretaceae    Indian Almond Family 

1. Combretum indicum (L.) DeFilipps

(Kleinia quadricolor, Mekistus sinensis, Quisqualis ebracteata, Quisqualis glabra, Quisqualis grandiflora, Quisqualis indica, Quisqualis longiflora, Quisqualis loureiroi, Quisqualis madagascariensis, Quisqualis obovata, Quisqualis pubescens, Quisqualis sinensis, Quisqualis spinosa, Quisqualis villosa)

Common names: Burma Creeper, Chinese Honeysuckle, Cocuisa, Corazon de hombre, Cuiscualis, Rangoon Creeper

Extract from Wikipedia article: Combretum indicum, also known as the Chinese honeysuckle or Rangoon creeper, is a vine with red flower clusters and is found in Asia. It is found in many other parts of the world either as a cultivated ornamental or run wild. Other names for the plant include Quiscual (in Spanish), Niyog-niyogan (in Filipino), Madhu Malti or Madhumalti (in Hindi), Malati ( মালতী in Assamese), Akar Dani (in Malay) and Radha Manoharam (in Telugu).

LinkRangoon Creeper (Quisqualis indica, Burma Creeper, Chinese Honeysuckle) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkRed and white flowers of Rangoon Creeper (Quisqualis indica, Burma Creeper, Chinese Honeysuckle) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 17, 2014

2. Conocarpus lancifolius Engl.

(Anogeissus latifolia, Conocarpus niloticus)

Common names: damas

Extract from Wikipedia article: Conocarpus lancifolius, one of two species in the genus Conocarpus, is a tree in the family Combretaceae native to coastal and riverine areas of Somalia, Djibouti, and Yemen. It is found throughout the Horn of Africa, the Arabian peninsula, and South Asia.

LinkRunaway camel eating planted damas trees (Conocarpus lancifolius) as fodder near Haloul Street area in Abu Hamour. Doha, Qatar, April 5, 2013
LinkSeeds of damas trees (Conocarpus lancifolius) near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkBlooming damas tree (Conocarpus lancifolius) in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 25, 2014
LinkAlley of damas trees (Conocarpus lancifolius) in a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 18, 2014
LinkBranch of damas tree (Conocarpus lancifolius) with flowers taken from area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 21, 2015

3. Terminalia catappa L.

(Badamia commersoni, Buceras catappa, Bucida buceras, Juglans catappa, Myrobalanus badamia, Myrobalanus catappa, Myrobalanus commersonii, Myrobalanus procera, Myrobalanus rubrigemmis, Myrobalanus terminalia, Terminalia badamia, Terminalia intermedia, Terminalia kydiana, Terminalia latifolia, Terminalia mauritiana, Terminalia moluccana, Terminalia myrobalana, Terminalia ovatifolia, Terminalia paraensis, Terminalia procera, Terminalia rubrigemmis, Terminalia subcordata)

Common names: Bengal almond, Louz Bahraini, Louz Hindi

Extract from Wikipedia article: Terminalia catappa is a large tropical tree in the leadwood tree family, Combretaceae, that grows mainly in the tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Australia. It is known by the common names Bengal almond, country almond, Indian almond, Malabar almond, sea almond, and tropical almond.

LinkBengal almond tree (Terminalia catappa) with a fruit on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkBengal almond tree (Terminalia catappa) with flowers on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkFruits of Bengal almond tree (Terminalia catappa) found in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkCut fruit of Bengal almond tree (Terminalia catappa) found in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkBurgundy foliage of Bengal almond tree (Terminalia catappa) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2016
LinkBurgundy color of a leaf of Bengal almond tree (Terminalia catappa) on grass in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2016
LinkFoliage of Bengal almond tree (Terminalia catappa) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016

XXIV. Convolvulaceae    Morning Glory Family 

1. Convolvulus arvensis

Common names: Bindweed, fatgha, oleiq, ollaig, ullayq

Extract from Wikipedia article: Convolvulus arvensis (field bindweed) is a species of bindweed in the morning glory family (Convolvulaceae), native to Europe and Asia. It is a climbing or creeping herbaceous perennial plant growing to 0.5–2 m high. The leaves are spirally arranged, linear to arrowhead-shaped, 2–5 cm long and alternate, with a 1–3 cm petiole. The flowers are trumpet-shaped, 1-2.5 cm diameter, white or pale pink, with five slightly darker pink radial stripes. Flowering occurs in the mid-summer, when white to pale pink, funnel-shaped flowers develop. Flowers are approximately 0.75-1 in. (1.9-2.5 cm) across and are subtended by small bracts. Fruit are light brown, rounded and 1/8 in. (0.3 cm) wide. Each fruit contains 2 seeds that are eaten by birds and can remain viable in the soil for decades.

LinkMorning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis(?)) on roadside in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkMorning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) near Wahhab (State) Mosque. Doha, Qatar, September 6, 2014
LinkMorning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFlower of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) eaten by insects on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkPink flowers of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlooming Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkWhite flowers of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkPink flower of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFlower of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBlooming Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkCaterpillar eating flower of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkClose up of a flower of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkTwo flowers of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkPink flower of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkMoth on a white flower of Morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkMorning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkMorning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkMorning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015

2. Convolvulus cephalopodus

Common names: bindweed, Khatme, morning glory

LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkFlower of desert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkDesert species of Morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus?) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkFlower of a desert species of Morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus?) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkBlooming desert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert species of morning glory (bindweed, Convolvulus cephalopodus) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBindweed (Convolvulus cephalopodus)(?) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkMorning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) in sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkBasal rosette of leaves of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 11, 2016
LinkRosette of leaves of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) with flower buds on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkHairy flower buds of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkMorning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) with emerging flowers on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkBlooming seedling of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkMorning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) against blue sky on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) against blue sky on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkMorning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) with flowers on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBlooming plants morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkFlowers of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkLower view morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkUpper view morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPlants of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPink flowers of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkLower view of pink flowers of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkWhite flowers of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPink flowers of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkMasses of pink flowers of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBlooming of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkMorning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) with white flowers on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkMorning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) with light pink flowers on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkMorning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) with masses of pink flowers on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPlants of Morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkBlooming Morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkWhite flowers of Morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkMorning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) in bloom on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkMorning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) with white flowers on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkField of blooming Morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on waste ground at the entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkLarge bush of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on waste ground at the entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkWhite flowers of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on waste ground at the entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkUpper view of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on waste ground at the entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkLower view of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on waste ground at the entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkBlooming morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on waste ground at the entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkFlowers of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) on waste ground at the entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus cephalopodus) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016

3. Convolvulus fatmensis Kunze

(Convolvulus amblyocalyx, Convolvulus hastatus)

Common names: oleiq

LinkFlower bud of bindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkClose up of shoots of bindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkBindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkProstrate species of bindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkFruits of bindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkFruits of bindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) taken from a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBlooming bindweed Convolvulus fatmensis in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkFlower of bindweed Convolvulus fatmensis in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkFlower and fruits of bindweed Convolvulus fatmensis in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkSeedling of bindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkSeedlings of bindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBlooming bindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkBindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) with a flower in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkBindweed (Convolvulus fatmensis) with a flower extracted from windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, February 26, 2016

4. Convolvulus auricomus (A. Rich) Bhandari

(Convolvulus capitatus, Convolvulus faurotii, Convolvulus glomeratus, Ipomoea auricoma)

Common names: oleiq, ullayq

LinkFlowers of bindweed (Convolvulus glomeratus, Convolvulus auricomus) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkFlower buds of bindweed (Convolvulus glomeratus, Convolvulus auricomus) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkSeedling of bindweed (Convolvulus glomeratus, Convolvulus auricomus) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkSeedlings of bindweed (Convolvulus glomeratus, Convolvulus auricomus) on roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkBlooming bindweed (Convolvulus glomeratus, Convolvulus auricomus) on roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkFlower of bindweed (Convolvulus glomeratus, Convolvulus auricomus) on roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkBlooming bindweed (Convolvulus glomeratus, Convolvulus auricomus) under a fence on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkBindweed (Convolvulus glomeratus, Convolvulus auricomus) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkBindweed (Convolvulus glomeratus, Convolvulus auricomus) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016

5. Convolvulus pilosellifolius Desr.

Common names: bindweed, haTHmy, malbo, melbow, morning glory, rakham, rukheima

LinkFlowers of bindweed (morning glory, Convolvulus pilosellifolius) in sand near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkBlooming bindweed (Convolvulus pilosellifolius(?)) on side of Al Luqta Street, near to Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkFlower of bindweed (Convolvulus pilosellifolius(?)) taken from a sandy area between Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkCrested form (abnormal growth, forma cristata) of bindweed (Convolvulus pilosellifolius)(?) on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkYellow-white chlorotic leaves of bindweed (morning glory, Convolvulus pilosellifolius)(?) in a green depression in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

6. Convolvulus prostratus Forssk.

(Convolvulus heterotrichus, Convolvulus microphyllus, Convolvulus parvifolius, Convolvulus pluricaulis, Convolvulus scindicus, Convolvulus spicifolius, Evolvulus ferrugineus, Evolvulus pilosus, Ipomoea microphylla)

Common names: Bushy bindweed, khatmi

LinkDesert species of morning glory (Convolvulus prostratus)(?) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 31, 2012
LinkBindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) with white flowers on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkBindweed (Convolvulus prostratus(?)) in a wadi on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkBlooming bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus)(?) on Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus)(?) on Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkBindweed Convolvulus prostratus(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFlowers of bindweed Convolvulus prostratus(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus)(?) from a roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus)(?) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) with flowers in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkBlooming bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkOverwintering plant of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkRosette of silvery leaves of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkFlower of bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) with soft silvery leaves on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkOverwintering plant of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) near the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkWhite flowers of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkCMR (blister, or oil) beetle (Meloidae) on flowers of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkBlooming bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) in Al Ameria near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkWhite flower of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkFlowers of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus) in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkBushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkBlooming bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkWhite flowers of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkFlowers of bushy bindweed (Convolvulus prostratus, morning glory) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

7. Cressa cretica L.

(Cressa arabica, Cressa australis, Cressa ballii, Cressa humifusa, Cressa indica, Cressa intermedia, Cressa loscosii, Cressa microphylla, Cressa monosperma, Cressa villosa)

Common names: alkali weed, didyma, nedaiwa, neddewa, Rosin Weed, Senebiera, shuwal

LinkRosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) taken from northern corner of crossing of Al Corniche and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 22, 2014
LinkFlower buds of Rosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) taken from northern corner of crossing of Al Corniche and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 22, 2014
LinkRosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) blooming on northern corner of crossing of Al Corniche and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 4, 2014
LinkRosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) taken from northern corner of crossing of Al Corniche and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 4, 2014
LinkRosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) on Al Markhiya Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2014
LinkRosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) at entrance of Film City in Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkBlooming Rosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkBlooming Rosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) with stone fence background in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkRosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) growing in a silty depression Thaghab Al Majda near a road to Zubara. Qatar, December 5, 2015
LinkRosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016
LinkBlooming rosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016
LinkRosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) on white background on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016
LinkMasses of plants of rosin Weed (Cressa cretica, local names Senebiera, didyma, nedaiwa) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016

8. Cuscuta campestris Yunck.

(Cuscuta arvensis, Cuscuta pentagona)

Common names: field dodder, golden dodder, shabbakah

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cuscuta campestris, with the common names field dodder, golden dodder, large-seeded alfalfa dodder, yellow dodder and prairie dodder, is a parasitic plant which belongs to the family Convolvulaceae. It was formerly classified in the family Cuscutaceae.

LinkField, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) parasitizing on alfalfa in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkField dodder (Cuscuta campestris) with flowers parasitizing on alfalfa in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkField, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkField, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkGolden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) spreading on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of field, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkClose up of flowers of field, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkClose up of fruits of field, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkFruits of field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkClose up of golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkField, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkField, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015
LinkField, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) spreading around grass tufts on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015
LinkField, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 22, 2016
LinkField, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkShoots of golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkField, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on fleabane daisy on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkBlooming field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkMasses of field, or golden dodder (Cuscuta campestris) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

9. Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.

(Ipomoea natans, Ipomoea repens, Ipomoea reptans, Ipomoea sagittifolia, Ipomoea subdentata)

Common names: kangkong, river spinach, swamp cabbage, water convolvulus, water morning glory, water spinach

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ipomoea aquatica is a semiaquatic, tropical plant grown as a vegetable for its tender shoots and leaves. It is found throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, although it is not known where it originated. This plant is known in English as water spinach, river spinach, water morning glory, water convolvulus, or by the more ambiguous names Chinese spinach, Chinese Watercress, Chinese convolvulus, swamp cabbage or kangkong in Southeast Asia. Occasionally, it has also been mistakenly called "kale" in English, although kale is a strain of mustard belonging to the species Brassica oleracea and is completely unrelated to water spinach, which is a species of morning glory. It is known as phak bung in Thai and Laotian, ong choy in Cantonese, kongxincai (空心菜) in Mandarin Chinese, rau muống in Vietnamese, kangkong in Tagalog, ကန်စွန်း, gazun in Myanmar, trokuon (ត្រកួន) in Khmer, kolmou xak in Assamese, kalmi saag in Hindi, kalmi shak in Bengali, Thooti Koora in Telugu, kangkung in Indonesian, Malay and Sinhalese and hayoyo in Ghana. In Suriname (South-America) it's known as dagoeblad or dagublad.

LinkWater morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) near a water leakage site near sand processing plant near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkWhite flowers of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) near a water leakage site near sand processing plant near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkWhite flowers of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on northern corner of Umm Enaig Housing Community near a hospital (Jeri Al Ramli). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkBlooming water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on northern corner of Umm Enaig Housing Community near a hospital (Jeri Al Ramli). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkHabitat of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on northern corner of Housing Community near a hospital. Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkLarge white flowers of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on northern corner of Umm Enaig Housing Community near a hospital (Jeri Al Ramli). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkMasses of white flowers of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on northern corner of Umm Enaig Housing Community near a hospital (Jeri Al Ramli). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkThree white flowers of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on northern corner of Umm Enaig Housing Community near a hospital (Jeri Al Ramli). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkTwo white flowers of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on northern corner of Umm Enaig Housing Community near a hospital (Jeri Al Ramli). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkClose up of a white flower of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on northern corner of Umm Enaig Housing Community near a hospital (Jeri Al Ramli). Al Khor, Qatar, November 14, 2015
LinkWater morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on a sewage pond near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkSpreading plant of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on a sewage pond near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkShoots of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on a sewage pond near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkLeaves of water morning glory (water spinach, water convolvulus, Ipomoea aquatica) on a sewage pond near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

10. Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.

(Batatas batatas, Batatas edulis, Batatas glaucifolius, Batatas wallii, Batatas xanthorhiza, Convolvulus acuminatus, Convolvulus batatas, Convolvulus candicans, Convolvulus chrysorhizus, Convolvulus cordatifolius, Convolvulus cordifolius, Convolvulus edulis, Convolvulus esculentus, Convolvulus essequebensis, Convolvulus glaucifolius, Convolvulus macrorhizus, Convolvulus panduratus, Convolvulus platanifolius, Convolvulus roseus, Convolvulus scaber, Convolvulus septangularis, Convolvulus tuberifer, Convolvulus tuberosus, Convolvulus varius, Ipomoea alba, Ipomoea candicans, Ipomoea catesbaei, Ipomoea davidsoniae, Ipomoea edulis, Ipomoea fastigiata, Ipomoea glaucifolia, Ipomoea mucronata, Ipomoea purpusii, Ipomoea scabra, Ipomoea vulsa, Ipomoea wallii, Pharbitis forskoeli, Tirtalia pandurata)

Common names: morning glory, sweet potato

Extract from Wikipedia article: The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the family Convolvulaceae. Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting, tuberous roots are a root vegetable. The young leaves and shoots are sometimes eaten as greens. Ipomoea batatas is native to the tropical regions in America. Of the approximately 50 genera and more than 1,000 species of Convolvulaceae, I. batatas is the only crop plant of major importance—some others are used locally, but many are poisonous. The sweet potato is only distantly related to the potato (Solanum tuberosum) and does not belong to the nightshade family.

LinkFlower of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 27, 2014
LinkShoot of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 27, 2014
LinkFlower of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) taken from Al Sham Street(?) in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 4, 2016
LinkLeaves of cultivated sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkField of cultivated sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) in a small kitchen garden on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016

11. Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet

(Batatas cavanillesii, Batatas pulchella, Batatas senegalensis, Batatas venosa, Cleiemera guinensis, Convolvulus bellus, Convolvulus cairicus, Convolvulus cavanillesii, Convolvulus digitatus, Convolvulus heptaphyllus, Convolvulus limphaticus, Convolvulus longiflorus, Convolvulus lupulifolia, Convolvulus lymphaticus, Convolvulus mucronatus, Convolvulus pendulus, Convolvulus quinquelobus, Convolvulus tenuifolius, Convolvulus tuberculatus, Convolvulus venosus, Convolvulus vittatus, Ipomoea bouvetii, Ipomoea cavanillesii, Ipomoea digitifolia, Ipomoea frutescens, Ipomoea funaria, Ipomoea heptaphylla, Ipomoea mendesii, Ipomoea palmata, Ipomoea pendula, Ipomoea pentaphylla, Ipomoea pulchella, Ipomoea quinqueloba, Ipomoea senegalensis, Ipomoea stipulacea, Ipomoea tuberculata, Ipomoea tuberculosa, Ipomoea tuberosa, Ipomoea vesiculosa, Tirtalia quinqueloba)

Common names: Cairo Morning Glory, Coast Morning Glory, Messina Creeper, Mile-a-minute Vine

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ipomoea cairica morning glory has many common names, including Mile-a-minute Vine, Messina Creeper, Cairo Morning Glory, Coast Morning Glory and Railroad Creeper. This vining perennial has palmate leaves and large, showy white to lavender flowers. Each fruit matures at about 1 cm across and contains hairy seeds.

LinkCoast morning glory (Ipomoea cairica) at Salah Al Deen Street, Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, June 1, 2013
LinkCoast morning glory (Ipomoea cairica) carpeting a wall on Salah Al Deen Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda neighborhood. Doha, Qatar, January 31, 2014
LinkFlowers of coast morning glory (Ipomoea cairica) on Salah Al Deen Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda neighborhood. Doha, Qatar, January 31, 2014
LinkCoast morning glory (Ipomoea cairica) on Salah Al Deen Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014

12. Ipomoea carnea

Common names: pink morning glory

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ipomoea carnea, the pink morning glory, is a species of morning glory. This flowering plant has heart-shaped leaves that are a rich green and 6–9 inches long. It can be easily grown from seeds which are toxic and it can be hazardous to cattle; the toxicity is related to the bioaccumulation of selenium species in leaves but mostly in seeds

LinkPink morning glory (Ipomoea carnea) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkFlowers of pink morning glory (Ipomoea carnea) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBlooming pink morning glory (Ipomoea carnea) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkPink morning glory (Ipomoea carnea) with flowers in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkClose up of a flower of pink morning glory (Ipomoea carnea) with flowers in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015

13. Ipomoea pes-caprae

Common names: bayhops, beach morning glory, goats foot creeper, railroad vine

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ipomoea pes-caprae, also known as Beach Morning Glory or Goat's Foot, is a common pantropical creeping vine belonging to the family Convolvulaceae. It grows on the upper parts of beaches and endures salted air. It is one of the most common and most widely distributed salt tolerant plants and provides one of the best known examples of oceanic dispersal. Its seeds float and are unaffected by salt water.

LinkBeach morning glory (railroad vine, Ipomoea pes-caprae) on a concrete fence on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkFlowers of beach morning glory (railroad vine, Ipomoea pes-caprae) on a concrete fence on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkBlooming beach morning glory (railroad vine, Ipomoea pes-caprae) on a concrete fence on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkBlooming beach morning glory (railroad vine, Ipomoea pes-caprae) on a concrete fence on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 27, 2014
LinkFlower of beach morning glory (railroad vine, Ipomoea pes-caprae) on a concrete fence on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 27, 2014
LinkBeach morning glory (railroad vine, Ipomoea pes-caprae) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016

14. Jacquemontia pentanthos (Jacq.) G. Don

(Convolvulus azureus, Convolvulus canescens, Convolvulus pentanthos, Convolvulus penthanthus, Convolvulus violaceus, Ipomoea canescens, Jacquemontia azurea, Jacquemontia canescens, Jacquemontia elongata, Jacquemontia houseana, Jacquemontia violacea)

Common names: Skyblue clustervine

LinkFlowers of ornamental plant skyblue clustervine (Jacquemontia pentanthos) on Al Amir Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkSkyblue clustervine (Jacquemontia pentanthos, ornamental vine) on Al Amir Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016

15. Merremia dissecta (Jacquin) Hallier f.

(Convolvulus dissectus, Convolvulus kleinii, Convolvulus pauciflorus, Convolvulus reniformis, Convolvulus variabilis, Ipomoea arnottiana, Ipomoea dissecta, Ipomoea diversifolia, Ipomoea prunetii, Ipomoea sinuata, Ipomoea subpedata, Ipomoea thonningii, Ipomoea verrucosa, Operculina dissecta, Tirtalia dissecta)

Common names: Alamo Vine

LinkAlamo Vine (Merremia dissecta)(?) on Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkAlamo Vine (Merremia dissecta)(?) with fruits on Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkAlamo Vine (Merremia dissecta)(?) on Al Abeer Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016

XXV. Cucurbitaceae    Cucumber Family 

1. Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrader

(Citrullus dimidiens, Citrullus nubica, Citrullus pseudocolocynthis, Colocynthis officinalis, Colocynthis officinarum, Colocynthis vulgaris, Cucumis bipinnatifidus, Cucumis colocynthis, Cucumis pseudocolocynthis, Cucurbita colocyntha)

Common names: Bitter gourd, desert squash, Hadaj, handal, Handhal, murrah, shary

Extract from Wikipedia article: Citrullus colocynthis, commonly known as the colocynth, bitter apple, bitter cucumber, desert gourd, egusi, or vine of Sodom (Sanskrit: Gavakshi गवाक्षी, Indarvaruni इंद्रवारूणी), Tamil: பேய்க்கொம்மட்டி is a desert viny plant native to the Mediterranean Basin and Asia, especially Turkey (especially in regions such as İzmir), Nubia and Trieste. It resembles a common watermelon vine but bears small, hard fruits with a bitter pulp. It originally bore the scientific name Colocynthis citrullus, but is now classified as Citrullus colocynthis.

LinkField of desert watermellons Citrullus colocynthis (Cucumis colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (Cucumis colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlower of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (Cucumis colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (bitter apples, Cucumis colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkRotten last year bitter gourd (Citrullus colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkField of rotten desert gourd (Citrullus colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkLeaves of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (bitter apples, Cucumis colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkShoot of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (bitter apples, Cucumis colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkFruit of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (bitter apples, Cucumis colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) near Karaana (Karana, Al Kiranah), south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkBlooming desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (local names handal, shary, Handhal) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkFlower of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (local names handal, shary, Handhal) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkFlower of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis taken from roadside of Salwa Road. Southern Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkDesert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (Cucumis colocynthis) taken from area of Al Khor. Qatar, December 5, 2014
LinkFruit of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (bitter apples) taken from a road to Al Jumayliyah in north-western Qatar, December 6, 2014
LinkDissected fruits of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (bitter apples) taken from a road to Al Jumayliyah in north-western Qatar, December 6, 2014
LinkSeeds of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (bitter apples) taken from a road to Al Jumayliyah in north-western Qatar, December 6, 2014
LinkDesert gourd Citrullus colocynthis at the entrance of Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkWatermelon like fruits of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis at the entrance of Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkDesert gourd Citrullus colocynthis with fruits at the entrance of Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkFruits of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis at the entrance of Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkDesert gourd Citrullus colocynthis in sandy depression at the entrance of Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkField of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis in a depression at the entrance of Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkLarge vine of desert gourd (Citrullus colocynthis) growing over a bush of Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkField of desert gourd (Citrullus colocynthis) near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkLarge plant of desert gourd Citrullus colocynthis on a Ziziphus bush in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkDesert gourd Citrullus colocynthis in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkDesert gourd Citrullus colocynthis (Cucumis colocynthis, local names handal, shary, Handhal) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkSeedling of bitter gourd (Citrullus colocynthis) on roadside of a road to Umm Hota Village, near Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, February 5, 2016

2. Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura & Nakai

(Anguria citrullus, Citrullus amarus, Citrullus anguria, Citrullus aquosus, Citrullus battich, Citrullus caffer, Citrullus caffrorum, Citrullus chodospermus, Citrullus citrullus, Citrullus colocynthis, Citrullus edulis, Citrullus pasteca, Citrullus vulgaris, Colocynthis amarissima, Colocynthis citrullus, Cucumis amarissimus, Cucumis citrullus, Cucumis colocynthis, Cucumis dissectus, Cucumis edulis, Cucumis laciniosus, Cucumis vulgaris, Cucurbita anguria, Cucurbita caffra, Cucurbita citrullus, Cucurbita gigantea, Cucurbita pinnatifida, Momordica lanata)

Common names: watermelon

LinkYellow flower of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016

3. Cucumis prophetarum prophetarum

(Cucumis amarus, Cucumis anguria, Cucumis arabicus, Cucumis foetidus, Cucumis mascatensis, Cucumis pustulatus)

Common names: hadaj, hadak, henaidhlan, wild gourd

LinkFlower of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkGreen fruits of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkWild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkYellow flower with ovary of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkRipe fruit of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkYellow fruit on a plant of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkClose up of a ripe yellow fruit of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkClose up of a green fruit of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkFruit of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) taken from roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkGreen fruit of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) taken from roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkDissected fruit of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) taken from roadside of a road to Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkRipe fruit of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) taken from Umm Houtah in Southern Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkSeeds of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) taken from Umm Houtah in Southern Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkSeeds of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on dark background taken from Umm Houtah in Southern Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkWild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkFlower of wild gourd (Cucumis prophetarum) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016

4. Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.

(Cucumis bicirrha, Cucumis lagenaria, Cucumis mairei, Cucurbita ciceraria, Cucurbita idolatrica, Cucurbita idololatrica, Cucurbita lagenaria, Cucurbita leucantha, Cucurbita pyriformis, Cucurbita siceraria, Cucurbita vittata, Lagenaria bicornuta, Lagenaria idolatrica, Lagenaria lagenaria, Lagenaria leucantha, Lagenaria microcarpa, Lagenaria vulgaris)

Common names: bottle gourd, calabash

Extract from Wikipedia article: The calabash, bottle gourd, or white-flowered gourd, Lagenaria siceraria (synonym Lagenaria vulgaris Ser.), also known as opo squash (from Tagalog: upo) or long melon, is a vine grown for its fruit, which can either be harvested young and used as a vegetable, or harvested mature, dried, and used as a bottle, utensil, or pipe. The fresh fruit has a light-green smooth skin and a white flesh. Rounder varieties are called calabash gourds. They grow in a variety of shapes: they can be huge and rounded, small and bottle shaped, or slim and serpentine, more than a metre long. Because bottle gourds are also called "calabashes", they are sometimes confused with the hard, hollow fruits of the unrelated calabash tree, Crescentia cujete, whose fruits are also used to make utensils, containers, and musical instruments. The gourd was one of the first cultivated plants in the world, grown not primarily for food, but for use as water containers. The bottle gourd may have been carried from Africa to Asia, Europe, and the Americas in the course of human migration, or by seeds floating across the oceans inside the gourd. It has been proven to be in the New World prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus.

LinkFlower of bottle gourd (calabash, Lagenaria siceraria) on Al Abeer Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016
LinkBottle gourd (calabash, Lagenaria siceraria) on a fence on Al Abeer Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016

5. Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem.

(Bryonia cheirophylla, Cucumis acutangulus, Cucumis lineatus, Cucumis megacarpus, Cucumis pentandrus, Luffa acutangula, Luffa aegyptiaca, Luffa arabum, Luffa cattu-picinna, Luffa clavata, Luffa cordata, Luffa hederacea, Luffa insularum, Luffa jacquinii, Luffa leiocarpa, Luffa leucosperma, Luffa luffa, Luffa parvala, Luffa pentandra, Luffa petola, Luffa racemosa, Luffa satpatia, Luffa scabra, Luffa striata, Luffa subangulata, Luffa veitchii, Luffa vittata, Melothria touchanensis, Momordica carinata, Momordica cylindrica, Momordica luffa, Momordica operculata, Momordica reticulata, Poppya fabiana, Turia cordata, Turia cylindrica, Turia sativa)

Common names: dishrag gourd, Vietnamese gourd

My notes: Some of pictures may show different species.

LinkVietnamese gourd (Luffa cylindrica) at a door near B Ring Road in Al Doha Al Jadeeda neighborhood. Doha, Qatar, January 31, 2014
LinkClimbing dishrag gourd (Luffa cylindrica) at a corner of Ziyad Bin Eyad Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda neighborhood. Doha, Qatar, January 31, 2014
LinkDishrag gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca, Luffa cylindrica) near Zubara exit of Al Shamal Road. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkFlower of dishrag gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca, Luffa cylindrica) near Zubara exit of Al Shamal Road. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkLuffa cylindrica(?) on Corniche in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 15, 2014
LinkLeaves of dishrag gourd (Luffa cylindrica)(?) on Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkDishrag gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca, Luffa cylindrica) in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 27, 2014
LinkDishrag gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca, Luffa cylindrica) in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkDishrag gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca, Luffa cylindrica) near a central pole of one of fields on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkDry fruits of dishrag gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca, Luffa cylindrica) near a central pole of one of fields on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkDishrag gourd (Luffa cylindrica)(?) on roadside of Salwa Road near Mukaynis. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkDishrag gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca, Luffa cylindrica) at Al Jassasiya Street in Musheirib neighborhood. Doha, Qatar, December 25, 2015

6. Momordica charantia L.

(Cucumis argyi, Cucumis intermedius, Momordica chinensis, Momordica elegans, Momordica indica, Momordica muricata, Momordica sinensis, Momordica thollonii, Sicyos fauriei)

Common names: balsam-pear, bitter gourd, bitter melon, bitter squash, Goya, Karela

Extract from Wikipedia article: Momordica charantia, known as bitter melon, bitter gourd, bitter squash, or balsam-pear in English, has many other local names. Goya from Okinawan and karela from Sanskrit are also used by English-language speakers.

LinkStack of warty fruits of bitter gourd (bitter melon, Momordica charantia) in Vegetable Market, Wholesale Markets area. Doha, Qatar, April 7, 2012
LinkBitter melon (Momordica charantia) cultivated in a small kitchen garden on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkFlower of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) cultivated in a small kitchen garden on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkLeaf of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) cultivated in a small kitchen garden on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016

7. Trichosanthes cucumerina

Common names: chichinda, padwal, serpent gourd, snake gourd

Extract from Wikipedia article: Trichosanthes cucumerina is a tropical or subtropical vine, its variety T. cucumerina var. anguina raised for its strikingly long fruit, used as a vegetable, medicine, and in crafting traditional Australian musical instruments known as didgeridoos. Common names of the cultivated variety include snake gourd, serpent gourd, chichinda, and padwal.

LinkFruits of snake gourd (padwal, Trichosanthes cucumerina) in Vegetable Market, Wholesale Markets area. Doha, Qatar, April 7, 2012
LinkFlower of snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina) on Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2015
LinkClose up of a flower of snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina) on Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2015
LinkFlower of snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina) taken from Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015

XXVI. Cynomoriaceae 

1. Cynomorium coccineum

Common names: abushal, Desert Thumb, tarthouth

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cynomorium coccineum is a parasitic perennial flowering plant in the Cynomoriaceae, a family consisting of only one (or perhaps two) species in the genus Cynomorium. Its wider relationships are uncertain. Common names include the misleading Maltese fungus or Maltese mushroom; also desert thumb, red thumb, tarthuth (Bedouin) and suo yang (Chinese). A rare or local species, it grows in dry, rocky or sandy soils, often in salt marshes or other saline habitats close to the coast. It has had a wide variety of uses in European, Arabic and Chinese herbal medicine.

LinkDried parasitic plant Cynomorium coccineum (desert, or red thumb, tarthuth) in dunes of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkDesert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkFlowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkCluster of flowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkClose up of a flower of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) taken from a beach near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkParasitic plant Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBlooming Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkYoung flower of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkEmerging flower of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkFlower of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) with red scales on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkClub-shaped inflorescense of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkMinute scarlet flowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkParasitic plant Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) with a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkSalt tolerant parasitic plants of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkDark-red inflorescence of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkEmerging dark-red inflorescence of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkFleshy flowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkDark-red flowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on fleshy, unbranched stems on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkEmerging dark-red flowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkParasitic plants of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) forming "fairy ring" circle near a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkDissected fleshy inflorescence of a parasitic plant Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) taken from a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkClub-shaped flowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) water well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkClub-shaped flowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) water well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkDesert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) on a sand mound in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) water well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkDesert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) emerging from sand in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) water well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkHabitat of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) water well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkFlowers of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum) near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya site, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 21, 2015
LinkPartially decomposed fruits of a parasitic plant Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum) in sands of Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, October 23, 2015
LinkDesert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum) on a beach a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 30, 2016

XXVII. Didiereaceae 

1. Portulacaria afra Jacq.

(Portulacaria portulacaria)

Common names: dwarf jade plant, elephant bush, porkbush, spekboom

Extract from Wikipedia article: Portulacaria afra (known as elephant bush, dwarf jade plant, porkbush and spekboom in Afrikaans) is a small-leaved succulent plant found in South Africa.

LinkSucculent plant Elephant Food (Portulacaria afra) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016
LinkOrnamental plant Elephant Food (Portulacaria afra) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkElephant Food (Portulacaria afra) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016

XXVIII. Dioscoreaceae    Yam Family 

1. Rajania cordata L.

(Dioscorea cyclophylla, Dioscorea scorpioidea, Rajania cyclophylla, Rajania pleioneura, Rajania sintenisii, Rajania venosa)

Common names: himber

LinkHimber (Rajania cordata)(?) or may be Dioscorea vine near United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkLarge heart-shaped leaves of himber (Rajania cordata)(?) or may be Dioscorea vine near United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkLeaves of himber (Rajania cordata)(?) or may be Dioscorea vine near United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkFlowers of Himber (Rajania cordata)(?) or may be Dioscorea vine near United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 22, 2016
LinkBlooming Himber (Rajania cordata)(?) or may be Dioscorea vine near United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 22, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers of Himber (Rajania cordata)(?) or may be Dioscorea vine near United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 22, 2016

XXIX. Ehretiaceae 

1. Cordia myxa L.

Common names: Assyrian plum, geduri, lasura, naruvilli, panugeri, pidar, spistan

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cordia myxa is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae. It is a medium-sized broad-leaved deciduous tree. Common names include Assyrian plum, lasura, pidar, panugeri, naruvilli, geduri, spistan, burgund dulu wanan and ntege. It is found growing primarily in Asia, as well as, across the globe especially in tropical regions having the right type of geophysical environment. In South Asia, it is seen coming up naturally and growing abundantly from Myanmar in the east to Lebanon and Syria in the west. Its habitat starts at about 200 m above mean sea level in the plains and ascends to an altitude around 1,500 m in the hills.

LinkAssyrian plum (Cordia myxa) planted in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Al Istiqlal. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2016

XXX. Euphorbiaceae    Spurge Family 

1. Acalypha variegata Rusby

LinkFlowers of planted Acalypha variegata(?) with feathery stigmas and white bracts in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkMottled leaves of Acalypha variegata in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016

2. Acalypha wilkesiana Müll.Arg.

(Acalypha amentacea, Acalypha circinata, Acalypha compacta, Acalypha godseffiana, Acalypha hamiltoniana, Acalypha illustris, Acalypha macafeeana, Acalypha macrophylla, Acalypha marginata, Acalypha musaica, Acalypha torta, Acalypha tricolor, Acalypha triumphans, Ricinocarpus wilkesianus)

My notes: Ornamental plant in parks. Some of plants may be A. variegata that has more green leaves.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Acalypha wilkesiana is an evergreen shrub. It grows 3 m high and spreads 2 m across. The stem is erect with many branches. The branches have fine hairs. It has a closely arranged crown. The leaves are coppery green with red splashes of colour. This gives them a mottled appearance. The leaves are large and broad with teeth around the edge. They can be 10–20 cm long and 15 cm wide. The leaves are finely hairy. They can be flat or crinkled. The flowers are reddish in spikes at the end of branches. They have separate male and female flowers on the same plant. The male flowers are in long spikes which hang downwards while the female flowers are in short spikes. They do not show up easily as they are often hidden among the leaves. The flower stalks are 10–20 cm long.

LinkLeaves of Acalypha wilkesiana planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015
LinkBlooming Acalypha wilkesiana planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015
LinkAcalypha wilkesiana plant with reddish leaves shaped as a tree in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015
LinkLeaves of Acalypha wilkesiana shaped as a tree in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkAcalypha wilkesiana shaped as a tree in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkBurgundy leaves of Acalypha wilkesiana shaped as a tree in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016

3. Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) A.Juss.

(Chrozophora cordifolia, Chrozophora glabrata, Chrozophora hierosolymitana, Chrozophora integrifolia, Chrozophora lepidocarpa, Chrozophora obliqua, Chrozophora sieberi, Chrozophora subplicata, Chrozophora verbascifolia, Chrozophora warionii, Croton argenteus, Croton obliquus, Croton oblongifolius, Croton patulus, Croton tinctorius, Croton verbascifolius, Ricinoides tinctoria, Tournesol obliqua, Tournesol tinctoria, Tournesol verbascifolia, Tournesol warionii)

Common names: dyer's croton, giradol, tannom, Tanoom, zerraij

Extract from Wikipedia article: Chrozophora tinctoria (commonly known as dyer's croton, giradol, or turnsole) is the type species in the genus Chrozophora.

LinkWoolly, staminate flowers of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkWoolly plant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkBlooming dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkDry woolly plant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkWoolly seedlings of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSmall plant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkWoolly plant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkWoolly plant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkFlowers of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkPlants of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkPlant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) with fruits in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkDyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkFruits of Dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkFlowers of Dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkPlant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) with fruits in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkPlant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016
LinkHabitat of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in windblown sand on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016
LinkPlants of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in a depression north from Zekreet in Ras Abrouq Peninsula. Qatar, June 24, 2016
LinkDyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in a depression north from Zekreet in Ras Abrouq Peninsula. Qatar, June 24, 2016
LinkLarge plant of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in a depression north from Zekreet in Ras Abrouq Peninsula. Qatar, June 24, 2016
LinkFlowers of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) in a depression north from Zekreet in Ras Abrouq Peninsula. Qatar, June 24, 2016
LinkPlants of dyer's croton (giradol, Chrozophora tinctoria, local names Tanoom, zerraij, tannom) among dry grass in a depression north from Zekreet in Ras Abrouq Peninsula. Qatar, June 24, 2016

4. Euphorbia granulata Forssk.

(Agaloma graminifolia, Anisophyllum granulatum, Chamaesyce granulata, Chamaesyce sistanica, Euphorbia aegyptiaca, Euphorbia arillata, Euphorbia forsskalii, Euphorbia fragilis, Euphorbia kralickii, Euphorbia sistanica, Tithymalus granulatus)

Common names: Euphorbia forsskaolii, Euphorbia turcomanica, lubaina, spurge

LinkProstrate desert spurge Euphorbia granulata (Euphorbia forsskaolii, local name lubaina) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkEuphorbia granulata (Euphorbia forsskaolii, Euphorbia turcomanica, local name lubaina) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkEuphorbia granulata (Euphorbia forsskaolii, Euphorbia turcomanica, local name lubaina) growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkTiny plant of Euphorbia granulata (Euphorbia forsskaolii, Euphorbia turcomanica, local name lubaina) on dry silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkEuphorbia granulata (Euphorbia forsskaolii, Euphorbia turcomanica, local name lubaina) in sand near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkEuphorbia granulata (Euphorbia forsskaolii, Euphorbia turcomanica, local name lubaina) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkMat of spurge Euphorbia granulata in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkProstrate desert spurge Euphorbia granulata in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkProstrate desert spurge Euphorbia granulata (Euphorbia forsskaolii, local name lubaina) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkHub of stems of spurge Euphorbia granulata in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkProstrate spurge Euphorbia granulata in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015

5. Euphorbia heterophylla L.

(Cyathophora heterophyla, Poinsettia heterophylla, Tithymalus heterophyllus)

Common names: bint al qunsul, desert spurge, Japanese poinsettia, Mexican fire plant, milk weed, milkweed, painted euphorbia, painted leaf, paintedleaf, painted spurge, summer poinsettia, various leaved euphorbia, wild poinsettia, wild spurge, yellow spurge

Extract from Wikipedia article: Euphorbia heterophylla, also known under the common names of (Mexican) Fireplant, Painted Euphorbia, Japanese Poinsettia, Desert Poinsettia, Wild Poinsettia, Fire on the Mountain, Paintedleaf, Painted Spurge, Milkweed, and Kaliko Plant, is a plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae or spurge family.

LinkDesert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkCarpet of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkPlants of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkYellow garden spider (Argiope aurantia(?)) on desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkDense infestation by desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkDesert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) in dew on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFruits of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) in dew on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFlowers of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkClose up of fruits of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) in dew on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkBack lit desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) in dew on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkDesert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) with fruits on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkDesert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) with flowers on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkBack lit desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) with fruits in dew on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkDesert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) with fruits in dew on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkInvasive desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkCarpet of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkInvasive plants of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkFruits of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkBack lit fruits of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkInflorescence of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkDesert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) with back lit leaves taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkInfestation by desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015
LinkFruits of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkSmall green caterpillar on Desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkFlower buds of desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkMasses of invasive desert spurge (summer poinsettia, Euphorbia heterophylla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

6. Euphorbia hirta L.

(Chamaesyce gemella, Chamaesyce hirta, Chamaesyce karwinskyi, Chamaesyce pekinensis, Chamaesyce pilulifera, Chamaesyce rosei, Desmonema hirta, Ditritea hirta, Euphorbia bancana, Euphorbia capitata, Euphorbia chrysochaeta, Euphorbia gemella, Euphorbia globulifera, Euphorbia karwinskyi, Euphorbia nodiflora, Euphorbia obliterata, Euphorbia pilulifera, Euphorbia verticillata)

Common names: spurge, umm lubaina

Extract from Wikipedia article: Euphorbia hirta is a pantropical weed, possibly native to India. It is a hairy herb that grows in open grasslands, roadsides and pathways. It is widely used as a medicinal herb in most places it grows.

LinkEuphorbia hirta (Chamaesyce hirta, local name umm lubaina) in Abal Faham Family Park. Al Jumayliyah, Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkPetty spurge (Euphorbia peplus) growing together with Euphorbia hirta on roadside of Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2014
LinkEuphorbia hirta (Chamaesyce hirta, local name umm lubaina) found in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkEuphorbia hirta (Chamaesyce hirta, local name umm lubaina) with flowers found in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkEuphorbia hirta on sidewalk pavement of Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2015

7. Euphorbia hypericifolia L.

(Anisophyllum hypericifolium, Chamaesyce boliviana, Chamaesyce glomerifera, Chamaesyce hypericifolia, Ditritea obliqua, Euphorbia boliviana, Euphorbia cuspidata, Euphorbia glomerifera, Euphorbia papilligera)

Common names: Graceful Sandmat

My notes: Some of plants look like Euphorbia arabica.

LinkGraceful Sandmat (spurge, Euphorbia hypericifolia) taken from area of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 1, 2014
LinkClose up of Graceful Sandmat (spurge, Euphorbia hypericifolia) taken from area of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 1, 2014
LinkGraceful Sandmat (spurge, Euphorbia hypericifolia) on Meshrif Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2014
LinkShoot of Graceful Sandmat (spurge, Euphorbia hypericifolia) taken from Meshrif Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2014
LinkGraceful Sandmat (spurge, Euphorbia hypericifolia) growing near stone wall on Meshrif Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkGraceful Sandmat (spurge, Euphorbia hypericifolia) taken from Onanza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 5, 2015
LinkGraceful Sandmat (spurge, Euphorbia hypericifolia) on Al Jood Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 17, 2015
LinkNarrow-leaf form of Graceful Sandmat spurge (Euphorbia hypericifolia) on Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkShoot of narrow-leaf form of Graceful Sandmat spurge (Euphorbia hypericifolia) on Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkNarrow-leaf form of Graceful Sandmat spurge (Euphorbia hypericifolia) on sidewalk on Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkFlowers of narrow-leaf form of Graceful Sandmat spurge (Euphorbia hypericifolia) taken from sidewalk of Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkBranch of narrow-leaf form of Graceful Sandmat spurge (Euphorbia hypericifolia) taken from sidewalk of Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkBranch of narrow-leaf form of Graceful Sandmat spurge (Euphorbia hypericifolia) with fruits taken from sidewalk of Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 23, 2016
LinkGraceful sandmat (spurge, Euphorbia hypericifolia) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2016

8. Euphorbia milii Des Moul.

(Euphorbia bojeri, Euphorbia breonii, Euphorbia rubrostriata, Euphorbia splendens, Sterigmanthe bojeri, Tumalis bojeri)

Common names: crown of thorns

Extract from Wikipedia article: Euphorbia milii (crown of thorns, Christ plant, Christ thorn) is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaciae, native to Madagascar. The species name commemorates Baron Milius, once Governor of Réunion, who introduced the species to France in 1821. It is suspected that the species was introduced to the Middle East in ancient times, and legend associates it with the crown of thorns worn by Christ.

LinkFlowerbed with crown of thorns plant (Euphorbia milii, Euphorbia splendens) on Corniche Promenade. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2014
LinkCrown of thorns plant (Euphorbia milii, Euphorbia splendens) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, April 3, 2015
LinkCrown of thorns (Euphorbia milii, Euphorbia splendens) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkCrown of thorns (Euphorbia milii, Euphorbia splendens, large blooms type) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016

9. Euphorbia peplus L.

(Esula peplus, Euphorbion peplum, Galarhoeus peplus, Keraselma peplus, Tithymalus peplus)

Common names: Petty Spurge

Extract from Wikipedia article: Euphorbia peplus (petty spurge, radium weed, cancer weed, or milkweed) is a species of Euphorbia, native to most of Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia, where it typically grows in cultivated arable land, gardens, and other disturbed land.

LinkPetty spurge (Euphorbia peplus) growing together with Euphorbia hirta on roadside of Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2014
LinkPetty spurge (Euphorbia peplus) taken from a roadside of Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2014
LinkClose up of petty spurge (Euphorbia peplus) taken from a roadside of Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2014
LinkPetty spurge (Euphorbia peplus) with fruits taken from a roadside of Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2014
LinkPetty spurge (Euphorbia peplus) taken from Al Jood Street in Onaiza area (under palms). Doha, Qatar, April 7, 2015
LinkPetty spurge (Euphorbia peplus) taken from Al Jood Street in Onaiza area, with black background. Doha, Qatar, April 7, 2015
LinkPetty spurge (Euphorbia peplus) taken from southern Al Jood Street in Onaiza area (under palms). Doha, Qatar, April 7, 2015
LinkPetty spurge (Euphorbia peplus) growing under a palm tree on Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016

10. Euphorbia prostrata Aiton

(Anisophyllum prostratum, Aplarina prostrata, Chamaesyce malaca, Chamaesyce prostrata, Chamaesyce villosior, Euphorbia callitrichoides, Euphorbia malaca, Euphorbia perforata, Euphorbia ramosa, Euphorbia tenella, Euphorbia trichogona, Tithymalus prostratus)

Common names: lubaina, spurge

Extract from Wikipedia article: Euphorbia prostrata is a species of euphorb known by the common name prostrate sandmat. It is native to the West Indies and certain parts of South America, but it is widely naturalized in many other parts of the world, where it can be found in varied habitat types and in many areas grows as a roadside weed. This is an annual herb producing slender prostrate stems up to about 20 centimeters long, sometimes purple-tinted in color. The oval-shaped leaves are up to a centimeter long with finely toothed edges. The inflorescence is a cyathium less than 2 millimeters wide, with white petal-like appendages surrounding the actual flowers. There are four male flowers and a single female flower, the latter developing into a lobed, hairy fruit one to two millimeters wide.

LinkGreen mat of spurge (Euphorbia prostrata or may be serpens) near Omar Al Mukhtar Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 22, 2014
LinkRed leaves of spurge (Euphorbia prostrata or may be serpens) near Omar Al Mukhtar Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 22, 2014
LinkShoot of spurge (Euphorbia prostrata or may be serpens) near Omar Al Mukhtar Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 22, 2014
LinkGreen blanket of Euphorbia prostrata or may be Euphorbia serpens (local name lubaina) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkWilted spurge (Euphorbia prostrata) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 5, 2014
LinkSpurge (Euphorbia prostrata or may be Euphorbia serpens) taken from area of Dunes Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2014
LinkMat of spurge Euphorbia prostrata on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkKhaki Burr weed (Alternanthera pungens) and spurge Euphorbia prostrata on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkPinkish leaves of spurge Euphorbia prostrata on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkReichardia seedling among a mat of spurge (Euphorbia prostrata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBrilliant red leaves of spurge Euphorbia prostrata on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkReddish leaves of spurge Euphorbia prostrata on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkSpurge (Euphorbia prostrata) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkSpurge (Euphorbia prostrata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkMat of spurge Euphorbia prostrata in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016

11. Euphorbia retusa Forssk.

(Esula retusa, Euphorbia cornuta, Euphorbia kahirensis, Euphorbia linearis, Tithymalus cornutus, Tithymalus cristatus, Tithymalus retusus)

LinkRare spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkRare spurge Euphorbia retusa on gravel soil in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkSpurge Euphorbia retusa with flowers in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkSpurge Euphorbia retusa with flowers on gravel soil in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkSpurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkWide angle view of a rare spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkHabitat of a rare spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkWide angle view of a rare plant Euphorbia retusa on gravel soil in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkWide angle view of a blooming spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkUpper view of a blooming rare spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkLeaves of rare spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkFlowers of rare spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkFlowers and fruits of spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers of spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers and fruits of spurge Euphorbia retusa in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkInflorescence of spurge Euphorbia retusa taken from a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers and a fruit of spurge Euphorbia retusa taken from a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkSpurge Euphorbia retusa with fruits in a roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, April 16, 2016
LinkSpurge Euphorbia retusa with fruits taken from a roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, April 16, 2016
LinkFruits of spurge Euphorbia retusa with fruits taken from a roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, April 16, 2016

12. Euphorbia tirucalli L.

(Arthrothamnus bergii, Arthrothamnus ecklonii, Arthrothamnus tirucalli, Euphorbia geayi, Euphorbia laro, Euphorbia media, Euphorbia rhipsaloides, Euphorbia scoparia, Euphorbia suareziana, Euphorbia viminalis, Tirucalia indica, Tirucalia tirucalli)

Common names: Pencil tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Euphorbia tirucalli (also known as aveloz, firestick plants, Indian tree spurge, naked lady, pencil tree, pencil cactus, sticks on fire or milk bush) (Sanskrit: सप्तला saptala, सातला satala,Marathi : sher-kandvel शेर-कांडवेल) is a shrub that grows in semi-arid tropical climates.

LinkShoots of Pencil tree (Euphorbia tirucalli) in abandoned gardens in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPencil tree (Euphorbia tirucalli) in abandoned gardens in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBase of Pencil tree (Euphorbia tirucalli) in abandoned gardens in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPencil tree (Euphorbia tirucalli) in a park at Al Meshrif Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 29, 2016

13. Jatropha gossypiifolia L.

(Adenoropium gossypiifolium, Adenoropium jacquinii, Jatropha elegans, Jatropha jacquinii, Jatropha staphysagriifolia, Manihot gossypiifolia)

Common names: bellyache bush, black physicnut, cotton leaf, Sibidigua, Tua-Tua

Extract from Wikipedia article: Jatropha gossypiifolia, commonly known as bellyache bush, black physicnut or cotton-leaf physicnut, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. The species is native to Mexico, South America, Gujarat State India and the Caribbean islands. It is a declared noxious weed in Puerto Rico and is naturalised in northern Australia, including Queensland where it is listed as a Class 2 declared pest plant. It grows to 2.5–4 m (8.2–13.1 ft) high. The three lobed leaves are purple and sticky when young and become bright green with age. The small red flowers with yellow centres appear in clusters. These are followed by cherry-sized seed pods that are poisonous. Powdery mildew fungal disease was reported.

LinkBellyache bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkDark leaves of bellyache bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkFruits and flowers of bellyache bush (Jatropha gossypiifolia) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016

14. Jatropha integerrima Jacq.

(Adenoropium hastatum, Adenoropium integerrimum, Adenoropium pandurifolium, Jatropha acuminata, Jatropha coccinea, Jatropha diversifolia, Jatropha hastata, Jatropha moluensis, Jatropha pandurifolia)

Extract from Wikipedia article: Jatropha integerrima, commonly known as Peregrina or Spicy Jatropha, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, that is native to Cuba and Hispaniola.

LinkJatropha integerrima(?) in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 6, 2014
LinkJatropha integerrima on dead end on Al Khair Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkRed flowers of Jatropha integerrima on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkRed flowers of Jatropha integerrima with a bee on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkInflorescense of Jatropha integerrima on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkBlooming Jatropha integerrima on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkJatropha integerrima on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, August 31, 2015
LinkJatropha integerrima planted in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016
LinkRed petals of Jatropha integerrima in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016
LinkJatropha integerrima in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 24, 2016
LinkPetals of Jatropha integerrima in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2016
LinkJatropha integerrima in a park at Al Meshrif Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 29, 2016

15. Ricinus communis L.

(Cataputia major, Cataputia minor, Croton spinosus, Ricinus africanus, Ricinus angulatus, Ricinus armatus, Ricinus atropurpureus, Ricinus badius, Ricinus borboniensis, Ricinus cambodgensis, Ricinus compactus, Ricinus digitatus, Ricinus europaeus, Ricinus gibsonii, Ricinus giganteus, Ricinus glaucus, Ricinus hybridus, Ricinus inermis, Ricinus japonicus, Ricinus krappa, Ricinus laevis, Ricinus leucocarpus, Ricinus lividus, Ricinus macrocarpus, Ricinus macrophyllus, Ricinus medicus, Ricinus medius, Ricinus megalosperma, Ricinus messeniacus, Ricinus metallicus, Ricinus microcarpus, Ricinus minor, Ricinus nanus, Ricinus obermannii, Ricinus peltatus, Ricinus perennis, Ricinus persicus, Ricinus purpurascens, Ricinus ruber, Ricinus rugosus, Ricinus rutilans, Ricinus sanguineus, Ricinus scaber, Ricinus speciosus, Ricinus spectabilis, Ricinus tunisensis, Ricinus undulatus, Ricinus urens, Ricinus viridis, Ricinus vulgaris, Ricinus zanzibarensis, Ricinus zanzibarinus)

Common names: Castor-oil Plant, kharwaa, khirwi

Extract from Wikipedia article: The castor oil plant (Ricinus communis) is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. It belongs to a monotypic genus, Ricinus, and subtribe, Ricininae. The evolution of castor and its relation to other species are currently being studied using modern genetic tools.

LinkCastor-oil Plant (Ricinus communis) on Al Nada Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014

XXXI. Fabaceae    Bean Family 

1. Acacia ehrenbergiana Hayne

(Acacia flava)

Common names: sallam

Extract from Wikipedia article: Acacia ehrenbergiana is a species of drought-resistant bush or small tree found in the Sahara, northern Sahel, East Africa and Arabia. It is commonly known as salam, or as tamat in the Tuareg language.

LinkThorn Acacia (Acacia ehrenbergiana, local name Salam) trimmed by grazing camels in desert near Cave of Brightness in south central area. Qatar, February 19, 2010
LinkYellow flower on a Acacia ehrenbergiana(?) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Acacia ehrenbergiana on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkDry seed pods of Acacia ehrenbergiana carpeting desert near road to Trainah. Southern Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkThorn Acacia (Acacia ehrenbergiana, local name Salam) near road to Trainah. Southern Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkYellow flower on a Acacia ehrenbergiana(?) in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkAcacia ehrenbergiana(?) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkAcacia ehrenbergiana and Lycium in a wadi in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015
LinkThorn acacia (Acacia ehrenbergiana) with dry fruits on windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkDry seed pods of thorn acacia (Acacia ehrenbergiana) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkAcacia ehrenbergiana with white thorns on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of Acacia ehrenbergiana on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkFlowers of thorn acacia (Acacia ehrenbergiana, local name Salam) in a green depression in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkThorn acacia (Acacia ehrenbergiana) with dry fruits on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016

2. Acacia stenophylla Benth.

(Racosperma stenophyllum)

Common names: shoestring acacia

My notes: Grows only in the city.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Acacia stenophylla, the Shoestring acacia, is an evergreen tree in the family Fabaceae native to Australia

LinkShoestring acacia (Acacia stenophylla) in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkBlooming shoestring acacia (Acacia stenophylla) in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkFlowers of shoestring acacia (Acacia stenophylla) in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkLeaves of shoestring acacia (Acacia stenophylla) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016
LinkShoestring acacia (Acacia stenophylla) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016
LinkShoestring acacia (Acacia stenophylla) with pods in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016
LinkShoestring acacia (Acacia stenophylla) with pods in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkShoestring acacia (Acacia stenophylla) with pods in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2016

3. Acacia tortilis (Forssk.)Hayne

(Mimosa tortilis)

Common names: samar, Samr, samur, Umbrella Thorn

Extract from Wikipedia article: Vachellia tortilis, widely known as Acacia tortilis but attributed by APG III to the Vachellia genus, is the umbrella thorn acacia, also known as umbrella thorn and Israeli babool, a medium to large canopied tree native primarily to the savanna and Sahel of Africa (especially Sudan), but also occurring in the Middle East.

LinkShoot of Umbrella Thorn (Acacia tortilis) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkLeaves of Acacia tortilis near Harrarah. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkSmall white flowers of Acacia tortilis(?) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkAcacia tortilis(?) in area of Nakhsh Mountain near Salwa Road in southern Qatar, May 8, 2015
LinkSeedling of Acacia tortilis(?) tree in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkAcacia tortilis(?) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, November 27, 2015
LinkAcacia tortilis(?) in a desert on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkAcacia tortilis(?) at sunrise in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkAcacia tortilis(?) in a desert in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkAcacia tortilis(?) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016

4. Albizia lebbeck (L.)Benth.

(Acacia lebbeck, Acacia lebbek, Acacia macrophylla, Acacia speciosa, Albizia latifolia, Albizia lebbek, Feuilleea lebbeck, Inga borbonica, Inga leucoxylon, Mimosa lebbeck, Mimosa lebbek, Mimosa sirissa, Mimosa speciosa, Pithecellobium splitgerberianum)

Common names: Frywood, Woman's tongues Tree

Extract from Wikipedia article:

LinkFruits of Albizia lebbeck tree in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 23, 2014
LinkFlower buds of frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkFlower of frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkLeaf of frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkWilted flower of frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkBlooming frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkDetail of a flower of frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkClose up of a leaf of frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkAlbizia lebbeck tree with fruits in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBlooming frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on Al Shatt Street near Saha 15 in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 17, 2015
LinkSilky flowers of frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on Al Shatt Street near Saha 15 in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 17, 2015
LinkFrywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2016
LinkFrywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) with fruits in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2016
LinkDry flowers and seed pods of frywood tree (Albizia lebbeck) on the ground in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, June 23, 2016

5. Alhagi maurorum Medik.

(Alhagi camelorum, Alhagi kirghisorum, Alhagi persarum, Alhagi pseudalhagi, Hedysarum alhagi, Hedysarum pseudalhagi)

Common names: Aagoal, aaqool, Camel Thorn, camelthorn-bush, Verblyuzhia Kolyuchka

Extract from Wikipedia article: Alhagi maurorum is a species of legume commonly known, variously, as camelthorn, camelthorn-bush, Caspian manna, and Persian mannaplant. This shrub is native to the region extending from the Mediterranean to Russia, but has been introduced to many other areas of the world, including Australia, southern Africa, and the western United States. The perennial plant grows from a massive rhizome system which may extend over six feet into the ground. New shoots can appear over 20 feet from the parent plant. Above the ground, the plant rarely reaches four feet in height. It is a heavily branched, gray-green thicket with long spines along the branches. It bears small, bright pink to maroon pea flowers and small legume pods, which are brown or reddish and constricted between the seeds. The seeds are mottled brown beans.

LinkCamelthorn bush (Alhagi maurorum) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkCamelthorn bush (Alhagi maurorum) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkCamelthorn bush (Alhagi maurorum) in sand on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkCamelthorn bush (Alhagi maurorum) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkCamelthorn bush (Alhagi maurorum) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkPlant of camel's thorn (Alhagi maurorum) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkCamelthorn bush (Alhagi maurorum) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 24, 2015
LinkCamelthorn plants (Alhagi maurorum) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkShoot of camelthorn plant (Alhagi maurorum) with small leaves in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBlooming camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkFlower of camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkClose up of flowers of camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkFlower and fruits of camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkInflorescence of camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkFlower of Camelthorn bush (Alhagi maurorum) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkCamelthorn bush (Alhagi maurorum) in Jaow Al Hamar depression south from Trainah. Southern Qatar, November 6, 2015
LinkCamelthorn bush (Alhagi maurorum) with fresh leaves in Jaow Al Hamar depression south from Trainah. Southern Qatar, November 6, 2015

6. Astragalus annularis Forssk.

(Astragalus maculatus, Astragalus subulatus, Astragalus trimorphus)

Common names: aSabi al-aroos, halaq, khanasir al arous

Extract from Wikipedia article: Astragalus annularis is a species of flowering plant in the legume family, known in Arabic by the common name hurbuth (حُربُث).

LinkCurved pods with red streaks of Astragalus annularis (local names halaq, khanasir al arous) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkFlowers of Astragalus annularis (local names halaq, khanasir al arous) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkAstragalus annularis (local names halaq, khanasir al arous) with a curved pod in sand near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkRed mottled pods of Astragalus annularis (local names halaq, khanasir al arous) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkPods with red dots of Astragalus annularis (local names halaq, khanasir al arous) in sand near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkCurved pods with red dots of Astragalus annularis (local names halaq, khanasir al arous) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014

7. Astragalus arpilobus hauarensis (Boiss.) D. Podl.

(Astragalus drepanocarpus, Astragalus gyzensis, Astragalus hauarensis, Astragalus saccharensis, Astragalus sakkarensis, Solenotus gyzensis, Tragacantha gyzensis)

LinkSeed pods of milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkHairy leaves of milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis in sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkHairy leaves of milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis submerged in sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkLeaves of milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkMilkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkLeaves of milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis covered by sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkFlowers of milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkBlooming milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkMilkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis eaten by aphids near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkFruits of milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSmall plant of milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkHairy leaves and yellow flowers of milkvetch Astragalus arpilobus subsp. hauarensis in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

8. Astragalus corrugatus Bertol.

(Astragalus cruciatus, Astragalus cruentus, Astragalus tenuirugis)

Common names: Astragalus crenatus, Earring vetch, halag, khawatim al barr

LinkSeed pods of Astragalus corrugatus(?) (Astragalus crenatus, Astragalus cruciatus, local names halag, khawatim al barr) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAstragalus corrugatus(?) (Astragalus crenatus, Astragalus cruciatus, local names halag, khawatim al barr) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkHalf dry milkvetch (Astragalus corrugatus, local names halag, khawatim al barr) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkDry seeds of milkvetch (Astragalus corrugatus, local names halag, khawatim al barr) in oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkMilkvetch (Astragalus corrugatus)(?) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016

9. Astragalus eremophilus Boiss.

(Astragalus chudaei, Astragalus cremophilos, Astragalus falcinellus, Astragalus geniorum, Astragalus schimperi)

Common names: halag, milkvetch

My notes: Most pictures probably show Astragalus hauarensis instead of A. eremophilus.

LinkAstragalus eremophilus with a green caterpillar in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkMilkvetch Astragalus eremophilus near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSeeds of Astragalus eremophilus(?) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkMilkvetch Astragalus eremophilus(?) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkMilkvetch Astragalus eremophilus on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkAstragalus eremophilus with fruits on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

10. Astragalus schimperi Boiss.

(Tragacantha schimperi)

Common names: Halaq

LinkMilkvetch Astragalus schimperi in sands near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkLeaves of milkvetch Astragalus schimperi in sands near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014

11. Astragalus sieberi DC.

Common names: Khanasir al ’aroos

LinkAstragalus sieberi on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkGround view of plant of Astragalus sieberi on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkBranch of Astragalus sieberi on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkSilvery leaves of Astragalus sieberi on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkHalf dry plant of Astragalus sieberi on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkHalf dry plant of Astragalus sieberi in a depression on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkGreen seed pod of Astragalus sieberi taken from a depression on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkSeedling of Astragalus sieberi in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkAstragalus sieberi in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkPlant of Astragalus sieberi in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkSeedlings of Astragalus sieberi in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkSeedling of Astragalus sieberi in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

12. Astragalus tribuloides Delile

Common names: Astragalus kirghisicus, rakhami

LinkAstragalus tribuloides on dry silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAstragalus tribuloides growing on dry silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAstragalus tribuloides near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkAstragalus tribuloides near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkAstragalus tribuloides near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkAstragalus tribuloides with flowers in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkRosette of leaves of Astragalus tribuloides with flowers in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016

13. Bauhinia variegata L.

(Bauhinia chinensis, Bauhinia decora, Phanera variegata)

Common names: kachnar, orchid tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Phanera variegata is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to South Asia and Southeast Asia, from southern China, Burma, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Common names include orchid tree, camel's foot tree, kachnar and mountain-ebony.

LinkOrchid tree (Bauhinia variegata) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkBlooming orchid tree (Bauhinia variegata) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkBright pink flowers of orchid tree (Bauhinia variegata) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkOrchid tree (Bauhinia variegata) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016

14. Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.)Sw.

(Poinciana bijuga, Poinciana elata, Poinciana pulcherrima)

Common names: Barbados flower-fence, Barbados pride, dwarf poinciana, flamboyant-de-jardin, peacock flower, Poinciana, red bird-of-paradise

Extract from Wikipedia article: Caesalpinia pulcherrima is a species of flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to the tropics and subtropics of the Americas. It could be native to the West Indies, but its exact origin is unknown due to widespread cultivation. Common names for this species include Poinciana, Peacock Flower, Red Bird of Paradise, Mexican Bird of Paradise, Dwarf Poinciana, Pride of Barbados, and flamboyant-de-jardin.

LinkPeacock flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) on Al Wajba Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2015
LinkPeacock flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkPeacock flower plant (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkFlamboyant-de-jardin (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkRed bird-of-paradise plant (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkPeacock flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkPeacock flower (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) on white background in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkFlamboyant-de-jardin (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2016
LinkFlamboyant-de-jardin (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) on white background in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2016
LinkFlamboyant-de-jardin (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 16, 2016

15. Calliandra haematocephala Hassk.

(Anneslia haematocephala, Calliandra inaequilatera, Calliandra novaesii, Feuilleea haematocephala)

Common names: red powder puff

Extract from Wikipedia article: Calliandra haematocephala is a species of flowering plants of the genus Calliandra in the Fabaceae family.

LinkRed powder puff flower (Calliandra haematocephala) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016

16. Cassia fistula L.

(Bactyrilobium fistula, Cassia bonplandiana, Cassia excelsa, Cassia fistuloides, Cassia rhombifolia, Cathartocarpus excelsus, Cathartocarpus fistula, Cathartocarpus fistuloides, Cathartocarpus rhombifolius)

Common names: golden shower tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cassia fistula, known as the golden shower tree and by other names, is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. The species is native to the Indian subcontinent and adjacent regions of Southeast Asia. It ranges from southern Pakistan eastward throughout India to Myanmar and Thailand and south to Sri Lanka. In literature, it is closely associated with the Mullai (forest) region of Sangam landscape. It is the national tree of Thailand, and its flower is Thailand's national flower. It is also the state flower of Kerala in India and of immense importance amongst the Malayali population. It is a popular ornamental plant and is also used in herbal medicine.

LinkGolden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park at early morning. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBlooming golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park at morning. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkFlowers of golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park at morning. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkGolden shower tree (Cassia fistula) with flowers in Aspire Park at morning. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkGolden shower tree (Cassia fistula) with yellow flowers in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBlooming golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkPendulous racemes of yellow flowers of golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkPendulous yellow flowers of golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkPendulous inflorescense of golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkGolden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in bloom in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 17, 2016
LinkFlowers of golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) on the ground in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 17, 2016
LinkBlooming golden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 19, 2016
LinkGolden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 19, 2016
LinkGolden shower tree (Cassia fistula) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 19, 2016

17. Cassia javanica L.

(Cassia bacillus, Cassia fistula, Cassia megalantha, Cathartocarpus javanicus)

Common names: Apple Blossom Tree, Pink Shower, Rainbow Shower Tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cassia javanica, also known as Java Cassia, Pink Shower, Apple Blossom Tree and Rainbow Shower Tree (Thai: ชัยพฤกษ์), is a species of tree in the Fabaceae family. Its origin is in Southeast Asia, but it has been extensively grown in tropical areas worldwide as a garden tree owing to its beautiful crimson and pink flower bunches.

LinkPink shower tree (Cassia javanica) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 25, 2015
LinkFlowers of pink shower tree (Cassia javanica) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 25, 2015
LinkPink shower tree (Cassia javanica) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2016

18. Ceratonia siliqua L.

Common names: carob tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ceratonia siliqua, commonly known as the carob tree, St John's-bread, or locust bean (not to be confused with the African locust bean) is a species of flowering evergreen shrub or tree in the pea family, Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated for its edible pods, and as an ornamental tree in gardens. The ripe, dried pod is often ground to carob powder which is used as a substitute for cocoa powder.

LinkCarob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 23, 2014
LinkCarob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) with fruits in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2015
LinkCarob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2015
LinkCarob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 30, 2015

19. Cicer arietinum L.

(Cicer album, Cicer arientinium, Cicer arientinum, Cicer edessanum, Cicer grossum, Cicer nigrum, Cicer physodes, Cicer rotundum, Cicer sativum, Cicer sintenisii, Ononis crotalarioides)

Common names: chickpea, humus, nakhi

Extract from Wikipedia article: The chickpea or chick pea (Cicer arietinum) is a legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. It is also known as gram, or Bengal gram, garbanzo or garbanzo bean and sometimes known as Egyption pea, ceci, cece or channa. Its seeds are high in protein. It is one of the earliest cultivated legumes: 7,500-year-old remains have been found in the Middle East.

LinkChick pea (Cicer arietinum) seeds, brown colored Desi variety, in Souq Waqif (Old Market). Doha, Qatar, April 5, 2013
LinkOval seed pods of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkChick pea (Cicer arietinum) seeds, light tan Kabuli variety, in spice section in Souq Waqif (Old Market). Doha, Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkChick pea (Cicer arietinum) seeds, light tan Kabuli variety, in spice section in Souq Waqif (Old Market). Doha, Qatar, September 11, 2015

20. Clitoria ternatea ternatea

Common names: Asian pigeonwings, butterfly pea, Cordofan pea

Extract from Wikipedia article: Clitoria ternatea, common names including butterfly pea, blue pea, Cordofan pea and Asian pigeonwings, is a plant species belonging to the Fabaceae family. The flowers of this vine have the shape of human female genitals, hence the Latin name of the genus "Clitoria", from "clitoris". (Synonyms: Clitoris principissae.).

LinkButterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea var. albiflora) on Al Wosail Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkButterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea var. albiflora) on Wadi Al Sahl Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2015
LinkButterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkBlue flowers of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016

21. Cullen plicatum (Delile)C.H.Stirt.

(Cullen plicata, Psoralea odorata, Psoralea plicata)

Common names: hama, Jhil

LinkPsoralea plicata (Cullen plicatum, local names hama, Jhil) near Karaana (Karana, Al Kiranah), south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkFlowers of Psoralea plicata (Cullen plicatum, local names hama, Jhil) in Umm Houtah. Southern Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkFlowers and fruits of Psoralea plicata (Cullen plicatum, local names hama, Jhil) in Umm Houtah. Southern Qatar, January 16, 2015

22. Delonix regia (Hook.)Raf.

(Poinciana regia)

Common names: flamboyant, royal poinciana

Extract from Wikipedia article: Delonix regia is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is noted for its fern-like leaves and flamboyant display of flowers. In many tropical parts of the world it is grown as an ornamental tree and in English it is given the name Royal Poinciana or Flamboyant. It is also one of several trees known as Flame tree.

LinkRoyal Poinciana tree (Flamboyant, Delonix regia) in Aspire Park at early morning. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkRoyal Poinciana tree (Flamboyant, Delonix regia) with flowers in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkRoyal Poinciana tree (Flamboyant, Delonix regia) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBright red flowers of royal Poinciana tree (Flamboyant, Delonix regia) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBlooming Royal Poinciana tree (Flamboyant, Delonix regia) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 17, 2016

23. Erythrina variegata L.

(Chirocalyx candolleanus, Chirocalyx divaricatus, Chirocalyx indicus, Chirocalyx pictus, Corallodendron divaricatum, Corallodendron orientale, Corallodendron spathaceum, Erythrina alba, Erythrina boninensis, Erythrina carnea, Erythrina corallodendron, Erythrina divaricata, Erythrina indica, Erythrina lithosperma, Erythrina lobulata, Erythrina loueiri, Erythrina loureiri, Erythrina loureirii, Erythrina marmorata, Erythrina mysorensis, Erythrina orientalis, Erythrina parcelli, Erythrina parcellii, Erythrina phlebocarpa, Erythrina picta, Erythrina rostrata, Erythrina spathacea, Gelala alba, Gelala litorea, Tetradapa javanorum)

Common names: Indian coral tree, sunshine tree, tiger's claw

Extract from Wikipedia article: Erythrina variegata (syn. E. indica Lam., E. variegata var. orientalis (L.) Merr.; tiger's claw, Indian coral tree and sunshine tree; Pāli: pāricchattaka; Sanskrit: pārijāta, पारिजात) is a species of Erythrina native to the tropical and subtropical regions of eastern Africa, the Indian Subcontinent, northern Australia, and the islands of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean east to Fiji.

LinkIndian coral tree (Erythrina variegata) planted in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkIndian coral tree (Erythrina variegata) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016

24. Hippocrepis bicontorta Loisel.

Common names: Hippocrepis areolata, Hippocrepis cornigera, Horseshoe Vetch, umm ghurein

LinkSeed pods of Horseshoe Vetch (Hippocrepis bicontorta?). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkHorseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis bicontorta, Hippocrepis areolata, local name umm ghurein) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSeeds of Horseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis bicontorta, Hippocrepis areolata, local name umm ghurein) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlowers of Horseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis bicontorta, Hippocrepis areolata, local name umm ghurein) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkHorseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis bicontorta, Hippocrepis areolata, local name umm ghurein) with flowers in sand near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkHorseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis bicontorta, Hippocrepis areolata, local name umm ghurein) in windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkProstrate plant of Horseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis bicontorta, Hippocrepis areolata, local name umm ghurein) in windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkFruits of Horseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis bicontorta, Hippocrepis areolata, local name umm ghurein) in windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkShoot of Horseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis bicontorta, Hippocrepis areolata) with fruits on windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

25. Hippocrepis constricta Kunze

(Hippocrepis multisiliquosa)

Common names: Horseshoe Vetch, qileiqlan, umm ghurein

LinkHorseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis constricta, local name umm ghurein) with flat seed pods near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkHorseshoe vetch (Hippocrepis constricta, local name umm ghurein) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014

26. Hippocrepis multisiliquosa L.

(Hippocrepis ambigua, Hippocrepis ciliata, Hippocrepis confusa)

Common names: Many-flowered Horseshoe Vetch, Qileiqlan

LinkMany-flowered Horseshoe Vetch (Hippocrepis multisiliquosa(?), local name Qileiqlan) together with Egyptian Fig-marigold (slenderleaf ice plant, Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkMany-flowered Horseshoe Vetch (Hippocrepis multisiliquosa(?), local name Qileiqlan) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkSeed pod of many-flowered Horseshoe Vetch (Hippocrepis multisiliquosa(?), local name Qileiqlan) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014

27. Indigofera intricata Boiss.

Common names: hameira, humeira, Scarlet pea

LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name Hameira) in desert. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkDesert plant Indigofera intricata (local name humeira) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBush of a desert plant Indigofera intricata (local name humeira) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSpreading bush of scarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) with flowers on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkBush of scarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) with flowers on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkPillow shaped bush of scarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkFruits of scarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) in sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkFresh shoot of scarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) with a flower on roadside of Salwa Road, near Nakhsh Mountain. Qatar, October 31, 2015
LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) emerging from sand on roadside of Salwa Road, near Nakhsh Mountain. Qatar, October 31, 2015
LinkDesert plant Indigofera intricata (local name humeira) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkIndigofera intricata (local name humeira) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBranches of Indigofera intricata (local name humeira) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkFlower of Indigofera intricata (local name humeira) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSmall plant of scarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) in windblown sand on southern side of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name Hameira) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata) with fruits on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkScarlet pea (Indigofera intricata, local name humeira) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

28. Lathyrus aphaca L.

(Orobus aphaca)

Common names: yellow pea, yellow vetchling

Extract from Wikipedia article: Lathyrus aphaca is a legume known as the yellow pea or yellow vetchling. It is native to southern Europe, parts of Asia, and North Africa. Some consider it to be a weed, particularly when in areas where it is an introduced species, including northern Europe and North America. It acclimates best to dry places, such as sand, gravel, and chalk, and requires a well-drained habitat. It is an annual herb producing yellow pea flowers just over a centimeter wide.

LinkYellow vetchling (pea, vetch, Lathyrus aphaca) taken from Mareb(?) Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2015
LinkBack lit yellow vetchling (pea, vetch, Lathyrus aphaca) taken from Mareb(?) Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2015
LinkYellow vetchling (pea, vetch, Lathyrus aphaca) on white background taken from Mareb(?) Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2015

29. Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.)de Wit

(Acacia frondosa, Acacia glauca, Acacia leucocephala, Leucaena glauca, Mimosa glauca, Mimosa leucocephala)

Common names: jumbay, White leadtree, white popinac

Extract from Wikipedia article: Leucaena leucocephala is a small, fast-growing mimosoid tree native to southern Mexico and northern Central America (Belize and Guatemala), but is now naturalized throughout the tropics. Common names include white leadtree, jumbay, and white popinac. The specific name is derived from the Greek words λευκό, meaning "white", and κέφαλος, meaning "head", referring to its flowers. L. leucocephala is used for a variety of purposes, such as firewood, fiber and livestock fodder.

LinkApartment door with a mimisa like tree white leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on Umm Wishah Street, Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, May 24, 2013
LinkWhite leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on a street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, January 31, 2014
LinkWhite leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkWhite leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on Ziyad Bin Eyad Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014
LinkWhite leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) near Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 28, 2014
LinkWhite leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkWhite leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 27, 2014
LinkGathering of bees on flowers of white leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 27, 2014
LinkLeadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) with fruits in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkFruits of white leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkDry seed pods of leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on the ground on extension of Al Kharais Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015
LinkDry pods and seeds of leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on the ground on extension of Al Kharais Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of white leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2015
LinkSeed pods of white leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2015
LinkWhite leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkGreen seed pods of white leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkSeed pods of leadtree (jumbay, Leucaena leucocephala) on the ground in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2016

30. Lotononis platycarpa (Viv.)Pic.Serm.

(Amphinomia dinteri, Amphinomia lotoidea, Amphinomia platycarpa, Leobordea persica, Lotononis abyssinica, Lotononis dichotoma, Lotononis dinteri, Lotononis leobordea, Lotononis lotoidea, Lotononis persica, Lotononis platycarpos, Lotus platycarpos)

Common names: Herbeth, Lotus platycarpus, yateer

Extract from Wikipedia article: Leobordea platycarpa is a common annual plant in the drier parts of the African continent found in open ground, roadsides, cultivated ground and other disturbed places or in short grassland on sand.

LinkDesert plant Lotononis platycarpa (Lotus platycarpus) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkLotononis platycarpa (Lotus platycarpus) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkDesert plant Lotononis platycarpa (Lotus platycarpus) taken from roadside of Dukhan Highway near Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkLotononis platycarpa (Lotus platycarpus) taken from Al Shabi Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016

31. Lotus garcinii DC.

(Aspalathus persica, Lotus shariffi, Lotus stocksii, Ononis aucheri)

Common names: louts

My notes: Found on limestone cliffs in Fuwairit. In Maszhabiya near Abu Samra it was seen in scattered locations in April of 2016 as seedlings, but they disappear in May.

LinkLotus garcinii with fruits on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkLotus garcinii with flowers on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkTwig of Lotus garcinii on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkShoot of Lotus garcinii with flowers on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkClose up of flowers of Lotus garcinii on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkShoot of Lotus garcinii with cuttlebone background on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkHabitat of Lotus garcinii (the plant is located in a bonfire pit, at the foot of the cliff) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkDry fruits of Lotus garcinii under the plant on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkStem and leaves of Lotus garcinii on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkPlant of Lotus garcinii on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkFlowers and fruits of Lotus garcinii taken from a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit in northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkPlant of Lotus garcinii on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkPlant of Lotus garcinii growing in bonfire pit on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkFlowers and fruits of Lotus garcinii on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkDry flowers and fruits of Lotus garcinii on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkClose up of a flower of Lotus garcinii on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkShoot of Lotus garcinii with flowers on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkLotus garcinii plant on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 21, 2015
LinkPlant of Lotus garcinii under a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkClose up of flowers and fruits of Lotus garcinii under a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBlooming plant of Lotus garcinii under a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkShoot of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkLotus garcinii in sand on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkShoot of Lotus garcinii with white background on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBlooming Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkClose up of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBranching shoot of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkPlant of Lotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBush of Lotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkGrowth of Lotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkFlowers on a bush of Lotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBlooming bush of Lotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkSmall plant of Lotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkSmall plant of Lotus garcinii on cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBranching shoots of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBranching shoots of Lotus garcinii with flowers on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkClose up of flowers of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkClose up of shoots of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkTwig of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBranches of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBranching twig of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkSpreading shoots of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkLotus garcinii with fruits on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkLotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkBlooming Lotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkShoots of Lotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkPlant of Lotus garcinii under the cliffs of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, June 20, 2015
LinkLotus garcinii under cliffs on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, August 22, 2015
LinkShoot of Lotus garcinii on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBush of Lotus garcinii on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkHabitat of Lotus garcinii plants on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkBush of Lotus garcinii on limestone on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkSmall plant of Lotus garcinii in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkSmall plant of Lotus garcinii on windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkPlant of Lotus garcinii on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016

32. Lotus glinoides Delile

(Lotus ehrenbergii)

Common names: Hawrbeith

LinkLotus glinoides near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkLotus glinoides with fruits in salt marsh near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkLotus glinoides with flowers near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkCentral hub of Lotus glinoides near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkLotus glinoides with fruits on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkFruits of Lotus glinoides in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkFlowers and fruits of Lotus glinoides in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkPlant of Lotus glinoides in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkPlant of Lotus glinoides growing in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016

33. Lotus halophilus Boiss. & Spruner

(Lotus pusillus, Lotus villosus)

Common names: garn al ghazal, Gazelle's horn, Greater bird's foot trefoil, harbeth, quroon al ghazal

LinkDesert plant with long pods of Greater bird's foot trefoil (Lotus halophilus, Lotus villosus, Lotus pusillis, local names garn al ghazal, harbeth, quroon al ghazal) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkGreater bird's foot trefoil (Lotus halophilus, Lotus villosus) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkSeeds of greater bird's foot trefoil (Lotus halophilus, Lotus villosus) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkGreater bird's foot trefoil (Lotus halophilus, Lotus villosus) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkFlowers of greater bird's foot trefoil (Lotus halophilus, Lotus villosus) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkGreater bird's foot trefoil (Lotus halophilus, Lotus villosus) with flowers and seeds near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkGreater bird's foot trefoil (Lotus halophilus, Lotus villosus) in sand near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkGreater bird's foot trefoil (Lotus halophilus, Lotus villosus) with flowers in sand near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkGreater bird's foot trefoil (Lotus halophilus, Lotus villosus) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016

34. Medicago laciniata (L.)Mill.

Common names: abu hassak, barseem bari, cut-leaved medick, jet barri, Medicago aschersoniana, Medicago polymorpha, nafal abu hasak

Extract from Wikipedia article: Medicago laciniata is a plant species of the genus Medicago. It is found primarily in the southern Mediterranean basin. It forms a symbiotic relationship with the bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti, which is capable of nitrogen fixation. Common names include cut-leaved medick and tattered medick. Grows in Sinai, Egypt.

LinkDesert plant Medicago laciniata (Medicago polymorpha, local names nafal abu hasak, hassak, jet barri) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant Medicago laciniata (Medicago polymorpha, local names nafal abu hasak, hassak, jet barri) with seeds near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant Medicago laciniata (Medicago polymorpha, local names nafal abu hasak, hassak, jet barri) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkDesert plant Medicago laciniata (Medicago polymorpha, local names nafal abu hasak, hassak, jet barri) with seeds in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkMedicago laciniata (Medicago polymorpha, Medicago aschersoniana, local names nafal abu hasak, hassak, jet barri) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkMedicago laciniata (Medicago polymorpha, Medicago aschersoniana, local names nafal abu hasak, hassak, jet barri) with spherical fruits near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkMedicago laciniata (Medicago polymorpha, Medicago aschersoniana, local names nafal abu hasak, hassak, jet barri) and a torpedo seed of Erodium (at the bottom) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkMedicago laciniata (Medicago polymorpha, Medicago aschersoniana, local names nafal abu hasak, hassak, jet barri) and a torpedo seed of Erodium near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkMedicago laciniata (Medicago polymorpha, Medicago aschersoniana, local names nafal abu hasak, hassak, jet barri) and a stray torpedo seed of Erodium near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkAccumulation of dry seeds of Medicago laciniata on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkDry seeds of Medicago laciniata carpeting the ground of a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015

35. Medicago lupulina L.

(Medicago appenina, Medicago cupaniana, Medicago wildenowii, Medica lupulina)

Common names: black medick, hop clover, nonesuch

Extract from Wikipedia article: Medicago lupulina, commonly known as black medick, nonesuch, or hop clover, is a familiar lawn plant belonging to the legume or clover family. Plants of the genus Medicago, or bur clovers, are closely related to the true clovers (Trifolium) and sweet clover (Melilotus). Like the true clovers, black medick has three leaflets and a small, yellow flower closely resembling those of the lesser trefoil. Black medick belongs to the same genus as alfalfa.

LinkBlack medick weeds (Medicago lupulina) taken from a base of a palm tree on Al Shabi Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkBlack medick (Medicago lupulina) with flowers and fruits taken from a base of a palm tree on Al Shabi Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkBlack medick weeds (Medicago lupulina) growing at the base of a palm tree on Al Shabi Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkBlooming black medick (Medicago lupulina) growing at the base of a palm tree on Al Shabi Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkMasses of black medick (Medicago lupulina) at the base of a palm tree on Al Shabi Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkFlowers of black medick (Medicago lupulina) at the base of a palm tree on Al Shabi Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016

36. Medicago monantha (C.A.Mey.) Trautv.

(Trigonella brahuica, Trigonella incisa, Trigonella monantha, Trigonella noeana, Trigonella polycerata)

Common names: nafal barri

LinkMedicago monantha (Trigonella monantha) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Medicago monantha (Trigonella monantha) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkMedicago monantha (Trigonella monantha) with long seed pods near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014

37. Medicago sativa L.

(Medicago afganica, Medicago grandiflora, Medicago ladak, Medicago mesopotamica, Medicago orientalis, Medicago polia, Medicago praesativa, Medicago sogdiana, Trigonella upendrae)

Common names: alfalfa, barseem, jet, lucerne

Extract from Wikipedia article: Alfalfa /ælˈfælfə/, Medicago sativa, also called lucerne, is a perennial flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world. The Spanish-Arabic (according to wiktionary and the DRAE) name alfalfa is widely used, particularly in North America and Australia. But in the UK, South Africa and New Zealand, the more commonly used name is lucerne. It superficially resembles clover, with clusters of small purple flowers followed by fruits spiralled in 2 to 3 turns containing 10-20 seeds. Alfalfa is native to warmer temperate climates. It has been cultivated as livestock fodder since at least the era of the ancient Greeks and Romans.

LinkAlfalfa (lucerne, Medicago sativa, local names jet, barseem) in Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkAlfalfa (Medicago sativa, local names jet, barseem) on roadside in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkAlfalfa (lucerne, Medicago sativa, local names jet, barseem) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkBlooming alfalfa (lucerne, Medicago sativa, local names jet, barseem) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkAlfalfa (lucerne, Medicago sativa, local names jet, barseem) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkFlower of alfalfa (lucerne, Medicago sativa, local names jet, barseem) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkAlfalfa (lucerne, Medicago sativa, local names jet, barseem) in sand on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkBush of alfalfa (lucerne, Medicago sativa, local names jet, barseem) near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkFresh leaves of alfalfa (lucerne, Medicago sativa, local names jet, barseem)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkFlowers and fruits of alfalfa (lucerne, Medicago sativa) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

38. Melilotus albus Medik.

(Melilotus alba, Melilotus argutus, Melilotus leucanthus, Melilotus melanospermus, Melilotus vulgaris)

Common names: handagog abiad, white sweetclover

Extract from Wikipedia article: Melilotus albus (Bokhara clover, honey clover, tree clover, sweet clover, white-flowered sweet clover, white sweet clover, white melilot), is a legume sometimes grown for forage. White sweet clover is a major source of nectar for an apiary. Its characteristic sweet odour, intensified by drying, is derived from coumarin.

LinkWhite sweetclover (Melilotus albus) taken from Al Jood Street near a corner with Saha 16 in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkWhite sweet clover (Melilotus albus) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 19, 2015
LinkClose up of white sweet clover (Melilotus albus) taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 19, 2015
LinkFruits of white sweetclover (Melilotus albus) taken from Al Jood Street near a corner with Saha 16 in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 25, 2015
LinkWhite sweet clover (Melilotus albus) taken from roadside near Twar Mall in Um Lekhba neighborhood. Doha, Qatar, February 29, 2016

39. Melilotus indicus (L.)All.

(Melilotus bonplandii, Melilotus indica, Melilotus melilotus-indica, Melilotus melilotus-indicus, Melilotus officinalis, Melilotus parviflora, Melilotus parviflorus, Melilotus permixtus, Melilotus tommasinii, Trifolium indica, Trifolium indicum, Trifolium melilotus, Trifolium melilotus-indica)

Common names: handagog asfar, Scented trefoil, sweet clover

Extract from Wikipedia article: Melilotus indicus, sometimes incorrectly written Melilotus indica, is a yellow-flowered herb native to northern Africa, Europe and Asia, but naturalized throughout the rest of the world.

LinkSeeds of sweet clover (Melilotus indicus) taken from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 16, 2014
LinkYellow sweet clover (Melilotus indicus) taken from Onaiza area near Al Sham Street. Doha, Qatar, February 19, 2015
LinkFlowers of yellow sweet clover (Melilotus indicus) taken from Onaiza area near Al Sham Street. Doha, Qatar, February 19, 2015
LinkYellow sweet clover (Melilotus indicus) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkPinkish plant of yellow sweet clover (Melilotus indicus) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkFlowers and fruits of yellow sweet clover (Melilotus indicus) taken from the base of a palm tree on Al Shabi Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016
LinkSeeds of black medick (Medicago lupulina) and yellow sweet clover (Melilotus indicus) taken from the base of a palm tree on Al Shabi Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2016

40. Ononis serrata Forssk.

Common names: Sharash

LinkRestharrow plant Ononis serrata at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkRestharrow Ononis serrata with a flower at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkRestharrow plant Ononis serrata on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkRestharrow Ononis serrata on a rocky road on Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkRestharrow Ononis serrata on white background from a rocky road of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

41. Ononis viscosa sicula (Guss.)Hub.-Mor.

(Ononis sicula)

Common names: Barak Sicily

LinkOnonis sicula (Barak Sicily) near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkOnonis sicula (Barak Sicily) in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFlowers of Ononis sicula (Barak Sicily) in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkYellow flower and glandular hairs of Ononis sicula (Barak Sicily) in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkOnonis sicula (Barak Sicily) in a small runnel in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Ononis sicula (Barak Sicily) in a small runnel in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Ononis sicula (Barak Sicily) extracted from a small runnel in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016

42. Parkinsonia aculeata L.

(Parkinsonia thornberi)

Common names: Mexican Palo Verde

Extract from Wikipedia article: Parkinsonia aculeata is a species of perennial flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae. Common names include palo verde, Mexican palo verde, Parkinsonia, Jerusalem thorn, Ratama in Spain, and (where?) jelly bean tree.

LinkBlooming Horsebean (paloverde, Ratama, Parkinsonia aculeata) in Education City campus. Doha, Qatar, March 11, 2010
LinkHorsebean (paloverde, Ratama, Parkinsonia aculeata) grown on roadside of a road to Mesaieed. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkHorsebean (paloverde, Ratama, Parkinsonia aculeata) on roadside of a road to Mesaieed. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkNarrow leaves of Horsebean (paloverde, Ratama, Parkinsonia aculeata) on roadside of a road to Mesaieed. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkHorsebean (paloverde, Ratama, Parkinsonia aculeata) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016
LinkFlowers of horsebean (paloverde, Ratama, Parkinsonia aculeata) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016

43. Phaseolus lunatus L.

Common names: Lima bean

LinkWhite flowers of Lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) on a stone fence on Al Amir Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016

44. Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth.

(Acacia obliquifolia, Albizia dulcis, Feuilleea dulcis, Inga camatchili, Inga dulcis, Inga javana, Inga javanica, Inga lanceolata, Inga leucantha, Inga pungens, Mimosa dulcis, Mimosa edulis, Mimosa pungens, Mimosa unguis-cati, Pithecellobium littorale, Pithecollobium dulce, Zygia dulcis)

Common names: Madras thorn

Extract from Wikipedia article: Pithecellobium dulce is a species of flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to the Pacific Coast and adjacent highlands of Mexico, Central America, and northern South America. It is an Introduced species and extensively naturalised in the Caribbean, Florida, Guamas well as in India, Bengal and the Philippines. It is considered an invasive species in Hawaii.

LinkSeed pod of Madras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) found near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkFlower of Madras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) found near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkBack lit dehisced seed pod taken from Madras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) found near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkSpiral shaped red seed pod taken from Madras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) found near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkGreen, reddish seed pod taken from Madras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) found near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkDry flowers of Pithecellobium dulce on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkSeed pods of Madras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkRipe seed pods of Madras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2014
LinkFlowers of Madras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) near Barzan Towers. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkFruit of Madras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) taken from Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2015
LinkMadras thorn acacia (Pithecellobium dulce) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016

45. Prosopis cineraria (L.)Druce

(Adenanthera aculeata, Mimosa cineraria, Prosopis spicata, Prosopis spicigera)

Common names: Banni, Chaunkra, Gandasein, Ghaf, Jammi, Jand, Janti, Janty, Kalapu andara, Kandi, Katu andara, Khar, Khejri, Lunu andara, Sami, Shami, Sumri, Vanni, Vanni-andara

Extract from Wikipedia article: Prosopis cineraria is a species of flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae. It is native to arid portions of Western Asia and the Indian Subcontinent, including Afghanistan, Iran, India, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. It is an established introduced species in parts of Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. Common names include Ghaf (Arabic); Khejri or "Loong Tree" (Rajasthan); Janty(जांटी) (Bishnois); Jand (Punjabi); Kandi (Sindh); Banni (Kannada);Gandasein(Burmese); Vanni (Tamil); Jammi (Telugu); Chaunkra, Jant/Janti, Khar, Khejri/Khejra, Sami, Shami (Marathi)and (Hindi); Sumri (Gujarat); Vanni-andara, Katu andara, Kalapu andara, Lunu andara (Sinhala).

LinkBee on flowers of a Ghaf tree (Prosopis cineraria) in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of Ghaf tree (Prosopis cineraria) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkGhaf tree (Prosopis cineraria) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkBlooming ghaf tree (Prosopis cineraria) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkGhaf tree (Prosopis cineraria) on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016
LinkBig ghaf tree (Prosopis cineraria) near Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkGhaf tree (Prosopis cineraria) near Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkBranches of ghaf tree (Prosopis cineraria) near Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkGhaf tree (Prosopis cineraria) in a roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, April 16, 2016

46. Prosopis farcta (Banks & Sol.) J.F.Macbr.

(Lagonychium farctum, Mimosa farcta, Mimosa stephaniana)

Common names: Syrian mesquite, yanbout

LinkFruits of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkSyrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) with oblong pods taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkDissected fruit of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkSyrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) with irregularly swollen pods taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkDissected pod with seeds of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 29, 2015
LinkBranch of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) with a fruit (swallen pod) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, May 30, 2015
LinkSyrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) in bloom in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS, or Qatar University Farm) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 20, 2016
LinkFruits of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta)(?) in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkFlowers of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkBranch of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkBranch of Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta) with flower buds taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016

47. Prosopis juliflora (Sw.)DC.

(Acacia cumanensis, Acacia juliflora, Acacia salinarum, Algarobia juliflora, Desmanthus salinarum, Mimosa juliflora, Mimosa piliflora, Mimosa salinarum, Neltuma bakeri, Neltuma juliflora, Neltuma occidenatlis, Neltuma occidentalis, Neltuma pallescens, Prosopis bracteolata, Prosopis cumanensis, Prosopis domingensis, Prosopis dulcis, Prosopis vidaliana)

Common names: al ghaf, ghweif, Ironwood, meskeet, Mesquite, Prosopis chilensis, qwaif

Extract from Wikipedia article: Prosopis juliflora (Spanish: bayahonda blanca) is a shrub or small tree in the Fabaceae family, a kind of mesquite. It is native to Mexico, South America and the Caribbean. It has become established as an invasive weed in Africa, Asia, Australia and elsewhere.

LinkPalm Island with a lone mesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora) remaining from a resort mysteriously demolished in 2006 before Asian Games, view from Corniche. Doha, Qatar, March 25, 2011
LinkSeed pod among dry leaves fallen on the ground of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora, Prosopis chilensis, ironwood, local names meskeet, ghweif, al ghaf) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkSeed pod with dry leaves fallen on the ground of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora, Prosopis chilensis, ironwood, local names meskeet, ghweif, al ghaf) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkFlowers of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora, Prosopis chilensis, ironwood, local names meskeet, ghweif, al ghaf) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkFlowers and a green seed pod of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora, Prosopis chilensis, ironwood, local names meskeet, ghweif, al ghaf) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, October 24, 2014
LinkMesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora, Prosopis chilensis)(?) in a village of Al Jumail (Jumayl) west of Ruwais. Northern Qatar, May 9, 2015
LinkYellow fall foliage of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora, Prosopis chilensis, ironwood, local names meskeet, ghweif, al ghaf) east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora, Prosopis chilensis) in Ain Mohamed Fort near Al Areesh Road north from Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 26, 2015
LinkDry mesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora)(?) near a road to Zubara. North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkBig mesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora) in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn Water Well near Simaisma. Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkOld mesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora) near Uwaynat Bin Husayn Water Well near Simaisma. Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkMesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, March 23, 2016
LinkFlowers of mesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, March 23, 2016
LinkMesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016

48. Rhynchosia minima (L.)DC.

(Dolicholus flavus, Dolicholus minimus, Dolichos minimus, Glycine lamarckii, Glycine littoralis, Glycine reflexa, Rhynchosia aureo-guttata, Rhynchosia exigua, Rhynchosia hockii, Rhynchosia ischnoclada, Rhynchosia mexicana, Rhynchosia punctata)

Common names: Least Snoutbean, pouteria

Extract from Wikipedia article: Rhynchosia minima is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common names least snout-bean, burn-mouth-vine, and jumby bean. It can be found on every continent. It is naturalized in Hawaii.

LinkSeedling of Least Snout-Bean (Rhynchosia minima) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkSeed pods of Least Snout-Bean (Rhynchosia minima) growing on bushes of Ziziphus near a road to Zubara, in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkDry seed pods of Least Snout-Bean (Rhynchosia minima) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkSeedling of least snout-bean (Rhynchosia minima) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkSeedling of least snout-bean (Rhynchosia minima) with flowers and fruits in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkFlowers of least snout-bean (Rhynchosia minima) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkSeedling of least snout-bean (Rhynchosia minima) growing from cracks in mud in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkSeedling of least snout-bean (Rhynchosia minima) emerging from mud in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkCarpet of seedlings of least snout-bean (Rhynchosia minima) under Ziziphus bushes in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkLeast Snout-Bean (Rhynchosia minima) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkLeaf of Least Snout-Bean (Rhynchosia minima) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015

49. Senna alata (L.) Roxb.

(Cassia alata, Cassia bracteata, Cassia herpetica, Cassia rumphiana, Herpetica alata)

Common names: candelabra bush, candle bush, candletree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Senna alata is an important medicinal tree, as well as an ornamental flowering plant in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It also known as emperor's candlesticks, candle bush, candelabra bush, Christmas candles, empress candle plant, ringworm shrub, or candletree. A remarkable species of Senna, it was sometimes separated in its own genus, Herpetica.

LinkCandle bush (Senna alata)(?) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016

50. Senna artemisioides Isely

(Cassia artemisioides)

Common names: Cassia nemophila, Fine-leaf Desert Cassia, Punty Bush

Extract from Wikipedia article: Senna artemisioides is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is commonly known as Silver Cassia or Feathery Cassia - although "cassia" generally refers to the largest-growing Cassiinae. Some of its distinct subspecies also have common names of their own. This plant is endemic to Australia, where it is found in all mainland states and territories, except for Victoria.

LinkBranch with needle-shaped leaves of fine-leaf desert cassia (Cassia nemophila, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkFlowers of fine-leaf desert cassia (Cassia nemophila, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkFlowers of fine-leaf desert cassia (Cassia nemophila, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia) on Al Rayhan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016
LinkBlooming fine-leaf desert cassia (Cassia nemophila, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia) on Al Rayhan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkBush of fine-leaf desert cassia (Cassia nemophila, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia) on Al Rayhan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkFlowers of fine-leaf desert cassia (Cassia nemophila, Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia) on Al Rayhan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016

51. Senna italica Mill.

(Cassia italica, Cassia ligustrina, Cassia obtusa, Cassia porturegalis, Senna obtusa)

Common names: Cassia aschrak, Cassia obovata, helul, ishrig, Mecca senna, senna, senna mekki

Extract from Wikipedia article: Senna italica, Senegal senna, Italian senna, or Port Royal senna is a legume tree in the genus Senna. It is recognized by many other common names based on the regions it grows in. In India, it is used to produce a dye known as “neutral henna”. Senegal senna is easily distinguishable through its many distinctive features. There are 3 subspecies of this plant based on the size of the inflorescence and the length of the petiole. The subspecies are italica, micrantha, and arachoides. In many regions, this plant is cultivated commercially and medicinally.

LinkSenna italica (Cassia) plant in desert of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkAnts feeding on Senna italica (Cassia) plant in desert of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkFlowers of Senna italica (Cassia aschrak, Cassia obovata, Cassia italica, local names ishrig, senna, senna mekki) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkSenna italica (Cassia aschrak, Cassia obovata, Cassia italica, local names ishrig, senna, senna mekki) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkFlowers of Senna italica (Cassia) on roadside near Trainah. Southern Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkGreen seed pod of Senna italica (Cassia) on roadside near Trainah. Southern Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkSenna italica (Cassia) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkSeedling of Senna italica (Cassia) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkSplit pod of Senna italica (Cassia) with seeds taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015

52. Senna occidentalis (L.)Link

(Cassia caroliniana, Cassia ciliata, Cassia falcata, Cassia foetida, Cassia laevigata, Cassia macradenia, Cassia obliquifolia, Cassia occidentalis, Cassia planisiliqua, Ditramexa occidentalis, Ditremexa occidentalis)

Common names: coffee senna, coffeeweed, Mogdad coffee, negro-coffee, senna coffee, Stephanie coffee, stinkingweed, styptic weed

Extract from Wikipedia article: Senna occidentalis is a pantropical plant species.

LinkCoffeeweed (Senna occidentalis) taken from Al Jood Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 7, 2015
LinkFlower of coffeeweed (Senna occidentalis) on Al Jood Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2015
LinkCoffeeweed (Senna occidentalis) on Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016
LinkCoffeeweed (Senna occidentalis) with flowers and fruits on Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016
LinkOpened seed pod of coffeeweed (Senna occidentalis) taken from Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkBrown seeds of coffeeweed (Senna occidentalis) taken from Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016

53. Senna surattensis (Burm.f.)H.S.Irwin & Barneby

(Cassia fastigiata, Cassia galuca, Cassia suffruiticosa, Cassia suffruticosa, Cassia surattensis, Psilorhegma suffruticosa, Senna speciosa)

Common names: Bush Senna, Glaucous Cassia, Golden Senna, Scrambled Egg Tree

LinkBlooming Golden Senna (Glaucous Cassia, Senna surattensis) on Corniche. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2014
LinkGolden Senna (Glaucous Cassia, Senna surattensis) on Al Jood Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015
LinkLeaves of Golden Senna (Glaucous Cassia, Senna surattensis) on Al Jood Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015
LinkGolden Senna (Glaucous Cassia, Senna surattensis) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkGolden Senna (Glaucous Cassia, Senna surattensis) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016
LinkGolden Senna (Glaucous Cassia, Senna surattensis) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016

54. Tamarindus indica L.

(Tamarindus occidentalis, Tamarindus officinalis, Tamarindus umbrosa)

Common names: Indian Date, Tamarind

Extract from Wikipedia article: Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) (from Arabic: تمر هندي‎, romanized tamar hindi, "Indian date") is a leguminous tree in the family Fabaceae indigenous to tropical Africa. The genus Tamarindus is a monotypic taxon, having only a single species.

LinkBlooming Tamarind (Indian Date, Tamarindus indica) in area of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 5, 2014

55. Taverniera spartea (Burm.f.) DC.

(Hedysarum spartium, Taverniera gonoclada, Taverniera incana)

Common names: aelijaan, daheer

LinkBlooming bush of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkBush of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkFlowers on a bush of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkFlowers of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkFlowers of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) on white background at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkShoots of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkFlower of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) taken from north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkTaverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkTaverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) at sunrise at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkFlowers of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) in dew at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBlooming Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) in dew at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBack lit Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) in dew at north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkFlower and fruits of Taverniera spartea taken from north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkFruits of Taverniera spartea taken from north end of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkBush of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) with seeds near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkTaverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) with fruits near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkWinged fruits of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) taken from area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkBush of Taverniera spartea (local name Aelijaan) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 16, 2016

56. Trifolium repens L.

(Amoria repens, Lotodes repens, Trifolium limonium, Trifolium stipitatum)

Common names: white clover

Extract from Wikipedia article: Trifolium repens, the white clover (also known as Dutch clover and Ladino [clover]), is a herbaceous perennial plant in the bean family Fabaceae native to Europe and central Asia. It has been widely introduced worldwide as a yard crop, and is now also common in most grassy areas of North America and New Zealand. The species includes varieties often classed as small, intermediate and large, according to height, which reflects petiole length. The term “white clover” is applied to the species in general, “Dutch clover” is often applied to intermediate varieties (but sometimes to smaller varieties), and “ladino clover” is applied to large varieties.

LinkWhite clover (Trifolium repens) near a palm tree on Mareb Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2016
LinkWhite clover (Trifolium repens) under a palm tree on Mareb Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2016
LinkWhite clover (Trifolium repens) taken from Mareb Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2016
LinkWhite clover (Trifolium repens) on dark background taken from Mareb Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2016
LinkWhite clover (Trifolium repens) under a palm tree on Mareb Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2016

57. Trigonella foenum-graecum L.

(Trigonella tibetana)

Common names: Fenugreek

Extract from Wikipedia article: Fenugreek (/ˈfɛnjʉɡriːk/; Trigonella foenum-graecum) is an annual plant in the family Fabaceae with leaves consisting of three small obovate to oblong leaflets. It is cultivated worldwide as a semi-arid crop, and its seeds are a common ingredient in dishes from the Indian Subcontinent.

LinkWhite flowers of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) on roadside of Salwa Road. Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkDried seeds of fenugreek (Halba from India, Trigonella foenum-graecum) for sale in spice section in Souq Waqif (Old Market). Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2014
LinkDry fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)(?) for sale in spice section in Souq Waqif (Old Market). Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2014
LinkFenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) near Al Jamiaa Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 12, 2016
LinkBlooming fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) taken from Al Jamiaa Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 12, 2016

58. Trigonella glabra Thunb.

(Trigonella hamosa)

Common names: Egyptian Fenugreek, nafal barri, quTeifah

LinkEgyptian Fenugreek (Trigonella glabra, Trigonella hamosa) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkEgyptian Fenugreek (Trigonella glabra, Trigonella hamosa) with flowers and seeds in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkEgyptian Fenugreek (Trigonella glabra, Trigonella hamosa, local name nafal barri) near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Egyptian Fenugreek (Trigonella glabra, Trigonella hamosa, local name nafal barri) near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Egyptian Fenugreek (Trigonella glabra, Trigonella hamosa) taken from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 15, 2014
LinkSeeds of Egyptian Fenugreek (Trigonella glabra, Trigonella hamosa) taken from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 15, 2014
LinkEgyptian Fenugreek (Trigonella glabra, Trigonella hamosa) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016

59. Trigonella stellata Forssk.

Common names: Hilba bariyah, nafal barri, quTeifah, Star Fenugreek

LinkClover like flowers of Trigonella stellata near Northern Road (Shamal). Qatar, March 7, 2012
LinkStar Fenugreek (Trigonella stellata) or Medicago(?) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkStar Fenugreek (Trigonella stellata, local name nafal barri) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkStar Fenugreek (Trigonella stellata, local name nafal barri) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkStar Fenugreek (Trigonella stellata, local name nafal barri) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkStar Fenugreek (Trigonella stellata, local name nafal barri) in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016

60. Vachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.

(Acacia arabica, Acacia scorpioides)

Common names: Al-sant, Babul, Egyptian thorn, gum arabic tree, karuvela maram, Kikar, lekkerruikpeul, prickly acacia, Sant tree, scented thorn, thorn mimosa

Extract from Wikipedia article: Vachellia nilotica (widely known by the taxonomic synonym Acacia nilotica, or the common names gum arabic tree, Babul/Kikar, Egyptian thorn, Sant tree, Al-sant or prickly acacia; called thorn mimosa or prickly acacia in Australia; lekkerruikpeul or scented thorn in South Africa; karuvela maram in South India) is a species of Vachellia native to Africa, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. It is also currently an invasive species of significant concern in Australia.

LinkYellow flowers of Gum Arabic Tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica)(?) in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 11, 2014
LinkGum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 29, 2015
LinkConstricted pod of gum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) taken from Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkWhite-grey pod of gum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) taken from Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkSplit seed pod of gum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) taken from Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 26, 2015
LinkGum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) planted near HBKU Research Complex in Education City. Doha, Qatar, January 20, 2016
LinkLarge gum arabic trees (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkGum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) in abandoned gardens in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkLarge gum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) in abandoned gardens in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkDry seed pods of gum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) on the ground in abandoned gardens in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkGum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016
LinkGum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 6, 2016
LinkLarge gum arabic tree (babul, Vachellia nilotica, Acacia arabica) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 6, 2016

61. Vicia monantha Retz.

(Cracca calcarata, Vicia biflora, Vicia calcarata, Vicia griffithii)

Common names: barn vetch, duhraij, hard vetch, square-stemmed vetch

LinkHard vetch (Vicia monantha) with flowers taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016
LinkHard vetch (Vicia monantha) taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016
LinkHard vetch (Vicia monantha) on dark background taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016

62. Vicia sativa L.

(Vicia bacla, Vicia communis, Vicia cornigera, Vicia cosentini, Vicia cuneata, Vicia erythosperma, Vicia glabra, Vicia intermedia, Vicia leucosperma, Vicia maculata, Vicia melanosperma, Vicia morisiana, Vicia nemoralis, Vicia notota, Vicia pallida, Vicia pimpinelloides, Vicia terana, Vicia vulgaris)

Common names: common vetch

Extract from Wikipedia article: Vicia sativa, known as the common vetch, garden vetch, tare or simply vetch, is a nitrogen-fixing leguminous plant in the family Fabaceae. Although considered a weed when found growing in a cultivated grainfield, this hardy plant is often grown as green manure or livestock fodder.

LinkBlooming common vetch (Vicia sativa) under a palm tree on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2015
LinkFruit of common vetch (Vicia sativa) under a palm tree on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkPlant of common vetch (Vicia sativa) with flowers taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkLeaf of common vetch (Vicia sativa) taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkShoot of common vetch (Vicia sativa) taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkShoot of common vetch (Vicia sativa) on white background taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkCommon vetch (Vicia sativa) taken from Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkCommon vetch (Vicia sativa) with a flower and fruits taken from Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016

63. Vigna radiata (L.)R.Wilczek

(Azukia radiata, Phaseolus abyssinicus, Phaseolus aureus, Phaseolus hirtus, Phaseolus mungo, Phaseolus radiatus, Phaseolus trinervius, Rudua aurea)

Common names: green gram, lentil, lubia, moong bean

Extract from Wikipedia article: The mung bean (Vigna radiata), alternatively known as the moong bean, green gram, lentil, but not mungo, is a plant species in the legume family. Native to the Indian subcontinent, the mung bean is mainly cultivated today in India, China, and Southeast Asia. It is also cultivated in hot, dry regions in Southern Europe and the Southern United States. It is used as an ingredient in both savory and sweet dishes.

LinkMoong bean (Vigna radiata) in spice section in Souq Waqif (Old Market). Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2014
LinkFlowers of moong bean (Vigna radiata)(?) taken from area of Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkFlowers of moong bean (Vigna radiata)(?) with dark background taken from area of Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkMoong bean (Vigna radiata)(?) on Al Maha Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkFruits of moong bean (Vigna radiata)(?) on Makkah Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkFlower of moong bean (Vigna radiata)(?) on Makkah Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016

64. Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp.

(Dolichos unguiculata, Dolichos unguiculatus, Vigna catjang)

Common names: black eye pea, cowpea, wild cow pea

Extract from Wikipedia article: The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is one of several species of the widely cultivated genus Vigna. Four subspecies are recognised, of which three are cultivated (more exist, including V. textilis, V. pubescens, and V. sinensis):

LinkBlue flowers of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) taken from Al Wosail(?) Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkBlue flowers of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) on white background taken from Al Wosail(?) Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkBlue flower of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) taken from Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015
LinkBlue flower of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) on dark background taken from Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015

XXXII. Frankeniaceae    Frankenia Family 

1. Frankenia pulverulenta L.

(Franca pulverulenta, Frankenia canescens, Frankenia cespitosa, Frankenia nodiflora, Frankenia pampeana)

Common names: Dusty sea heath, European seaheath, homra, meleiha, Moleih, Molleith

LinkTiny desert flowers of European seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) growing in sands of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkEuropean seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) in sands of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkEuropean seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkEuropean seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkCarpet of European seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkProstrate plant of European seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkEuropean seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) growing in silt in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFresh leaves of European seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkYoung plant of European seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkCarpet of European seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkSolitary plant of European seaheath (Frankenia pulverulenta) in area of sewage ponds near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

XXXIII. Geraniaceae    Geranium Family 

1. Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Hér.

(Erodium albidum, Erodium allotrichum, Erodium alsiniflorum, Erodium ambiguum, Erodium arenarium, Erodium atomarium, Erodium boraeanum, Erodium carneum, Erodium chaerophyllum, Erodium cicutifolium, Erodium commixtum, Erodium danicum, Erodium dissectum, Erodium filicinum, Erodium glutinosum, Erodium himalayanum, Erodium hirsutum, Erodium immaculatum, Erodium maculatum, Erodium melanostigma, Erodium millefolium, Erodium minutiflorum, Erodium moranense, Erodium pallidiflorum, Erodium parviflorum, Erodium petroselinum, Erodium pilosum, Erodium pimpinellifolium, Erodium praetermissum, Erodium sabulicolum, Erodium subalbidum, Erodium tenuisectum, Erodium triviale, Erodium verbenifolium, Geranium arenicolum, Geranium chaerophyllum, Geranium cicutarium, Geranium pentandrum, Geranium petroselinum, Geranium pimpinellifolium)

Common names: common stork's-bill, pinweed, redstem filaree, redstem stork's bill

Extract from Wikipedia article: Erodium cicutarium, also known as redstem filaree, redstem stork's bill, common stork's-bill or pinweed, is a herbaceous annual – or in warm climates, biennial – member of the family Geraniaceae of flowering plants. It is native to the Mediterranean Basin and was introduced to North America in the eighteenth century, where it has since become invasive, particularly of the deserts and arid grasslands of the southwestern United States.

LinkRedstem filaree (redstem stork's bill, Erodium cicutarium) growing near Ziziphus bushes near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkFlower of redstem filaree (redstem stork's bill, Erodium cicutarium) growing near Ziziphus bushes near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkRedstem filaree (redstem stork's bill, Erodium cicutarium) on white background near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016

2. Erodium glaucophyllum (L.) L

(Erodium glabrum)

Common names: Ibrat al rahib, Kebaisha, Kersh, timmair

LinkRosette of drying leaves of storkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum?) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkFlower of storkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum) on a roadside near Zubara. Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkFlower and fruits of storkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum) on a roadside near Zubara. Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkStorkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum) from a roadside near Zubara. Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkPlant of storkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum) on roadside in Dukhan. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkStorkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum) on roadside of Al Shamal Road. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of storkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum) on roadside in Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkFlower of storkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkStorkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkStorkbill (Erodium glaucophyllum) with fruits near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016

3. Erodium laciniatum (Cav.) Willd.

(Erodium affine, Erodium hesperium, Erodium involucratum, Erodium nervulosum, Erodium pyramidatum, Erodium soluntinum, Erodium strigosum, Erodium subintegrifolium, Erodium triangulare)

Common names: Cutleaf Heron's-bill, Cut-leaved cranesbill, Geranium laciniatum, Hambaz, ibrat al rahib, qarnawah

My notes: Some of plants may be E. oxyrrhynchum or E. neuradifolium.

LinkCut-leaved Storkbill (Erodium laciniatum, Hanbaz, qarnwah) in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, February 13, 2010
LinkCutleaf Heron's-bill (Erodium laciniatum) near Sawda Natheel Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFlowers and seeds of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFlowers and seeds of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkCut-leaved Storkbill (Erodium laciniatum, Hanbaz, qarnwah) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkCutleaf Heron's-bill (Erodium laciniatum) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum) in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum) with flowers and fruits in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on the periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum) in roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkRosette of leaves of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkBlooming Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkCutleaf heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum)(?) with flowers on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkFruits of cutleaf heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum)(?) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkCutleaf heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum)(?) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBlooming Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) with flowers in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkRosette of leaves of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkFlowers of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkRosette of leaves of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on sand in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkLeaves of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkFlowers and leaves of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBack lit flowers of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkFlowers of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on white background in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkLeaf of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkPlant of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkSmall plant of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) growing near Ziziphus bushes near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkSeeds of cutleaf heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkFlowers of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSmall plant of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBlooming Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) with seeds on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) with flowers on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSeeds of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkClose up of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkPlant of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkFlowers of Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkBlooming Cutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkCutleaf Heron's bill (Erodium laciniatum, Geranium laciniatum, local names qarnawah, ibrat al rahib) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016

4. Erodium oxyrrhynchum oxyrrhynchum

(Erodium botrys, Erodium guttatum, Erodium hohenackeri, Erodium obtusilobum)

Common names: ibrat al rahib

My notes: It may be Erodium laciniatum.

LinkFruits of Heron's bill (Erodium oxyrrhynchum) near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkLeaf of Heron's bill (Erodium oxyrrhynchum) near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkSeeds of Heron's bill (Erodium oxyrrhynchum) near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014

5. Geranium mascatense Boiss.

Common names: black-eyed geranium

LinkBlack-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) growing under Ziziphus nummularia bushes on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBlack-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) growing near Ziziphus nummularia bushes on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkFlower of black-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBack lit flower of black-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkFlower and seeds of black-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBlack-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) with shoots of Ziziphus nummularia on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBlooming black-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBlack-eyed geranium with seeds (Geranium mascatense) growing near Ziziphus nummularia bushes on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBlooming black-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) growing near Ziziphus nummularia bushes in a depression near a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBlack-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) growing under Ziziphus nummularia bushes in a runnel near a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkSeedlings of black-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense)(?) under Ziziphus bush on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkSeedlings of black-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense)(?) under bushes of Ziziphus on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkSeedling of black-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense)(?) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkSeedlings of black-eyed geranium (Geranium mascatense) growing under protection of Ziziphus bushes in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

6. Monsonia heliotropioides (Cav.) Boiss.

(Monsonia asiatica, Monsonia densiflora, Monsonia hispida, Monsonia mallica)

Common names: Dahma, Jrnah, Qarno, Qerienwa

LinkPurple flower of Monsonia heliotropioides (geranium family) in desert. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkMonsonia heliotropioides (geranium family) on a roadside of Rawdat Rashed Road in Umm Al Zubar West. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkBeaked fruits and a flower of Monsonia heliotropioides (geranium family) on a roadside of Rawdat Rashed Road in Umm Al Zubar West. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkClose up of a flower of Monsonia heliotropioides (geranium family) on a roadside of Rawdat Rashed Road in Umm Al Zubar West. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkClose up of fruits and flowers of Monsonia heliotropioides (geranium family) on a roadside of Rawdat Rashed Road in Umm Al Zubar West. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkPink flowers of Monsonia heliotropioides (geranium family) on a roadside of Rawdat Rashed Road in Umm Al Zubar West. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkMonsonia heliotropioides (geranium family) with fruits on a roadside of Rawdat Rashed Road in Umm Al Zubar West. Qatar, December 11, 2015

7. Monsonia nivea (Decne.) Decne. ex Webb

(Erodium bonacellii, Erodium glaucophyllum, Erodium niveum, Monsonia commixta, Monsonia heliotropioides)

Common names: dahma, Erodium neveum, qarnow, Stork's bill

LinkLeaves of stork bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkStork bill with seeds (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkStork bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkStork bill with a flower (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkRosette of leaves of stork bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkStork's bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkStork bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkBlooming stork's bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkStork's bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) with a flower in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkClose up of blooming stork's bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkStork's bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) in sand near limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkStork's bill (Monsonia nivea, Erodium neveum) with seeds near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

8. Pelargonium zonale (L.) L'Her.

(Ciconium clarum, Ciconium cocciniflorum, Ciconium crenatum, Ciconium densiflorum, Ciconium leptopetalum, Ciconium leucanthum, Ciconium placidum, Ciconium rosula, Ciconium siccifolium, Ciconium stenopetalum, Ciconium zonale, Geraniospermum zonale, Geranium crenatum, Geranium ribifolium, Geranium stenopetalum, Geranium zonale, Hoarea amoena, Pelargonium amoenum, Pelargonium crenatum, Pelargonium densiflorum, Pelargonium leptopetalum, Pelargonium leucanthum, Pelargonium novum, Pelargonium ribifolium, Pelargonium siccifolium, Pelargonium stenopetalum)

Common names: horse-shoe pelargonium

Extract from Wikipedia article: Pelargonium zonale, known as horse-shoe pelargonium or wildemalva in Afrikaans, is a wild species of Pelargonium native to southern Africa west of Cape Province, belonging to the geranium family, Geraniaceae. It is one of the parents of the widely cultivated plant Pelargonium × hortorum, often called a "geranium", "zonal geranium" or "zonal pelargonium".

LinkPink flowers of horse-shoe pelargonium (Pelargonium zonale) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, March 3, 2016

XXXIV. Goodeniaceae    Leschenaultia Family 

1. Scaevola sericea Forst. fil.

(Lobelia frutescens, Lobelia koenigii, Lobelia piliplena, Lobelia sericea, Lobelia taccada, Lobelia velutina, Roemeria lobelia, Scaevola bela-modagam, Scaevola billardieri, Scaevola chlorantha, Scaevola collina, Scaevola fauriei, Scaevola frutescens, Scaevola koenigii, Scaevola lambertiana, Scaevola lativaga, Scaevola leschenaultii, Scaevola lobelia, Scaevola macrocalyx, Scaevola piliplena, Scaevola plumerioides, Scaevola plumieri, Scaevola salutaris, Scaevola taccada, Scaevola velutina)

Common names: Beach Cabbage, Beach Naupaka, fanflower, Half flower, Magoo, Merambong, Naupaka kahakai, Ngahu, Sea Lettuce

Extract from Wikipedia article: Scaevola taccada, also known as Beach Cabbage, Sea Lettuce, Beach Naupaka, Naupaka kahakai (Hawaiian), Magoo (Divehi), Merambong (Malay) and Ngahu (Tongan) is a flowering plant in the family Goodeniaceae found in coastal locations in the tropical areas of the Indo-Pacific. It is a common beach shrub throughout the Arabian Sea, the tropical Indian Ocean and the tropical Islands of the Pacific.

LinkWaxy leaves of beach cabbage (Scaevola sericea, Scaevola taccada) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkFruits of beach cabbage (Scaevola sericea, Scaevola taccada) capable to float in seawater in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBlooming fanflower (beach cabbage, Scaevola sericea, Scaevola taccada) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBlooming half flower (beach cabbage, Scaevola sericea, Scaevola taccada) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBerries of beach cabbage (Scaevola sericea, Scaevola taccada) capable to float in seawater and propagated by ocean currents in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkHalf flower (beach cabbage, Scaevola sericea, Scaevola taccada) in bloom in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2015

XXXV. Heliotropiaceae    Heliotrope Family 

1. Heliotropium bacciferum Forsk.

Common names: dhanab al aqrab, Halam, heliotrope, Heliotropium crispum, Heliotropium undulatum, ramram, sedjra tenshama, Turnsole

My notes: Difficult to distinguish it from H. ramosissimum.

LinkFlowers of a desert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium bacciferum, local name Ramram) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 19, 2010
LinkTiny brown desert flowers of Heliotropium bacciferum(?) near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkFlowers of a desert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium bacciferum, local names ramram, danab al agrab, Ramram) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium bacciferum, local name Ramram) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkMalformed fruits of Heliotropium bacciferum(?) damaged by insects of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkDesert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium bacciferum, local name Ramram) taken from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkDesert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium bacciferum, local name Ramram) with flowers taken from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkFruits of Heliotropium bacciferum taken from area at entrance of Umm Bab. Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkFruits of desert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium bacciferum, local name Ramram) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkLarge plant of desert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium bacciferum, local names ramram, danab al agrab, Ramram) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkFresh leaves of desert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium bacciferum) emerging from earth crack near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkSeedling of Heliotropium bacciferum(?) on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015

2. Heliotropium curassavicum L.

(Heliotropium angustifolium, Heliotropium chenopodioides, Heliotropium glaucophyllum, Heliotropium glaucum, Heliotropium lehmannianum, Heliotropium portulacoides, Heliotropium virens, Heliotropium xerophilinum)

Common names: ramram, Seaside Heliotrope

Extract from Wikipedia article: Heliotropium curassavicum is a species of heliotrope that is native to much of the Americas, from Canada to Argentina, and can be found on other continents as an introduced species. It is known by several common names, such as Seaside Heliotrope, Salt Heliotrope, Monkey Tail, Quail Plant and "Chinese parsley" (although this last name is also used for coriander. in Latin American Spanish it is known as cola de mico,cola de gama or rabo alacrán, and it is called kīpūkai in Hawaii. It thrives in salty soils, such as beach sand and alkali flats. This is a perennial herb which can take the form of a prostrate creeper along the ground to a somewhat erect shrub approaching 0.5 m (1.6 ft) in height. The stem and foliage are fleshy, with the leaves thick and oval or spade-shaped. The plentiful inflorescences are curled, coiling double rows of small bell-shaped flowers. Each flower is white with five rounded lobes and a purple or yellow throat. The fruit is a smooth nutlet.

LinkSeaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkSeaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) in a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 6, 2014
LinkSeaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) on a roadside in a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 18, 2014
LinkShoot of Seaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum) in a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 18, 2014
LinkSeaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkProstrate plant of seaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkSeedling of seaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkSeaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) taken from a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkFlowers and seeds of seaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) taken from a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkSeaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkBlooming seaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkPlant of seaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of seaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkSeaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum, local name ramram) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015

3. Heliotropium ramosissimum (Lehm.) Sieb. ex DC.

(Heliophytum kotschyi, Heliotropium assyricum, Heliotropium bacciferum, Heliotropium balansae, Heliotropium crispum, Heliotropium eriocarpum, Heliotropium fartakense, Heliotropium kotschyi, Heliotropium lignosum, Heliotropium maroccanum, Heliotropium moroccanum, Heliotropium persicum, Heliotropium sarothroclados, Heliotropium suffruticescens, Heliotropium turcomanicum, Heliotropium undulatum, Lithospermum hispidum)

Common names: heliotrope, ramram, turnsole

LinkDesert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium ramosissimum) taken from roadside in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 28, 2015
LinkDesert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium ramosissimum) in a roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, April 16, 2016
LinkInflorescence of desert heliotrope (turnsole, Heliotropium ramosissimum) taken from a roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, April 16, 2016

XXXVI. Lamiaceae    Mint Family 

1. Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth.

(Calchas acuminatus, Calchas atropurpureus, Calchas crispipilus, Calchas scutellarioides, Coleus acuminatus, Coleus atropurpureus, Coleus batemannii, Coleus bausei, Coleus berkeleyi, Coleus blancoi, Coleus blumei, Coleus clarkei, Coleus crispipilus, Coleus dixii, Coleus eureka, Coleus formosanus, Coleus gaudichaudii, Coleus gibbsiae, Coleus gibsonii, Coleus grandifolius, Coleus hendersonii, Coleus hybridus, Coleus igolotorum, Coleus ingratus, Coleus integrifolius, Coleus laciniatus, Coleus macranthus, Coleus marmoratus, Coleus multicolor, Coleus multiflorus, Coleus murrayi, Coleus pubescens, Coleus pumilus, Coleus rehneltianus, Coleus reveesii, Coleus ruckeri, Coleus saundersii, Coleus savannicola, Coleus scottii, Coleus secundiflorus, Coleus telfordii, Coleus veitchii, Coleus verschaffeltii, Coleus zschokkei, Germanea nudiflora, Majana acuminata, Majana blancoi, Majana grandifolia, Majana multiflora, Majana pumila, Majana scutellariodes, Majana scutellarioides, Majana secundiflora, Ocimum peltatum, Ocimum scutellarioides, Perilla nankinensis, Plectranthus aromaticus, Plectranthus blumei, Plectranthus ingratus, Plectranthus laciniatus, Plectranthus nudiflorus, Plectranthus scutellarioides, Solenostemon blumei, Solenostemon scutellarioides)

LinkColeus plants (Coleus blumei Cv, Coleus scutellarioides) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2016

2. Lavandula dentata L.

(Lavandula pinnata, Lavandula santolinifolia, Stoechas dentata)

Common names: French lavender, fringed lavender

Extract from Wikipedia article: Lavandula dentata, the fringed lavender or French lavender, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean, the Atlantic islands and the Arabian peninsula. Growing to 60 cm (24 in) tall, it has gray-green, linear or lance-shaped leaves with toothed edges and a lightly woolly texture. The long-lasting, narrow spikes of purple flowers, topped with pale violet bracts, first appear in late spring. The whole plant is strongly aromatic with the typical lavender fragrance.

LinkSalvia like plant of French lavender (Lavandula dentata) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016
LinkShoots of salvia like plant of French lavender (Lavandula dentata) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016
LinkGreyish leaves of French lavender (Lavandula dentata) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016

3. Mentha piperita L. (pro. sp.)

(Mentha aquatica, Mentha crispa, Mentha dumetorum)

Common names: Peppermint

Extract from Wikipedia article: Peppermint (Mentha × piperita, also known as M. balsamea Willd.) is a hybrid mint, a cross between watermint and spearmint. The plant, indigenous to Europe, is now widespread in cultivation throughout all regions of the world. It is found wild occasionally with its parent species.

LinkPeppermint (Mentha piperita(?)) on Al Aasim Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkBush of peppermint (Mentha piperita(?)) near Al Asmakh Street in Najada area. Doha, Qatar, March 28, 2014
LinkPeppermint (Mentha piperita(?)) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of peppermint (Mentha piperita(?)) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkPeppermint (Mentha piperita(?)) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkPeppermint (Mentha piperita(?)) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkPeppermint (Mentha piperita(?)) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016

4. Ocimum basilicum L.

(Ocimum album, Ocimum anisatum, Ocimum barrelieri, Ocimum bullatum, Ocimum caryophyllatum, Ocimum chevalieri, Ocimum ciliare, Ocimum ciliatum, Ocimum citrodorum, Ocimum cochleatum, Ocimum dentatum, Ocimum hispidum, Ocimum integerrimum, Ocimum lanceolatum, Ocimum laxum, Ocimum majus, Ocimum medium, Ocimum minus, Ocimum nigrum, Ocimum odorum, Ocimum scabrum, Ocimum simile, Ocimum thyrsiflorum, Ocimum urticifolium, Plectranthus barrelieri)

Common names: sweet basil

Extract from Wikipedia article: Basil, Thai basil, or sweet basil, is a common name for the culinary herb Ocimum basilicum (UK /ˈbæzəl/; US /ˈbzəl/) of the family Lamiaceae (mints), sometimes known as Saint Joseph's Wort in some English-speaking countries.

LinkSweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) taken from extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2015
LinkSweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkBush of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015

5. Plectranthus pentheri (Gürke ex Zahlbr.) van Jaarsv. & T.J.Edwards

(Coleus pentheri)

Common names: spurflower, Swedish Ivy

LinkBlooming succulent spurflower (Plectranthus pentheri)(?) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2015
LinkBlooming succulent spurflower (Plectranthus pentheri)(?) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkSucculent leaves of spurflower (Plectranthus pentheri)(?) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkClose up of flowers of spurflower (Plectranthus pentheri) taken from a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkSpurflower (Plectranthus pentheri)(?) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016
LinkSpurflower (Plectranthus pentheri)(?) planted in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Al Istiqlal. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2016

6. Salvia aegyptiaca L.

(Melissa perennis, Pleudia aegyptiaca, Salvia arida, Salvia gabrieli, Salvia pumila, Thymus hirtus, Thymus syrticus)

Common names: beraiho, Egyptian sage, ghbeisha, naeem, noaim, raal

Extract from Wikipedia article: Salvia aegyptiaca (Egyptian sage) is a herbaceous plant species belonging to the Lamiaceae family.

LinkEgyptian sage (Salvia aegyptiaca, Salvia pumila, local name naeem) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkEgyptian sage (Salvia aegyptiaca, Salvia pumila, local names naeem, ghbeisha, noaim) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkEgyptian sage (Salvia aegyptiaca, Salvia pumila, local names naeem, ghbeisha, noaim) with fruits on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkEgyptian sage (Salvia aegyptiaca, local names naeem, ghbeisha, noaim) on roadside near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016

7. Stachys arvensis (L.) L.

(Cardiaca arvensis, Glechoma arvensis, Glechoma belgica, Glechoma marrubiastrum, Stachys brasiliensis, Trixago arvensis, Trixago colorata, Trixago cordifolia, Trixago punctata, Trixella arvensis)

Common names: annual hedgenettle, fieldnettle betony, field woundwort, hedge-nettle, stagger weed, staggerweed

Extract from Wikipedia article: Stachys arvensis is a species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common names field woundwort and staggerweed. It is native to Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa. It is known on other continents as an introduced species and widespread weed.

LinkStaggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkPinkish tubular flowers of Staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkPaired leaves with bluntly toothed margins of Staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkPaired leaves and pinkish tubular flowers of Staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkVarious weeds on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms, with staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) in foreground. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkStaggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkStaggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkSeedlings of staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkBlooming staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkPlants of staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkStaggerweed (Stachys arvensis) with flowers on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkSeedling of staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on washed out gravel on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkSeedling of staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) emerging from gravel wash on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkPaired leaves and pinkish tubular flowers of Staggerweed (Stachys arvensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016

8. Teucrium polium L.

(Chamaedrys polium, Monochilon tomentosus, Polium angustifolium, Polium diffusum, Polium erectum, Polium fruticosum, Polium integerrimum, Polium latifolium, Polium perenne, Polium pratense, Polium ramosum, Polium serratum, Polium smyrnaeum, Polium spicatum, Teucrium aegypticum, Teucrium caespitulosum, Teucrium capitatum, Teucrium cephalotes, Teucrium chulilia, Teucrium commune, Teucrium compositum, Teucrium cylindricum, Teucrium foliosum, Teucrium gussonei, Teucrium lavandulatum, Teucrium polium-trifoliatum, Teucrium polycephalon, Teucrium pseudohyssopus, Teucrium pulverulentum, Teucrium purpurascens, Teucrium purpureum, Teucrium stoechadifolium, Teucrium subtriphyllum, Teucrium teuthrion, Teucrium tomentosum, Teucrium virescens)

Common names: gaad, germander, Hulwort, jaad, yaad

Extract from Wikipedia article: Teucrium polium (known popularly as felty germander) is a sub-shrub and herb native to the Mediterranean region and the Middle East. Its flowers are small and range from pink to white, and its leaves are used in cooking and for medicine, particularly for the treatment of stomach ailments. It has also shown some promise in the treatment of visceral pain. In traditional Persian medicine, T. polium (locally called 'kalpooreh') is used as an anti-hypertensive, anti-bacterial, carminative, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrhea, anti-diabetes and anti-convulsant agent. A scientific study in 2003 failed to find any benefit to diabetics, even though it is commonly used in the mideast for this purpose. A scientific study in 2006 found that it does have anti-nociceptive and anti-spasmodic effects. Caution should be applied with use of this herb due to its known liver and kidney toxicity.

LinkFlower heads of hulwort (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkHulwort (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkShoot of Hulwort (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) on Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkDry leaves of Hulwort (Teucrium polium) on Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkDry leaves and buds of Hulwort (Teucrium polium) on Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkShoot of Hulwort (Teucrium polium) in area between Al Khor and Ras Laffan. Qatar, November 1, 2014
LinkFlowers of Hulwort (Teucrium polium) on Fuwairit Hills (Jabal Fuwayrith), on north-eastern coast. Qatar, November 1, 2014
LinkShoot of Hulwort (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) on Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, November 21, 2014
LinkYoung leaves of Hulwort (Teucrium polium) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkShoots of Hulwort (Teucrium polium) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkFresh leaves of Hulwort (Teucrium polium) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkHulwort (Teucrium polium) planted on a roundabout near student dorms in Education City. Doha, Qatar, February 5, 2015
LinkHulwort (Teucrium polium) with a flower on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkPillow shaped plant of hulwort (Teucrium polium) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkBlooming Hulwort (Teucrium polium) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkHulwort (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkHulwort (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) with flowers on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkHulwort (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) on a sandy slope of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkShoots of hulwort (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) on a sandy slope of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkFelty germander (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) near Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkFelty germander (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) among dry grass in a depression behind a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkPlants of felty germander (Teucrium polium, local names jaad, yaad) among dry grass in a depression behind a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016

9. Vitex agnus-castus L.

(Agnus-castus alba, Agnus-castus marostachya, Agnus-castus robusta, Agnus-castus vulgaris, Vitex agnus, Vitex haussknechtii, Vitex hybrida, Vitex integra, Vitex latifolia, Vitex lupinifolia, Vitex pseudonegundo, Vitex robusta, Vitex verticillata)

Common names: abrahams balm, chasteberry, chaste tree, monks pepper

Extract from Wikipedia article: Vitex agnus-castus, also called Vitex, Chaste Tree, Chasteberry, Abraham's Balm or Monk's Pepper, is a native of the Mediterranean region. It is one of the few temperate-zone species of Vitex, which is on the whole a genus of tropical and sub-tropical flowering plants. Theophrastus mentioned the shrub several times, as agnos (άγνος) in Enquiry into Plants. Vitex, its name in Pliny the Elder, is derived from the Latin vieo, meaning to weave or to tie up, a reference to the use of Vitex agnus-castus in basketry. Its macaronic specific name repeats "chaste" in both Greek and Latin.

LinkChaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkChaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2016
LinkFlowers of chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2016
LinkLeaf of chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 16, 2016

10. Vitex trifolia L.

(Vitex agnus-castus, Vitex benthamiana, Vitex bicolor, Vitex indica, Vitex integerrima, Vitex iriomotensis, Vitex langundi, Vitex negundo, Vitex neocaledonica, Vitex paniculata, Vitex petiolaris, Vitex rotundifolia, Vitex triphylla, Vitex variifolia)

Common names: simpleleaf chastetree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Vitex trifolia, the simpleleaf chastetree, is a large coastal shrub or small tree.

LinkSimpleleaf chastetree (Vitex trifolia) on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, August 31, 2015
LinkSimpleleaf chastetree (Vitex trifolia) taken from United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, August 31, 2015

11. Volkameria inermis L.

(Catesbaea javanica, Clerodendrum buxifolium, Clerodendrum capsulare, Clerodendrum commersonii, Clerodendrum coriaceum, Clerodendrum coromandelianum, Clerodendrum emarginatum, Clerodendrum inerme, Clerodendrum javanicum, Clerodendrum neriifolium, Clerodendrum ovalifolium, Clerodendrum ovatum, Ovieda inermis, Ovieda ovalifolia, Volkameria buxifolia, Volkameria commersonii, Volkameria neriifolia)

Common names: Glory bower

Extract from Wikipedia article: Volkameria inermis (glory bower) is a species of flowering plant in the genus Volkameria of the family Lamiaceae, found in Australia, Asia, Malesia and the Pacific islands.

LinkFlowers of glory bower (Volkameria inermis, Clerodendrum inerme) near Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkGlory bower (Volkameria inermis, Clerodendrum inerme) near Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkGlory bower (Volkameria inermis, Clerodendrum inerme) near a farm of Salimi Sheikh Abdullah bin Thani, Ash Shamal area. Northern Qatar, June 13, 2015
LinkGlory bower (Volkameria inermis, Clerodendrum inerme) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkGlory bower (Volkameria inermis, Clerodendrum inerme) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016

XXXVII. Linaceae    Flax Family 

1. Linum strictum L.

(Cathartolinum alternum, Cathartolinum spicatum, Cathartolinum strictum, Chrysolinum strictum, Linum alterniflorum, Linum alternum, Linum gallicum, Linum inaequale, Linum liburnicum, Linum paniculatum, Linum rigidum, Linum scabridum, Linum sessiliflorum, Linum spicatum)

Common names: flax, Katan barri

Extract from Wikipedia article: Linum strictum, commonly known as rigid flax, upright flax, and upright yellow flax, is a species of flax that has a rigid stem, from whence it derives its taxonomic name, growing to a height of 10–45 cm. The plant is endemic to the Mediterranean region, and features highly in classical Hebrew and Greek literature, owing principally to its cultivation for its plant fiber, linen, but also for its edible seeds and culinary foliage.

LinkSpherical seed capsules of flax (Linum strictum) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014

2. Linum usitatissimum L.

(Linum arvense, Linum crepitans, Linum grandiflorum, Linum humile, Linum indehiscens, Linum monadelphum, Linum moroderorum, Linum mucronatum, Linum reuteri, Linum sativum, Linum trinervium, Linum utile)

Common names: flax

Extract from Wikipedia article: Flax (also known as common flax or linseed), with the binomial name Linum usitatissimum, is a member of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae. It is a food and fiber crop that is grown in cooler regions of the world. The textiles made from flax are known in the West as linen, and traditionally used for bed sheets, underclothes and table linen. The oil is known as linseed oil. In addition to referring to the plant itself, the word "flax" may refer to the unspun fibers of the flax plant. The plant species is known only as a cultivated plant, and appears to have been domesticated just once from the wild species Linum bienne, called pale flax.

LinkFlax (Linum usitatissimum) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkBlooming flax (Linum usitatissimum) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 10, 2016
LinkFlax (Linum usitatissimum) with flower buds on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 10, 2016
LinkFlax (Linum usitatissimum) starting to bloom on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 10, 2016
LinkFlax (Linum usitatissimum) growing on waste spot on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 11, 2016
LinkFlower petals of flax (Linum usitatissimum) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 11, 2016
LinkFlower petals of flax (Linum usitatissimum) taken from Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 11, 2016

XXXVIII. Lythraceae    Loosestrife Family 

1. Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers.

(Adambea glabra, Adambea hirsuta, Lagerstroemia augusta, Lagerstroemia flos-reginae, Lagerstroemia hirsuta, Lagerstroemia macrocarpa, Lagerstroemia major, Lagerstroemia minor, Lagerstroemia munchausia, Lagerstroemia plicifolia, Lagerstroemia reginae, Munchausia ovata, Munchausia speciosa, Murtughas hirsuta, Murtughas speciosa, Sotularia malabarica)

Common names: Queen’s crape myrtle

Extract from Wikipedia article: Lagerstroemia speciosa (Giant Crape-myrtle, Queen's Crape-myrtle, Banabá Plant for Philippines, or Pride of India) is a species of Lagerstroemia native to tropical southern Asia.

LinkQueen's crape myrtle tree (Lagerstroemia speciosa) in Aspire Park at early morning. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkQueen's crape myrtle tree (Lagerstroemia speciosa) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 19, 2016
LinkFlowers of Queen's crape myrtle tree (Lagerstroemia speciosa) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, May 19, 2016

2. Lawsonia inermis L.

(Lawsonia alba, Lawsonia coccinea, Lawsonia falcata, Lawsonia falcifolia, Lawsonia purpurea, Lawsonia spinosa, Rotantha combretoides)

Common names: henna tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Henna (Lawsonia inermis, also known as hina, the henna tree, the mignonette tree, and the Egyptian privet) is a flowering plant and the sole species of the Lawsonia genus. The English name "henna" comes from the Arabic حِنَّاء‎ (ALA-LC: ḥinnāʾ; pronounced [ħɪnˈnæːʔ]) or, colloquially حنا‎, loosely pronounced as /ħinna/.

LinkFruits of henna tree (Lawsonia inermis) in area of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 27, 2014
LinkFruits of henna tree (Lawsonia inermis) taken from area of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 27, 2014
LinkFlowers of henna tree (Lawsonia inermis) on Wadi Al Sahl Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015
LinkInflorescense of henna tree (Lawsonia inermis) on Wadi Al Sahl Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015
LinkInflorescense of henna tree (Lawsonia inermis) taken from Wadi Al Sahl Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015
LinkFlowers of henna tree (Lawsonia inermis) on Wadi Al Sahl Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2015

3. Punica granatum L.

(Granatum punicum, Punica florida, Punica grandiflora, Punica multiflora, Punica nana, Punica spinosa, Rhoea punica)

Common names: pomegranate

Extract from Wikipedia article: The pomegranate /ˈpɒmɨɡrænɨt/, botanical name Punica granatum, is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree growing between 5 and 8 m (16–26 ft) tall. In the Northern Hemisphere, the fruit is typically in season from September to February, and in the Southern Hemisphere from March to May. As intact arils or juice, pomegranates are used in cooking, baking, meal garnishes, juice blends, smoothies, and alcoholic beverages, such as cocktails and wine.

LinkPomegranate (Punica granatum) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkFlower of pomegranate (Punica granatum) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkFlower buds of pomegranate (Punica granatum) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015

XXXIX. Malpighiaceae    Barbados cherry Family 

1. Tristellateia australasiae A. Rich.

(Platynema laurifolium, Tristellateia australis, Tristellateia malintana, Tristellateia novaeguineensis)

Common names: maiden's jealousy

LinkClimbing plant of Maiden's Jealousy (Tristellateia australasiae) with yellow flowers in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016

XL. Malvaceae    Mallow Family 

1. Abutilon fruticosum Guill. & Perr.

(Abutilon albidum, Abutilon denticulatum, Abutilon dubium, Abutilon kotschyi, Abutilon nuttallii, Abutilon texense, Sida amoena, Sida denticulata, Sida gracilis, Sida kotschyi, Sida perrottetiana)

Common names: gargadan, jajaan, lowaq, Texas Indian-mallow

Extract from Wikipedia article: Abutilon fruticosum is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family known by the common names Texas Indian mallow, pelotazo, and sweet Indian mallow. It is native to Texas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas in the United States.

LinkFlower and seeds of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkTexas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkShoot of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkTexas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) on roadside of a road to Zubara, north-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkSeeds of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkSeed receptacles of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkYellow flower of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkBlooming Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkSeedling of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkFruits of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkSeedling of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkSeedling of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) with flower buds in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkSeedling of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkTexas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkTexas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) near a camel fence on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkBlooming Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. North-western Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkFlower of Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) against blue sky on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. North-western Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkTexas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) near a camel fence in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkTexas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) eaten by goats inside a bush of Ziziphus in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkTexas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) growing under protection of Ziziphus and Lycium bushes in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkBlooming Texas Indian-mallow (Abutilon fruticosum, Abutilon denticulatum, local name gargadan) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

2. Abutilon pannosum figarianum (Webb) Verdc.

(Abutilon eufigarii, Abutilon figarianum, Abutilon impressum, Abutilon webbianum)

Common names: gargadan, lowaq, ragged mallow

My notes: It was previously called Abutilon figarianum.

LinkVelvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkLeaves of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkBush of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 5, 2014
LinkSeeds of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) collected from area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 8, 2014
LinkClose up of seeds of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) collected from area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 8, 2014
LinkLeaf of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) collected from area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 8, 2014
LinkShoot of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) collected from area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 8, 2014
LinkFruit of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) with seeds from area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 8, 2014
LinkBush of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) in oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkVelvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) taken from oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkVelvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) with flowers and fruits taken from oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkFlowers and fruits of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) taken from oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkDissected flower of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) taken from oasis in front of Film City in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkFlower buds of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) taken from area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 16, 2014
LinkClose up of flower buds of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) taken from area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 16, 2014
LinkFlower of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) in area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 17, 2014
LinkFlower bud of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) in area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 17, 2014
LinkSeeds of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) in area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 17, 2014
LinkFlower bud of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) with an ant in area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, November 17, 2014
LinkDry seed receptacles of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) from area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2014
LinkFruit of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) from area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2014
LinkDry seeds of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) from area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2014
LinkPlant of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkBush of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) on roadside of Dukhan Road. Qatar, February 13, 2015
LinkShoot of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) on roadside of Dukhan Road. Qatar, February 13, 2015
LinkBlooming branch of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) taken from extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkClose up of a flower of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) taken from extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkFlower of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) on white background taken from extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkClose up of a flower of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) on white background taken from extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkFlower of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) on dark background taken from extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkClose up of a flower of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) on dark background taken from extension of Al Kharais Street behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 4, 2015
LinkVelvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) in area behind gas station on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 19, 2015
LinkYoung shoots of velvetleaf (Abutilon pannosum var. figarianum) on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015

3. Adansonia gregorii F. Muell.

(Adansonia stanburyana, Baobabus gregorii)

Common names: baobab, Boab tree

My notes: Imported tree planted in Aspire Park.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Adansonia gregorii, commonly known as the boab, is a tree in the family Malvaceae. As with other baobabs, it is easily recognised by the swollen base of its trunk, which gives the tree a bottle-like appearance. Endemic to Australia, boab occurs in the Kimberley region of Western Australia, and east into the Northern Territory. It is the only baobab to occur in Australia, the others being native to Madagascar (six species) and mainland Africa and the Arabian Peninsula (two species).

LinkBoabab (Adansonia gregorii)(?) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 30, 2015
LinkBoabab (Adansonia gregorii) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2016

4. Bombax ceiba L.

(Bombax aculeatum, Bombax heptaphyllum, Bombax malabaricum, Bombax thorelii, Bombax tussacii, Gossampinus malabarica, Gossampinus rubra, Gossampinus thorelii, Melaleuca grandiflora, Salmalia malabarica)

Common names: kapok, red cotton tree, red silk-cotton

Extract from Wikipedia article: Bombax ceiba, like other trees of the genus Bombax, is commonly known as cotton tree. More specifically, it is sometimes known as red silk-cotton; red cotton tree; or ambiguously as silk-cotton or kapok, both of which may also refer to Ceiba pentandra.

LinkFlower of red cotton tree (Bombax ceiba) taken from Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 16, 2016
LinkDissected flower of red cotton tree (Bombax ceiba) taken from Dahl Al Hamam Park on Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 16, 2016
LinkRed cotton tree (Bombax ceiba) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016

5. Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil., A. Juss. & Cambess.) P. Ravenna

(Bombax aculeatum, Ceiba allenii, Ceiba salmonea, Chorisia speciosa, Spirotheca allenii, Spirotheca codazziana, Spirotheca rhodostyla, Spirotheca rimbachii, Spirotheca salmonea, Spirotheca trilobata)

Common names: drunken tree, silk floss tree, toborochi tree

My notes: Imported ornamental trees. Many trees die several years after their planting in parks of Qatar.

Extract from Wikipedia article: The silk floss tree (Ceiba speciosa, formerly Chorisia speciosa), is a species of deciduous tree native to the tropical and subtropical forests of South America. It has a host of local common names, such as palo borracho (in Spanish literally "drunken stick"). It belongs to the same family as the baobab and the kapok. Another tree of the same genus, Ceiba chodatii, is often referred to by the same common names.

LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in a park of Aspire Zone. Doha, Qatar, February 18, 2011
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in a park of Aspire Zone in morning mist. Doha, Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in a park of Aspire Academy. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2012
LinkRotten Silk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in a park of Aspire Zone. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2013
LinkRotten bark on Silk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) in a park of Aspire Zone. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2013
LinkRotten trunk of Silk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) in a park of Aspire Zone. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2013
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) and Torch Hotel in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkIlluminated Silk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) and Torch Hotel in Aspire Park at morning dusk. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkTrunk of Silk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 23, 2014
LinkFlower of Silk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 23, 2014
LinkBlooming Silk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 23, 2014
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2015
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in Aspire Park at morning. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2015
LinkTrunk of silk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2015
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 29, 2015
LinkSilk floss trees (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) near a beach in Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, May 9, 2015
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) planted in Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, May 9, 2015
LinkCrown of silk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in Aspire Park at morning. Doha, Qatar, October 22, 2015
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in Aspire Park at dusk. Doha, Qatar, October 22, 2015
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, March 3, 2016
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2016
LinkSilk floss tree (Chorisia speciosa, Ceiba speciosa, baobab family) in Aspire Park at dusk. Doha, Qatar, June 27, 2016

6. Corchorus depressus (L.) Stocks

(Antichorus depressus, Corchorus antichorus, Corchorus humilis, Corchorus microphyllus)

Common names: Mulakhiyah al bar, rukbat al jamal, sutaih

My notes: Opened flowers were seen only once.

LinkMat-forming prostrate desert plant Corchorus depressus (local names sutaih, rukbat al jamal, Mulakhiyah al bar) near Sawda Natheel Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlower buds of Corchorus depressus in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkShoot of Corchorus depressus in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkDesert plant of Corchorus depressus with flower buds and fruits in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkDense mat of Corchorus depressus in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkClose up of Corchorus depressus with flower buds and fruits in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkShoot of Corchorus depressus with flower buds and fruits in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkPlant of Corchorus depressus with flower buds and fruits in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkCorchorus depressus in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Al Numan) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkShoot of Corchorus depressus in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkCreeping plant of Corchorus depressus in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkShoot of Corchorus depressus with fruits in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkFresh shoot of Corchorus depressus in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkProstrate plant of Corchorus depressus near Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkMat forming plant of Corchorus depressus near Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkYellow flowers (rarely seen opened) of Corchorus depressus on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkFlower and fruits of Corchorus depressus on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkBlooming Corchorus depressus on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkMat of blooming Corchorus depressus on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkYellow flowers of Corchorus depressus on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkCorchorus depressus in flower on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkMat of Corchorus depressus in flower on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015

7. Corchorus olitorius L.

(Corchorus catharticus, Corchorus decemangularis, Corchorus longicarpus, Corchorus malchairii, Corchorus quinquelocularis)

Common names: Molokheya barria, mulakkiyah, Nalta jute, tossa jute

Extract from Wikipedia article: Corchorus olitorius, commonly known as Nalta jute, tossa jute, and Jew's mallow, is a shrub species in the family Malvaceae. It is the primary source of jute fibre. The leaves and young fruits are used as a vegetable, the dried leaves are used for tea and as a soup thickener, and the seeds are edible.

LinkClose up of leaves of Nalta jute (Corchorus olitorius), with lower serratures on each side prolonged into a filiform appendage, in a small vegetable garden on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 21, 2015
LinkPlant of Nalta jute (Corchorus olitorius) in a small vegetable garden on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 21, 2015
LinkNalta jute (Corchorus olitorius) with a flower under a palm on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, October 19, 2015
LinkBack lit Nalta jute (Corchorus olitorius) under a palm on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, October 19, 2015
LinkPlants of Nalta jute (Corchorus olitorius) growing under a palm tree on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, October 19, 2015
LinkBlooming Nalta jute (Corchorus olitorius) taken from Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, October 19, 2015
LinkNalta jute (Corchorus olitorius) with a fruit taken from Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, October 19, 2015

8. Corchorus trilocularis L.

(Corchorus aestuans, Corchorus asplenifolius, Corchorus fruticulosus, Corchorus rigidiusculus, Corchorus serrifolius, Corchorus somalicus, Corchorus triflorus)

Common names: Mulakkiyah al bar, wild jute

LinkWild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) growing in caked mud in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkWild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) with flowers in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkShoot of wild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkWild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkPlant of wild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkWild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkWild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) growing together with Corchorus depressus in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkShoot of wild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) on white background in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkSeedling of wild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkSeedling of wild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkWild jute (Corchorus trilocularis) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016

9. Gossypium herbaceum

Common names: wild cotton

My notes: Usually grows on hedges.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Gossypium herbaceum, commonly known as Levant cotton, is a species of cotton native to the semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa and Arabia where it still grows in the wild as a perennial shrub. It is a sister-species of Gossypium arboreum.

LinkBush of wild cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) found near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkYellow flower of wild cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) found near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkFruit (seed pod) of wild cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) found near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkWild cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) taken Al Istiqlal Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 5, 2015
LinkDissected fruits of wild cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) taken Al Istiqlal Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 5, 2015
LinkFlower of wild cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkClose up of a maroon flower of wild cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkFlower of wild cotton (Gossypium herbaceum) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015

10. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.

(Hibiscus boryanus, Hibiscus festalis, Hibiscus storckii)

Common names: China rose

Extract from Wikipedia article: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, known colloquially as Chinese hibiscus, China rose, Hawaiian hibiscus, and shoeblackplant, is a species of tropical hibiscus, a flowering plant in the Hibisceae tribe of the family Malvaceae, native to East Asia. It is the most widely used flower in laboratory experiments by scholars and universities to study floral characteristics.

LinkChina rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkStigma of China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkFlower bud of orange China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkRed flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015
LinkOrange half opened flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015
LinkOrange half opened flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkClose up of orange half opened flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkRed flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkPetals of China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) on the ground in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkRed flower of China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) planted in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 25, 2016
LinkChina rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) planted in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016

11. Hibiscus tilliaceus L.

(Hibiscus boninensis, Hibiscus circinnatus, Hibiscus porophyllus, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Hibiscus tiliifolius, Hibiscus tortuosus, Pariti boninense, Pariti tiliaceum, Paritium abutiloides, Paritium circinnatum, Paritium elatum, Paritium tiliaceum)

Common names: balibago, beach hibiscus, bhendi, coastal cottonwood, coastal hibiscus, cottonwood hibiscus, green cottonwood, hau, kurrajong, native hibiscus, native rosella, Norfolk hibiscus, purau, sea hibiscus, sea rosemallow, vau tree, waru

Extract from Wikipedia article: Hibiscus tiliaceus is a species of flowering tree in the mallow family, Malvaceae, that is native to the Old World tropics. Common names include sea hibiscus, beach hibiscus, coastal (or coast) hibiscus, coastal (or coast) cottonwood, green cottonwood, native hibiscus, native rosella, cottonwood hibiscus, kurrajong, sea rosemallow, Norfolk hibiscus, balibago (Tagalog), bhendi (Marathi), balibago (Tagalog), waru (Indonesian), hau (Hawaiian), purau (Tahitian), and vau tree. The specific epithet, "tiliaceus", refers to its resemblance to the related Tilia species.

LinkCottonwood hibiscus (sea rosemallow, Hibiscus tilliaceus) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016
LinkYellow flower of cottonwood hibiscus (sea rosemallow, Hibiscus tilliaceus) from a trimmed tree in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkBack lit yellow flower of cottonwood hibiscus (sea rosemallow, Hibiscus tilliaceus) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkFlower of cottonwood hibiscus (sea rosemallow, Hibiscus tilliaceus) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkClose up of a flower of cottonwood hibiscus (sea rosemallow, Hibiscus tilliaceus) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkCottonwood hibiscus (sea rosemallow, Hibiscus tilliaceus) with flowers in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkYellow flower of cottonwood hibiscus (sea rosemallow, Hibiscus tilliaceus) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016

12. Hibiscus trionum L.

(Hibiscus africanus, Hibiscus dissectus, Hibiscus hispidus, Hibiscus vesicarius, Ketmia trionum, Trionum annuum)

Common names: bladder hibiscus, bladder ketmia, bladder weed, flower-of-the-hour, puarangi, shoofly, venice mallow

Extract from Wikipedia article: Hibiscus trionum, commonly called flower-of-an-hour, bladder hibiscus, bladder ketmia, bladder weed, flower-of-the-hour, modesty, puarangi, shoofly, and venice mallow, is an annual plant native to the Levant. It has spread throughout southern Europe both as a weed and cultivated as a garden plant. It has been introduced to the United States as an ornamental where it has become naturalized as a weed of cropland and vacant land, particularly on disturbed ground.

LinkBalloon like fruits of bladder ketmia (Hibiscus trionum) found in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkFluffy stuff inside balloon like fruits of bladder weed (Hibiscus trionum) found in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014

13. Althaea ludwigii L.

(Althaea gariepina, Althaea garipensis, Althaea laevis, Axolopha ludwigii, Dinacrusa ludwigii, Malva malwensis)

Common names: khatma

LinkAlthaea ludwigii (local name khatma) in silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkAlthaea ludwigii (local name khatma) in caked mud in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkSeedling of Althaea ludwigii in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkFlowers of Althaea ludwigii (local name khatma) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkAlthaea ludwigii (local name khatma) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkLeaves of Althaea ludwigii (local name khatma) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkBlooming Althaea ludwigii (local name khatma) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkBlooming Althaea ludwigii (local name khatma) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016

14. Malva parviflora L.

(Althaea mareotica, Althaea microcarpa, Althaea parviflora, Malva coronata, Malva cristata, Malva juvenalis, Malva mareotica, Malva microcalyx, Malva microcarpa, Malva trionoides)

Common names: Cheeseweed, khubaiza, Least Mallow, Malva flexuosa

Extract from Wikipedia article: Malva parviflora is an annual or perennial herb that is native to Northern Africa, Europe and Asia and is widely naturalised elsewhere. Common names include cheeseweed, cheeseweed mallow, Egyptian mallow, least mallow, little mallow, mallow, marshmallow, small-flowered mallow, small-flowered marshmallow and smallflower mallow. M. parviflora leaf extracts possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. It has a decumbent or erect habit, growing to 50 cm in height. The broad leaves have 5 to 7 lobes and are 8 to 10 cm in diameter. It has small white or pink flowers with 4 to 6 mm long petals.

LinkWhite flowers of Malva parviflora (Malva flexuosa, local name khubaiza) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkMalva parviflora (Malva flexuosa, local name khubaiza) in Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkMalva parviflora (Malva flexuosa, local name khubaiza) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkFruits of Malva parviflora (Malva flexuosa, local name khubaiza) with dodder in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkMallow seedlings (Malva parviflora)(?) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkSmallflower mallow (Malva parviflora or may be nicaeensis) with flower buds on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkPink flowers of smallflower mallow (Malva parviflora or may be nicaeensis) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkMalva parviflora (local name khubaiza) from a roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkMalva parviflora (local name khubaiza) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkMalva parviflora (Malva flexuosa, local name khubaiza) on the periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkSeedling of Malva parviflora in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkClose up of seedling of Malva parviflora in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016

15. Malvaviscus arboreus

Common names: Turkcap, wax mallow

Extract from Wikipedia article: Malvaviscus arboreus is a species of flowering plant in the hibiscus family, Malvaceae, that is native to the Southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, and South America. The specific name, arboreus, refers to the tree-like appearance of a mature plant. It is now popular in cultivation and goes by many English names including Turkcap, Turk's Turban, Wax Mallow, Ladies Teardrop and Scotchman's Purse. Its flowers do not open fully and help attract butterflies and hummingbirds.

LinkFlower of Turkcap (Malvaviscus arboreus) on Wadi Al Sahl Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkBlooming Turkcap (Malvaviscus arboreus) on Wadi Al Sahl Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkRed flower of Turkcap (Malvaviscus arboreus) taken from Wadi Al Sahl Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkFlower of Turkcap (Malvaviscus arboreus) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, December 19, 2015

16. Sida spinosa L.

(Malva spinosa, Malvinda alba, Malvinda angustifolia, Malvinda spinosa, Sida affinis, Sida alba, Sida angustifolia, Sida bicolor, Sida brachypetala, Sida carpinifolia, Sida emarginata, Sida heterocarpa, Sida milleri, Sida minor, Sida pimpinellifolia, Sida subdistans, Sida tenuicaulis, Sida truncata, Sida ulmifolia)

Common names: false mallow, Indian mallow, prickly fanpetals, prickly-mallow, prickly mallow, prickly sida, spiny sida, teaweed, thistle mallow

LinkSida spinosa (Sida alba) taken from water leakage area located between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 15, 2015
LinkPlant of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) taken from water leakage area located between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 15, 2015
LinkPlant of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) on white background taken from water leakage area located between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 15, 2015
LinkSida spinosa (Sida alba) growing near a water leakage site between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 21, 2015
LinkPlant of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) near a water leakage site between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 21, 2015
LinkSida spinosa (Sida alba) with flower buds in water leakage area between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 30, 2015
LinkShoot of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) with flower buds in water leakage area between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 30, 2015
LinkPlants of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) near water leakage area between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 30, 2015
LinkPlants of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) spreading near water leakage area between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 30, 2015
LinkPlants of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) with flower buds in water leakage area between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 30, 2015
LinkSida spinosa (Sida alba)(?) near water leakage area between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, August 19, 2015
LinkSida spinosa (Sida alba) with a flower taken from water leakage area between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, October 5, 2015
LinkClose up of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) with a flower taken from water leakage area between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, October 5, 2015
LinkPlant of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) taken from water leakage area between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, October 5, 2015
LinkPlant of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) near a water outlet site between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, November 18, 2015
LinkShoot of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) taken from a site between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, November 18, 2015
LinkBack lit shoot of Sida spinosa (Sida alba) taken from a site between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, November 18, 2015
LinkSida spinosa (Sida alba) growing near a water leakage site between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkSida spinosa (Sida alba) with black seeds taken from a water leakage site between Al Eithar and United Nations streets in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 7, 2015

XLI. Meliaceae    Mahogany Family 

1. Azadirachta indica A. Juss.

(Antelaea azadirachta, Azedarach deleteria, Azedarach fraxinifolia, Melia azadirachta, Melia fraxinifolia, Melia indica, Melia pinnata)

Common names: Nimtree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Azadirachta indica, also known as Neem, Nimtree, and Indian Lilac is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is one of two species in the genus Azadirachta, and is native to India and the Indian subcontinent including Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Typically growing in tropical and semi-tropical regions. Neem trees now also grow in islands in the southern part of Iran. Its fruits and seeds are the source of neem oil.

LinkNimtree (Azadirachta indica) near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkFlowers of nimtree (Azadirachta indica) on Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015
LinkInflorescence of nimtree (Azadirachta indica) on Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015
LinkWhite flowers of nimtree (Azadirachta indica) on Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015
LinkBlooming nimtree (Azadirachta indica) on Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015
LinkCluster of flowers of nimtree (Azadirachta indica) taken from Al Wosail Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2015
LinkBlooming nimtree (Azadirachta indica) on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkGreen fruits of nimtree (Azadirachta indica) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 28, 2015
LinkNimtree (Azadirachta indica)(?) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 30, 2015

2. Melia azedarach L.

(Antelaea javanica, Azedaraca amena, Azedarach commelini, Azedarach deleteria, Azedarach odoratum, Azedarach sempervirens, Azedarach vulgaris, Azedara speciosa, Melia angustifolia, Melia argentea, Melia arguta, Melia australasica, Melia australis, Melia birmanica, Melia bogoriensis, Melia bukayun, Melia candollei, Melia chinensis, Melia cochinchinensis, Melia commelini, Melia composita, Melia dubia, Melia flaccida, Melia florida, Melia guineensis, Melia hasskarlii, Melia japonica, Melia javanica, Melia orientalis, Melia robusta, Melia sambucina, Melia sempervirens, Melia superba, Melia toosendan)

Common names: Chinaberry, Zanzalacht

Extract from Wikipedia article: Melia azedarach, commonly known by many names, including white cedar, chinaberry tree, bead-tree, Cape lilac, syringa berrytree, Persian lilac, and Indian lilac, is a species of deciduous tree in the mahogany family, Meliaceae, that is native to Indomalaya and Australasia.

LinkChinaberry (Melia azedarach) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkChinaberry (Melia azedarach) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016

XLII. Menispermaceae    Moonseed Family 

1. Cocculus pendulus (J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.) Diels

(Adenocheton phyllanthoides, Bricchettia somalensis, Cebatha esculenta, Cebatha pendula, Cocculus cebatha, Cocculus ellipticus, Cocculus epibaterium, Cocculus glabra, Cocculus laevis, Cocculus leaeba, Cocculus recisus, Epibaterium pendulum, Epibaterium scandens, Leaeba dubia, Menispermum edule, Menispermum ellipticum, Menispermum epibaterium, Menispermum leaeba)

Common names: Cocculus pendulum, gurdhi, Khuneeq, khuneigh

LinkCocculus pendulus vine (local names khuneigh, gurdhi) on a dry tree near Karaana (Karana, Al Kiranah), south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkRed berry on a vine of Cocculus pendulus (local names khuneigh, gurdhi) near Karaana (Karana, Al Kiranah), south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkVine of Cocculus pendulus in Rawdat Mahyoub on roadside of a road to Al Jumayliyah in north-western Qatar, December 6, 2014
LinkTwig of Cocculus pendulus from Rawdat Mahyoub on roadside of a road to Al Jumayliyah in north-western Qatar, December 6, 2014
LinkPlant of Cocculus pendulus (local names khuneigh, gurdhi) on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkVine of Cocculus pendulus on a fence on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkYoung plant of Cocculus pendulus climbing on a fence on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkTrailing shoot of Cocculus pendulus on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkClimbing shoot of Cocculus pendulus on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkCocculus pendulus grown on a dead bush on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkCocculus pendulus growing on dry Ziziphus bushes in a silty depression Thaghab Al Majda near a road to Zubara. Qatar, December 5, 2015
LinkCap of Cocculus pendulus on a dry bush of Ziziphus in a silty depression Thaghab Al Majda near a road to Zubara. Qatar, December 5, 2015
LinkGreen cap of Cocculus pendulus on a dry bush of Ziziphus in a silty depression Thaghab Al Majda near a road to Zubara. Qatar, December 5, 2015
LinkGreen berry like galls on a branch of Cocculus pendulus taken from a roadside depression north from Shekhaniya. Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkCocculus pendulus (local names khuneigh, gurdhi) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkHanging branches of Cocculus pendulus (local names khuneigh, gurdhi) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkRed berries and green galls on Cocculus pendulus (local names khuneigh, gurdhi) found on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkRed berries of Cocculus pendulus (local names khuneigh, gurdhi) found on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkCocculus pendulus (local names khuneigh, gurdhi) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2016

XLIII. Moraceae    Mulberry Family 

1. Ficus altissima Bl.

(Ficus laccifera, Ficus latifolia, Urostigma altissimum, Urostigma lacciferum)

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ficus altissima, commonly known as the council tree, is a species of flowering plant, a fig tree in the family Moraceae. It is a large, stately evergreen tree and is native to southeastern Asia.

LinkFicus altissima in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2015
LinkTrunk of a fig tree (Ficus altissima) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2015
LinkFig tree (Ficus altissima) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, March 3, 2016
LinkEntangled branches of fig tree (Ficus altissima) on its trunk in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, March 3, 2016

2. Ficus benghalensis L.

(Ficus banyana, Ficus chauvieri, Ficus cotoneifolia, Ficus crassinervia, Ficus indica, Ficus krishnae, Ficus lasiophylla, Ficus umbrifera, Ficus umbrosa, Perula benghalensis, Urostigma bengalense)

Common names: Indian Banyan

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ficus benghalensis, commonly known as the Indian banyan, is a tree which is native to the Indian subcontinent. Specimens in India are among the largest trees in the world by canopy coverage.

LinkIndian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) fig tree with fruits at Mousa Bin Nusair Street, Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, June 1, 2013
LinkSikkat Al Mirsal with Indian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) fig tree near Mansoura Street, Najma area. Doha, Qatar, June 7, 2013
LinkTrunk of Indian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkIndian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkFruits of Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) near Al Istiqlal Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2014
LinkLeaf of Banyan (Ficus benghalensis)(?) near Al Istiqlal Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2014
LinkBanyan (Ficus benghalensis)(?) fruits near Al Istiqlal Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 25, 2014
LinkFicus benghalensis(?) near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkTrunk of Indian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 23, 2014
LinkTrunk of Indian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 1, 2015
LinkTrunk texture of Indian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, June 1, 2015
LinkIndian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 30, 2015
LinkIndian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) in Aspire Park at early morning. Doha, Qatar, November 30, 2015

3. Ficus carica carica L.

(Caprificus insectifera, Ficus burdigalensis, Ficus caprificus, Ficus colchica, Ficus communis, Ficus hyrcana, Ficus kopetdagensis, Ficus latifolia, Ficus leucocarpa, Ficus macrocarpa, Ficus pachycarpa, Ficus praecox, Ficus regina, Ficus silvestris)

Common names: Fig, teen Barshomi

Extract from Wikipedia article: The common fig (Ficus carica) is a species of flowering plant in the genus Ficus, from the family Moraceae, known as the common fig (or just the fig), انجیر (Urdu), அத்தி (Tamil), anjeer (Hindi), dumur (Bengali), תאנה (Hebrew) and تين (Arabic). It is the source of the fruit also called the fig, and as such is an important crop in those areas where it is grown commercially. Native to the Middle East and western Asia, it has been sought out and cultivated since ancient times, and is now widely grown throughout the temperate world, both for its fruit and as an ornamental plant.

LinkDusty fig tree (Ficus carica) on Barzan Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014
LinkYoung fig tree (Ficus carica) in a lane behind Abdullah Bin Thani Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 28, 2014

4. Ficus religiosa L.

(Ficus caudata, Ficus peepul, Ficus rhynchophylla, Ficus superstitiosa, Urostigma affine, Urostigma religiosa)

Common names: Bo-Tree, Lisan-el-asforr, Sacred fig

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ficus religiosa or sacred fig is a species of fig native to Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, south-west China and Indochina. It belongs to the Moraceae, the fig or mulberry family. It is also known as the Bo-Tree (from the Sanskrit Bodhi: "wisdom", "enlightened", and as a Sinhalization of this the Sinhala Bo) or Peepal or Pippal (in India and Nepal).

LinkSacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) tree with brown bark near Abdullah Bin Thani Street, Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 1, 2013
LinkSacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) with brown bark at Sikkat Abu Thila, Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2013
LinkIron door with sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) on Abdul Aziz Bin Ahmed Street, Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2013
LinkLarge sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) in an alley parallel to Abdullah Bin Thani Street, Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, May 24, 2013
LinkApartment gate with a green tree sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) at Ibn Al Haitham Street, Fereej Abdel Aziz area. Doha, Qatar, May 24, 2013
LinkIron gate with a large sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) at Ibn Abdul Salam Street, Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, June 1, 2013
LinkSacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) at Sikkat Al Jawhar, Najma area. Doha, Qatar, June 7, 2013
LinkBrown bark of Sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) near Abdullah Bin Thani Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkSacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) on Zurara Bin Amir Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014
LinkBrown bark of Sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) in a lane behind Abdullah Bin Thani Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 28, 2014
LinkShoots of Sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) on Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 28, 2014
LinkSacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) on Al Istiqlal Street Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkLeaves of sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) on Al Istiqlal Street Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkLeaf venation of sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkSeedling of sacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) growing from stone fence in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 3, 2015
LinkSacred fig (Bo-Tree, Ficus religiosa) near a stone fence on Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkLeaves of sacred fig (Ficus religiosa) on Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016

5. Morus alba L.

(Morus arabica, Morus atropurpurea, Morus bullata, Morus byzantina, Morus chinensis, Morus colombassa, Morus constantinopolitana, Morus cucullata, Morus dulcis, Morus fastigiata, Morus furcata, Morus guzziola, Morus heterophylla, Morus hispanica, Morus intermedia, Morus italica, Morus japonica, Morus kaki, Morus laciniata, Morus latifolia, Morus levasseurei, Morus lhou, Morus lucida, Morus macrophylla, Morus mariettii, Morus membranacea, Morus moretti, Morus morettiana, Morus nana, Morus nervosa, Morus nigriformis, Morus patavia, Morus patavina, Morus pumila, Morus romana, Morus rubra, Morus serotina, Morus serrata, Morus sinensis, Morus stylosa, Morus subalba, Morus tatarica, Morus tokwa, Morus tortuosa, Morus venassaini, Morus venosa)

Common names: Tout Abaid, white mulberry

Extract from Wikipedia article: Morus alba, known as white mulberry, is a short-lived, fast-growing, small to medium sized mulberry tree, which grows to 10–20 m tall. The species is native to northern China, and is widely cultivated and naturalized elsewhere. It is known as शहतूत in Hindi,Tuta in Sanskrit, Tuti in Marathi, Dut in Turkish and Toot in Persian and in Armenian.

LinkLeaf of white mulberry (Morus alba) taken from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 15, 2014
LinkWhite mulberry (Morus alba) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkFruits of white mulberry (Morus alba) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2014
LinkBranches of white mulberry (Morus alba) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2014
LinkRipening fruits of white mulberry (Morus alba) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2014
LinkBacklit leaf of white mulberry (Morus alba) taken from a roadside of Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2014
LinkFlowers of white mulberry (Morus alba) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2015
LinkFruits of white mulberry (Morus alba) on dead end on Al Khair Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkRipening white mulberry (Morus alba) on dead end on Al Khair Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkClose up of fruits of white mulberry (Morus alba) on dead end on Al Khair Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkWhite mulberry (Morus alba) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 24, 2016

XLIV. Moringaceae    Drumstick Tree Family 

1. Moringa oleifera Lam.

(Anoma moringa, Guilandia moringa, Hyperanthera arborea, Hyperanthera decandra, Hyperanthera moringa, Hyperanthera pterygosperma, Moringa domestica, Moringa edulis, Moringa erecta, Moringa moringa, Moringa nux-eben, Moringa octogona, Moringa parvifolia, Moringa polygona, Moringa pterygosperma, Moringa robusta, Moringa sylvestris, Moringa zeylanica)

Common names: benzoil tree, drumstick tree, horseradish tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Moringa oleifera is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Moringa, which is the only genus in the family Moringaceae. English common names include: moringa, drumstick tree (from the appearance of the long, slender, triangular seed-pods), horseradish tree (from the taste of the roots, which resembles horseradish), ben oil tree, or benzoil tree (from the oil which is derived from the seeds). It is a fast-growing, drought-resistant tree, native to the southern foothills of the Himalayas in northwestern India, and widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas where its young seed pods and leaves are used as vegetables. It can also be used for water purification and hand washing, and is sometimes used in herbal medicine.

LinkDrumstick tree (Moringa oleifera) on Al Nada Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014
LinkDrumstick tree (Moringa oleifera) with fruits in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkFlowers of drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera) on Ibn Zaidoun Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 28, 2016

XLV. Muntingiaceae 

1. Muntingia calabura L.

(Muntingia rosea)

Common names: aratilis, Bajelly tree, calabur tree, capulin, Jamaica cherry, mansanitas, Panama berry, Sabah cherry, sagase, saresa, Singapore cherry, strawberry tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Muntingia calabura, the sole species in the genus Muntingia, is a flowering plant native to southern Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and western South America south to Peru and Bolivia. Common names include (English) calabur tree, capulin, Jamaica cherry, Panama berry, strawberry tree, Singapore cherry, Sabah cherry, Bajelly tree; (Tagalog) aratilis, and saresa; and (Cebuano, Ilokano) mansanitas and sagase in Kannada.

LinkBee on a flower of calabur tree (Singapore cherry, Muntingia calabura) on Al Husain Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkCalabur tree (Jamaica cherry, Muntingia calabura) on Al Husain Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkFlower on calabur tree (Singapore cherry, Muntingia calabura) on Al Husain Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015
LinkFruits of Calabur tree (Jamaica cherry, Muntingia calabura) taken from Al Husain Street in Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, April 1, 2015

XLVI. Myrtaceae    Myrtle Family 

1. Callistemon viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) G.Don

(Melaleuca viminalis, Metrosideros viminalis)

Common names: Weeping bottlebrush

Extract from Wikipedia article: Callistemon viminalis (formerly Melaleuca viminalis), also known as Weeping Bottlebrush, is a shrub or small tree in the family Myrtaceae. It is native to the states of New South Wales and Queensland in Australia where it often occurs along watercourses.

LinkWeeping bottlebrush (Callistemon viminalis(?)) in a small park in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkWeeping bottlebrush (Callistemon viminalis(?)) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkFlowers of weeping bottlebrush (Callistemon viminalis(?)) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2016
LinkWeeping bottlebrush (Callistemon viminalis(?)) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016
LinkFlowers of weeping bottlebrush (Callistemon viminalis(?)) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016

2. Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.

(Eucalyptus acuminata, Eucalyptus rostrata, Eucalyptus subulata, Eucalyptus tereticornis)

Common names: Kaffur, River Red gum

Extract from Wikipedia article: The River Red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) is a tree of the genus Eucalyptus. It is one of around 800 in the genus. It is a plantation species in many parts of the world, but is native to Australia, where it is widespread, especially beside inland water courses. Oddly, it is named for a private estate garden near the Camaldoli monastery near Naples (L'Hortus Camaldulensis di Napoli), from where the first specimen came to be described. Material from this tree was used by Frederick Dehnhardt, Chief Gardener at the Botanic Gardens in Naples, to describe this species in 1832.

LinkRiver Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkFlowers of River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) taken from Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkFruits of River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) taken from Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 17, 2014
LinkRiver Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkBlooming river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) tree near Al Ghada Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 19, 2016

3. Eucalyptus deglupta Bl.

(Eucalyptus binacag, Eucalyptus multiflora, Eucalyptus naudiniana, Eucalyptus schlechteri, Eucalyptus versicolor, Eugenia binacag)

Common names: Mindanao gum, rainbow eucalyptus, rainbow gum

Extract from Wikipedia article: Eucalyptus deglupta is a tall tree, commonly known as the rainbow eucalyptus, Mindanao gum, or rainbow gum. It is the only Eucalyptus species found naturally in the Northern Hemisphere. Its natural distribution spans New Britain, New Guinea, Seram, Sulawesi and Mindanao.

LinkFlowers of rainbow gum tree (Eucalyptus deglupta) on Wadi Al Sahl Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2015
LinkRainbow gum tree (Eucalyptus deglupta) on Wadi Al Sahl Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2015

4. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels

(Blepharocalyx aromatica, Calyptranthes capitellata, Calyptranthes caryophyllifolia, Calyptranthes cumini, Calyptranthes cuminodora, Calyptranthes jambolana, Calyptranthes jambolifera, Calyptranthes oneillii, Caryophyllus corticosus, Caryophyllus jambos, Eugenia aromatica, Eugenia calyptrata, Eugenia caryophyllifolia, Eugenia cumini, Eugenia jambolana, Eugenia jambolifera, Eugenia obovata, Eugenia obtusifolia, Eugenia tsoi, Jambolifera chinensis, Jambolifera coromandelica, Jambolifera pedunculata, Myrtus corticosa, Myrtus cumini, Myrtus obovata, Siphoneugena aromatica, Syzygium caryophyllifolium, Syzygium jambolanum, Syzygium obovatum, Syzygium obtusifolium)

Common names: black plum, jambolan, Java plum, Malabar plum

Extract from Wikipedia article: Syzygium cumini, commonly known as Malabar plum, Java plum, black plum, or jambolan, is an evergreen tropical tree in the flowering plant family Myrtaceae, and favored for its fruit, timber, and ornamental value. It is native to the Indian Subcontinent, adjoining regions of Southeast Asia, including Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and the Andaman Islands. A rapidly growing plant, it is considered an invasive species in many world regions.

LinkBlack fruit from Malabar plum tree (Syzygium cumini) with evergreen glossy leaves in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 11, 2015

XLVII. Neuradaceae 

1. Neurada procumbens L.

(Figaraea aegyptiaca)

Common names: Creeping-thorn Rose, sadan, saeed saydan

LinkSand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) in Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkSand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkSand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlack caterpillars eating Sand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlack caterpillars on Sand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant Sand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) taken from periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFruits of sand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) taken from desert on the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkShoot of sand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) taken from desert on the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkFruits and a flower of sand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) taken from desert on the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkSand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBlooming sand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSand button (creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) with a white flower on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSand button (fruit of creeping thorn rose, Neurada procumbens, local name saadan) taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Qatar, April 8, 2016

XLVIII. Nyctaginaceae    Four o'clock Family 

1. Boerhavia erecta L.

(Boerhavia atomaria, Boerhavia discolor, Boerhavia elongata, Boerhavia paniculata, Boerhavia scabrida, Boerhavia thornberi, Boerhavia virgata)

Common names: spiderling

My notes: Mostly seen as a prostrate form with narrow leaves. It could be B. diffusa.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Boerhavia erecta is one of the many species that is present in the genus Boerhavia L. Commonly known as the erect spiderling or the erect boerhavia, it is a member of the Nyctaginaceae family with a chromosome number of 52. Boerhavia erecta is native to the United States, Mexico, Central America and western South America, but the erect spiderling is now present in different tropical and subtropical areas of the world. In Africa, the distribution spans from West Africa to the east of Somalia and South Africa. It has recently been introduced to the east of Madagascar in Réunion. In Asia, it is present in India, Java, Malaysia, the Philippines, China and the Ryukyu Islands. Boerhavia erecta is an extraordinary species of plant that is useful and unique through its physical characteristics and genetic composition.

LinkProstrate plant of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) with tiny flowers on roadside of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkSpiderling (Boerhavia erecta) growing near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkBlooming spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) growing near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkMat of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkShoots of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) with flowers near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkClose up of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkDense growth of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkShoot of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkShoot of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) with flowers near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkShoot of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) with fruits near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkHabitat of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkClose up of shoot of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkSpiderling (Boerhavia erecta) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkShoots of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkFleshy shoot of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkBack side of a shoot of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkBack side of leaves of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015
LinkReddish shoot of spiderling (Boerhavia erecta) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015
LinkSpiderling (Boerhavia erecta) near a pond on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016

2. Bougainvillea glabra Choisy

(Bougainvillea arborea, Bougainvillea brachycarpa, Bougainvillea formosa, Bougainvillea rubicunda, Bougainvillea spectabilis)

Common names: Gouhanamiya, paperflower

Extract from Wikipedia article: Bougainvillea glabra, lesser bougainvillea or paperflower, is the most common species of bougainvillea used for bonsai.

LinkAl Nisr Street with paperflowers (Bougainvillea glabra), Fereej Abdel Aziz area. Doha, Qatar, May 24, 2013
LinkPaperflower (Bougainvillea glabra) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkClose up of paperflower (Bougainvillea glabra) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkPaperflower (Bougainvillea glabra) on a fence on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkPetals of paperflower (Bougainvillea glabra) on the ground on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2014
LinkPetals of paperflower (Bougainvillea glabra) on the ground on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkPaperflower (Bougainvillea glabra) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkBlooming paperflower (Bougainvillea glabra) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015

XLIX. Oleaceae    Olive Family 

1. Jasminum grandiflorum L.

(Jasminum officinale)

Common names: Catalonian jasmine, Royal jasmine, Spanish jasmine

Extract from Wikipedia article: Jasminum grandiflorum, also known variously as the Spanish jasmine, Royal jasmine, Catalonian jasmine, among others (chambeli in Urdu) is a species of jasmine native to South Asia (Nepal, Kashmir, and northern Pakistan), the Arabian peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia), Northeast Africa (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia, Sudan), the African Great Lakes (Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda), and the Yunnan and Sichuan regions of China. The species is widely cultivated and is reportedly naturalized in République de Guinée, the Maldive Islands, Mauritius, Réunion, Java, the Cook Islands, Chiapas, Central America, and much of the West Indies.

LinkJasminum grandiflorum(?) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of Mysore Mallige (Jasminum grandiflorum) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015

2. Jasminum multiflorum (Burm.f.) Andrews

(Jasminum congestum, Jasminum gracillimum, Jasminum pubescens, Mogorium multiflorum, Mogorium pubescens, Nyctanthes multiflora, Nyctanthes pubescens)

Common names: downy jasmine, Indian jasmine, star jasmine, winter jasmine

Extract from Wikipedia article: Jasminum multiflorum is a species of jasmine, in the family Oleaceae. It is known as winter jasmine, Indian jasmine, downy jasmine, and star jasmine. It is called "Sanna jaaji malli" (సన్న జాజి మల్లి) in Telugu. It flowers in Indian winter. It is also called Magha Mallika (Sanskrit) since it flowers in Magha winter month in the Indian Hindu Calendar. It flowers so much that sometimes the flowers cover most of the leaves leaving everything white.

LinkWhite flowers of star jasmine (Jasminum multiflorum) planted in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 25, 2016

3. Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton

(Jasminum bicorollatum, Jasminum blancoi, Jasminum fragrans, Jasminum heyneanum, Jasminum odoratum, Jasminum pubescens, Jasminum quadrifolium, Jasminum quinqueflorum, Jasminum sanjurium, Jasminum trifoliatum, Jasminum undulatum, Jasminum zambac, Mogorium gimea, Mogorium goaense, Mogorium sambac, Mogorium undulatum, Nyctanthes goa, Nyctanthes sambac, Nyctanthes undulata)

Extract from Wikipedia article: Jasminum sambac is a species of jasmine native to a small region in the eastern Himalayas in Bhutan and neighboring India. It is cultivated in many places, especially across much of South and Southeast Asia. It is naturalized in many scattered locales: Mauritius, Madagascar, the Maldives, Cambodia, Java, Christmas Island, Chiapas, Central America, southern Florida, the Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and the Lesser Antilles.

LinkJasminum sambac in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015

4. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L.

(Bruschia macrocarpa, Nyctanthes dentata, Nyctanthes tristis, Parilium arbor-tristis, Scabrita scabra, Scabrita triflora)

Common names: coral jasmine, night-flowering jasmine, Parijat flower

Extract from Wikipedia article: Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Night-flowering Jasmine) is a species of Nyctanthes, native to South Asia and Southeast Asia.

LinkWhite flowers with orange bright stems of coral, or night jasmine (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Parijat) carpeting the ground in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkFlowers of coral, or night jasmine (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Parijat) with white corolla and an orange-red center in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015

5. Olea europaea L.

(Olea pallida)

Common names: olive tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: The olive (/ˈɒlɪv/ or /ˈɑːləv/, Olea europaea, meaning "olive from/of Europe") is a species of small tree in the family Oleaceae, found in much of Africa, the Mediterranean Basin from Portugal to the Levant, the Arabian Peninsula, and southern Asia as far east as China, as well as the Canary Islands, Mauritius and Réunion. The species is cultivated in many places and considered naturalized in France, Corsica, Greece, Crimea, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon, Java, Norfolk Island, California and Bermuda.

LinkOlive tree (Olea europaea) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 23, 2014
LinkOlive tree (Olea europaea) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2015
LinkOlive tree (Olea europaea) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2015
LinkOlive tree (Olea europaea) in Aspire Park at morning. Doha, Qatar, October 22, 2015
LinkOlive tree (Olea europaea) planted in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2016
LinkOlive tree (Olea europaea) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2016
LinkOlive tree (Olea europaea) at morning in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 21, 2016

L. Onagraceae    Evening Primrose Family 

1. Oenothera speciosa Nutt.

(Hartmannia speciosa, Xylopleurum speciosum)

Common names: Showy Evening Primrose

Extract from Wikipedia article: Oenothera speciosa is a species of evening primrose known by several common names, including pinkladies, pink evening primrose, showy evening primrose, Mexican primrose, and amapola. It is a herbaceous perennial wildflower native to 28 of the lower 48 U.S. states (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, the Carolinas, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, and West Virginia) as well as Chihuahua and Coahuila in Mexico. The specific name, speciosa, means "showy".

LinkShowy Evening Primrose (Oenothera speciosa, invasive ground cover) on a lawn among Carissa bushes near back entrance of Texas A and M University on campus of Education City. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkFlower of Showy Evening Primrose (Oenothera speciosa) on a lawn near back entrance of Texas A and M University on campus of Education City. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkClose up of a flower of Showy Evening Primrose (Oenothera speciosa) on a lawn near back entrance of Texas A and M University on campus of Education City. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkShowy Evening Primrose (Oenothera speciosa) among Carissa bushes near back entrance of Texas A and M University on campus of Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2015
LinkShowy Evening Primrose (Oenothera speciosa, invasive ground cover) on a lawn near back entrance of Texas A and M University on campus of Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2015
LinkShowy Evening Primrose (Oenothera speciosa) blooming among Carissa bushes near back entrance of Texas A and M University on campus of Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2015
LinkFlowers of Showy Evening Primrose (Oenothera speciosa) on a lawn near back entrance of Texas A and M University on campus of Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkFlowers of Showy Evening Primrose (Oenothera speciosa) among Carissa bushes on a lawn near back entrance of Texas A and M University on campus of Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015

LI. Orobanchaceae    Broomrape Family 

1. Cistanche tubulosa (Schenk) R. Wight

(Cistanche flava, Cistanche lutea, Phelipaea flava, Phelipaea gigantea, Phelipaea tubulosa)

Common names: Cistanche phelypaea, Desert Hyacinth, dhanon, dhanoon, Lathraea phelypaea, tarsous, Tartuth, Wedaina, zanoon

LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) with a host plant, salt tolerant succulent Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (glasswort). Salt marsh near Mesaieed, Qatar, January 29, 2010
LinkYellow and maroon flower buds emerging from sand of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) appear in a desert after recent rains. Salt marsh near Mesaieed, Qatar, January 29, 2010
LinkPyramid flower spike of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth). Salt marsh near Mesaieed, Qatar, January 29, 2010
LinkPyramid spikes of bright yellow flowers of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) with a fly. Salt marsh near Mesaieed, Qatar, January 29, 2010
LinkFlower spikes of bright yellow flowers of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) popping from cyanobacterial crust of salt marsh. Southeast coastal area near Mesaieed, Qatar, January 29, 2010
LinkPyramid spike of bright yellow flowers of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) with mangrove in background. Salt marsh near Mesaieed, Qatar, January 29, 2010
LinkParasitic plants Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) in bloom. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkFlower of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkFlower bud of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkPyramid flower spike of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkFlowers of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkFlower spike of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) with a host plant, salt tolerant succulent Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (glasswort, local name shnaan) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkBright yellow flowers of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth). Salt marsh near Mesaieed, Qatar, March 18, 2011
LinkDesert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa) with a host plant, a salt tolerant succulent, at Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) with a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, Cistanche phelypaea, Lathraea phelypaea, local names zanoon, Wedaina) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkFlower of Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, Cistanche phelypaea, Lathraea phelypaea, local names zanoon, Wedaina) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkFlower buds of Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, Cistanche phelypaea, Lathraea phelypaea, local names zanoon, Wedaina) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) with a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkCistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkCistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) in salt marsh near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkFlowers of Cistanche tubulosa at salt marshes near Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkBird tracks and a flower of Cistanche tubulosa on sand of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkFlower of Cistanche tubulosa on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkFlower of Cistanche tubulosa on sand of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkFlower of Cistanche tubulosa on a sandy beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) on a roadside near Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkFlower buds of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa) with a host plant Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (glasswort, local name shnaan) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkEmerging parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkParasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth) emerging from sand near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkPurple shoot of parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth) emerging from sand on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkEmerging flower of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkFlower of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) growing from sand near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkFlower of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) appearing from sand near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkBlooming Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkEmerging flower of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) at sunrise near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkBlooming parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) with a host plant Arthrocnemum macrostachyum near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkBlooming plant of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) at sunrise near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkEmerging flowers of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) at sunrise near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkFlowers of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) in sand near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkFlowers of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) emerging from sand near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkFlower spike of Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) in sand near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkBlooming parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) with a host plant Tetraena near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkDesert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) on a beach in southern Al Wakra. Qatar, February 7, 2015
LinkTall plant of a parasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkDry inflorescence of Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkStout form of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkStout form of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) near a sand fence on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkStout form of a parasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkParasitic plant Cistanche tubulosa (desert hyacinth, dhanoon, Tartuth) with flower buds in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkParasitic plant Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa) with a host plant Haloxylon salicornicum in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

LII. Oxalidaceae    Oxalis Family 

1. Oxalis corniculata L.

Common names: Creeping Woodsorrel, hamd, hommaid, Oxalis repens

Extract from Wikipedia article: Oxalis corniculata, the creeping woodsorrel, also called procumbent yellow-sorrel or sleeping beauty, resembles the common yellow woodsorrel, Oxalis stricta. It is a somewhat delicate-appearing, low-growing, herbaceous plant in the family Oxalidaceae. It has a narrow, creeping stem that readily roots at the nodes. The trifoliate leaves are subdivided into three rounded leaflets and resemble a clover in shape. Some varieties have green leaves, while others, like Oxalis corniculata var. atropurpurea, have purple. The leaves have inconspicuous stipules at the base of each petiole.

LinkCreeping woodsorrel (Oxalis corniculata) on a lawn near Al Bidda Park. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2014

LIII. Papaveraceae    Poppy Family 

1. Fumaria parviflora Lam.

(Fumaria affinis, Fumaria caespitosa, Fumaria diffusa, Fumaria glauca, Fumaria leucantha, Fumaria minima, Fumaria officinalis, Fumaria sicula, Fumaria spicata, Fumaria tenuifolia, Fumaria tenuisecta)

Common names: fineleaf fumitory

My notes: Probably was introduced by seeds in garden soil.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Fumaria parviflora is a species of flowering plant known by the common names fineleaf fumitory, fine-leaved fumitory and Indian fumitory. It is native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, but it is common and widely distributed in many other parts of the world. It is sometimes weedy. The small flowers are dull white with purple tips. The fruit is a rounded nutlet with a central crest.

LinkFineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) near Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 13, 2016
LinkBlooming fineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) near Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 13, 2016
LinkFlowers of fineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) near Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 13, 2016
LinkFlowers and leaves of fineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) near Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 13, 2016
LinkClose up of flowers of fineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) near Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 13, 2016
LinkFlowers of fineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) on white background taken from Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 13, 2016
LinkFineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) on white background taken from Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 13, 2016
LinkFineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016
LinkFlowers of fineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016
LinkFineleaf fumitory (Fumaria parviflora or may be F. vaillantii) growing under a palm tree on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016

LIV. Phyllanthaceae 

1. Andrachne telephioides L.

(Andrachne asperula, Andrachne cretica, Andrachne nummulariifolia, Andrachne pojarkoviae, Andrachne rotundifolia, Andrachne virescens, Andrachne vvedenskyi, Eraclissa hexagyna, Telephioides procumbens)

Common names: Huweimda

LinkDesert plant Andrachne telephioides with flowers in area between Al Khor and Ras Laffan. Qatar, November 1, 2014
LinkDesert plant Andrachne telephioides with fruits on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkDesert plant Andrachne telephioides in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkSpreading shoots of Andrachne telephioides in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkDesert plant Andrachne telephioides in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkDesert plant Andrachne telephioides in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkAndrachne telephioides growing from crack in limestone on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016

2. Phyllanthus niruri L.

(Diasperus niruri, Niruris annua, Nymphanthus niruri)

Common names: chamberbitter, gripeweed, Iraq al nada, leafflower, shatterstone, stonebreaker

Extract from Wikipedia article: Phyllanthus niruri is a widespread tropical plant commonly found in coastal areas, best known by the common names stonebreaker or seed-under-leaf. It is a relative of the spurges, belonging to the Phyllanthus genus of Family Phyllanthaceae.

LinkChamberbitter plant (stonebreaker, Phyllanthus niruri) near Dunes Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkChamberbitter weeds (stonebreaker, Phyllanthus niruri) near Dunes Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkChamberbitter plant (stonebreaker, Phyllanthus niruri) with flowers found near Ezdan Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 29, 2014
LinkChamberbitter weeds (stonebreaker, Phyllanthus niruri) on sidewalk of Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkChamberbitter weed (stonebreaker, Phyllanthus niruri) in a small vegetable garden on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 21, 2015
LinkChamberbitter weeds (stonebreaker, Phyllanthus niruri) growing from a crevice on sidewalk of Meshrif Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016
LinkSeedlings of chamberbitter plant (stonebreaker, Phyllanthus niruri) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016
LinkChamberbitter weeds (stonebreaker, Phyllanthus niruri) on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2016

LV. Plantaginaceae    Plantain Family 

1. Antirrhinum majus L.

(Antirrhinum grandiflorum, Antirrhinum hispanorum, Antirrhinum latifolium, Antirrhinum murale, Antirrhinum vulgare)

Common names: snapdragon

Extract from Wikipedia article: Antirrhinum majus (common snapdragon; often - especially in horticulture - simply "snapdragon") is a species of flowering plant belonging to the genus Antirrhinum. It is native to the Mediterranean region, from Morocco and Portugal north to southern France, and east to Turkey and Syria. The common name "snapdragon", originates from the flowers' reaction to having their throats squeezed, which causes the "mouth" of the flower to snap open like a dragon's mouth.

LinkFlowers of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 16, 2016

2. Linaria albifrons (Sm.) Spreng.

(Antirrhinum albifrons, Linaria glauca, Linaria minutiflora, Linaria modesta)

Common names: snapdragon

My notes: In 2016, the place on roadside where it grows was bulldozed for road extension, only a small island of land remained.

LinkLinaria albifrons near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkBlooming Linaria albifrons near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkRare plant Linaria albifrons near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkLinaria albifrons with seed capsules near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkLinaria albifrons with flowers near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkPlants of Linaria albifrons near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkSeeds of Linaria albifrons taken from area near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkWide angle view of plants of Linaria albifrons on roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Linaria albifrons on roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Linaria albifrons with a flower on roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Linaria albifrons on dark background on roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Linaria albifrons on white background on roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Linaria albifrons on white background taken from a roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Linaria albifrons on dark background taken from a roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBlooming Linaria albifrons on white background taken from a roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBlooming Linaria albifrons on dark background taken from a roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBlooming Linaria albifrons against a picture of a desert taken from a roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Linaria albifrons with a picture of a desert as background taken from a roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkLinaria albifrons against a picture of a desert taken from a roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkPlant of Linaria albifrons extracted from a roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016

3. Misopates orontium orontium (L.) Rafin.

(Agrorrhinum orontium, Antirrhinum arvense, Antirrhinum breviflorum, Antirrhinum calycinum, Antirrhinum craniolare, Antirrhinum humile, Antirrhinum jamaicense, Antirrhinum orontium, Antirrhinum oruntium, Antirrhinum purpureum, Orontium arvense)

Common names: Corn Snapdragon, saysam, Weasel's Snout

Extract from Wikipedia article: Weasel's snout (Misopates orontium) is a herbaceous annual plant of the family Plantaginaceae. It is a native of disturbed ground in Europe. It is also naturalised as a weed in other parts of the world such as North America. The pink flowers resemble a miniature Snapdragon and are followed by a hairy green fruit which is said to resemble a weasel's snout.

LinkUnripe fruit capsules held by persistent finger-like sepals of Corn Snapdragon (Weasel's Snout, Misopates orontium, Antirrhinum orontium, local name saysam) growing in bushes of Ziziphus nummularia on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014

4. Plantago amplexicaulis amplexicaulis Cav.

(Plantago lagopoides, Plantago salina)

Common names: Ispaghula, lesan al hamal, Plantain, rablat al mistah

Extract from Wikipedia article: Plantago amplexicaulis is an annual plant of the family Plantaginaceae and the genus Plantago that grows in dry sand and deserts.

LinkPlantain with large grain-like fruits (Plantago amplexicaulis, local names rablat al mistah, lesan al hamal) in a roadside depression of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkLarge grain-like fruits of desert plantain Plantago amplexicaulis (local names rablat al mistah, lesan al hamal) in a roadside depression of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkPlantain Plantago amplexicaulis (local names rablat al mistah, lesan al hamal) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkPlantain with large grain like fruits (Plantago amplexicaulis, local names rablat al mistah, lesan al hamal) in Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkPlantain with large grain-like fruits (Plantago amplexicaulis, local names rablat al mistah, lesan al hamal) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkLarge grain-like fruits of Plantago amplexicaulis (local names rablat al mistah, lesan al hamal) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkPurple tinted leaves of Plantago amplexicaulis (local names rablat al mistah, lesan al hamal) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkPlantain (Plantago amplexicaulis, local names rablat al mistah, lesan al hamal) in Trainah gardens. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014

5. Plantago boissieri Hausskn. & Bornm.

Common names: greater plantain, rabl, waybread

LinkFruits of greater plantain (Plantago boissieri) or may be P. ovata in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkGreater plantain (Plantago boissieri or may be P. ovata) growing in a shallow depression in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkGreater plantain (Plantago boissieri) in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkRosette of leaves of greater plantain (Plantago boissieri) on a roadside of Rawdat Rashed Road in Umm Al Zubar West. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkGreater plantain (Plantago boissieri) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkGreater plantain (Plantago boissieri) on windblown sand on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkGreater plantain (Plantago boissieri) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkLower view of greater plantain (Plantago boissieri) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkGreater plantain (Plantago boissieri) on a gravel plain in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016

6. Plantago ciliata ciliata Desf.

(Plantago bellidifolia, Plantago eriantha, Plantago penicillata)

Common names: lesan al hamal, plantain, quraiTah, rabla, wedaina

LinkDesert species of plantain (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkDesert species of plantain with wooly cover (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkPlantain with wooly cover (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFlowers of desert species of plantain with wooly cover (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkDesert species of plantain (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkPlantain (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkDesert species of plantain (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkPlantain (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) near a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkDry flower spikes of plantain with wooly cover (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkDry plantain (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkPlantain (Plantago ciliata, local name Rablah) with fruits on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

7. Plantago coronopus

Common names: buck's horn plantain, Lesan al hamal, rabl, wedaina

Extract from Wikipedia article: Plantago coronopus (minutina, erba stella, buck's horn plantain) is a species of Plantago. It is an annual or perennial herb producing a basal rosette of narrowly lance-shaped leaves up to 25 centimeters long that are toothed or deeply divided. The inflorescences grow erect to about 4 to 7 cm in height. They have dense spikes of flowers which sometimes curve. Each flower has four whitish lobes each measuring about a millimeter long. Plantago coronopus mainly grows on sandy or gravelly soils close to the sea.

LinkBuck's horn plantain (Plantago coronopus) on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkBuck's horn plantain (Plantago coronopus), view from above, on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkBuck's horn plantain (Plantago coronopus) growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkDry plant of Buck's horn plantain (Plantago coronopus)(?) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkBlooming Buck's horn plantain (Plantago coronopus) in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016

8. Plantago lanceolata L.

(Arnoglossum lanceolatum, Lagopus lanceolatus, Lagopus timbali, Plantago abyssinica, Plantago altissima, Plantago ambigua, Plantago argentea, Plantago attenuata, Plantago azorica, Plantago byzantina, Plantago capensis, Plantago capitata, Plantago contorta, Plantago dalmatica, Plantago decumbens, Plantago dubia, Plantago elata, Plantago eriophora, Plantago flexuosa, Plantago gerardi, Plantago glabriflora, Plantago glareosa, Plantago hirsuta, Plantago hungarica, Plantago intermedia, Plantago irrigua, Plantago kurdica, Plantago lanata, Plantago lanceiifolia, Plantago lanuginosa, Plantago linkii, Plantago longiscapa, Plantago longistipes, Plantago mediterranea, Plantago microcephala, Plantago minor, Plantago nigricans, Plantago nutans, Plantago preslii, Plantago pseudo-patagonica, Plantago schottii, Plantago sylvatica, Plantago timbali, Plantago tomentosa, Plantago trinervis, Plantago variabilis)

Common names: Lesan al hamal, rabl, Ribwort Plantain

Extract from Wikipedia article: Plantago lanceolata is a species of genus Plantago known by the common names English plantain, narrowleaf plantain, ribwort plantain, ribleaf, buckhorn plantain, buckhorn, and lamb's tongue. It is a common weed of cultivated land.

LinkRibwort Plantain (Plantago lanceolata) in sand on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkFlower spike of Ribwort Plantain (Plantago lanceolata) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkBlooming Ribwort Plantain (Plantago lanceolata) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014

9. Plantago ovata Forsskal

(Plantago albicans, Plantago argentea, Plantago declinata, Plantago decumbens, Plantago ispaghula, Plantago lanata, Plantago microcephala, Plantago monspeliensis, Plantago trichophylla, Plantago villosa)

Common names: Desert Indianwheat, Lesan al hamal, rubla

Extract from Wikipedia article: Plantago ovata (Desert Indianwheat, Blond Psyllium; syn. Plantago brunnea Morris, Plantago fastigiata Morris, Plantago gooddingii A. Nels. & Kennedy, Plantago insularis Eastw., Plantago insularis Eastw. var. fastigiata (Morris) Jepson, Plantago insularis Eastw. var. scariosa (Morris) Jepson, Plantago minima A. Cunningham) is a medicinal plant native to Western Asia and Southern Asia. According to Calflora plantago ovate is native to California.

LinkDesert Indianwheat (Plantago ovata or may be boissieri) in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkSmall plant of plantain (Plantago ovata(?)) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkFlowers of desert indianwheat (Plantago ovata) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkDesert indianwheat (Plantago ovata) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkPlant of desert indianwheat (Plantago ovata) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkWoolly plantain (Plantago ovata) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkWoolly plantain (Plantago ovata) in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkBlooming woolly plantain (Plantago ovata) in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkWoolly plantain (Plantago ovata) with flowers in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkMasses of woolly plantain (Plantago ovata) with flowers in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkField of woolly plantain (Plantago ovata) with flowers in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkDesert indianwheat (Plantago ovata) on rocky soil in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkDesert indianwheat (Plantago ovata) in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkDesert indianwheat (Plantago ovata) with seeds in a silty depression near a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

10. Russelia equisetiformis Schltdl. & Cham.

(Russelia juncea)

Common names: coralblow, coral plant, firecracker plant

Extract from Wikipedia article: Russelia equisetiformis, commonly known as Firecracker plant, Coral plant, Coral fountain, Coralblow and Fountain plant, is a weeping subshrub in the Plantaginaceae family.

LinkFirecracker plant (Russelia equisetiformis) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkWeeping bush of firecracker plant (Russelia equisetiformis) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkDecumbent red flowers of firecracker plant (Russelia equisetiformis) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkFirecracker plant (Russelia equisetiformis) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkFirecracker plant (Russelia equisetiformis) with yellow flowers of Launaea nudicaulis in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015

LVI. Plumbaginaceae    Leadwort Family 

1. Limonium axillare (Forssk.) Kuntze

(Eurychiton adensis, Statice axillaris)

Common names: qataf, Sea Lavender, shelail

LinkFlowers of Sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 19, 2010
LinkBlooming Sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 1, 2010
LinkSea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 1, 2010
LinkBlooming Sea Lavender (Limonium axillare, local name Qetaif) in sands of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkFlowers of Sea Lavender (Limonium axillare, local name Qetaif) in sands of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkSea Lavender (Limonium axillare, Statice axillaris, local names qataf, shelail) growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkDry flower bracts of Sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkBlooming Sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkSea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkLarge plant of Sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkBushes of Sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkBlooming Sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkSea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) with flowers on a beach of Umm Tays Island in Madinat Al Shamal area. Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkSeedling of sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkSea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkSea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) with ants burrow on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkSea Lavender (Limonium axillare, local name Qetaif) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkBlooming Sea Lavender (Limonium axillare, local name Qetaif) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkSea Lavender (Limonium axillare, local name Qetaif) in a depression in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkFlowers of Sea Lavender (Limonium axillare, local name Qetaif) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkPurple flowers of Sea Lavender (Limonium axillare, local name Qetaif) taken from area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkSea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) near Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkBlooming sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
Link"Bonsai" form of sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) overrun by a car near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkFlowers of sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkSea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) in bloom near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkPlant of sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkPlant of sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) growing on limestone near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkWhite flower bracts of sea lavender (Qetaif, Limonium axillare) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, April 2, 2016
LinkSea lavender (Limonium axillare, local name Qetaif) in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, April 16, 2016
LinkSea lavender (Limonium axillare) on a cemetery in old fishing village (ghost town) of Al Ghariyah on north-eastern coast, Ash Shamal area. Qatar, June 17, 2016

LVII. Polygalaceae    Milkwort Family 

1. Polygala erioptera erioptera DC.

(Polygala arabica, Polygala leptorhiza, Polygala linearis, Polygala multibracteata, Polygala noucherensis, Polygala nubica, Polygala obtusata, Polygala oligantha, Polygala paniculata, Polygala paulayana, Polygala retusa, Polygala schimperi, Polygala serpyllifolia, Polygala tomentosa, Polygala triflora)

Common names: Woolly-winged Milkwort

LinkWoolly-winged milkwort (Polygala erioptera) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkWoolly-winged milkwort (Polygala erioptera) with flowers in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFruits of woolly-winged milkwort (Polygala erioptera) in a roadside depression in Rawdat Rashed. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkWoolly-winged milkwort (Polygala erioptera) in a roadside depression in Rawdat Rashed. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkPlant of woolly-winged milkwort (Polygala erioptera) in a roadside depression in Rawdat Rashed. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkPlant of woolly-winged milkwort (Polygala erioptera) with fruits taken from a roadside depression in Rawdat Rashed. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkWoolly-winged milkwort (Polygala erioptera) with flowers in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, June 21, 2016
LinkWoolly-winged milkwort (Polygala erioptera) on a lawn in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, June 21, 2016

LVIII. Polygonaceae    Buckwheat Family 

1. Emex spinosa (L.) Campd.

(Centopodium spinosum, Rumex glaber, Rumex spinosus, Vibo spinosa)

Common names: DHers al ajooz, hambaz, hanzab, Prickly Dock

Extract from Wikipedia article: Emex spinosa, commonly known as "devil's thorn" is an annual herbaceous plant of the Polygonaceae. It originates in the warmer parts of the old world, but now has spread with man to other places. It is common in disturbed areas, aspecially in sandy soils. It has shown some weedy behaviour in restricted areas within southern Australia.

LinkPrickly Dock (Emex spinosa, Rumex spinosus, local names drs al ajooz, hanzab) on a roadside in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkPrickly Dock (Emex spinosa, Rumex spinosus, local names drs al ajooz, hanzab) in sand on a roadside in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkPrickly Dock (Emex spinosa, Rumex spinosus, local names drs al ajooz, hanzab) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkPrickly Dock (Emex spinosa, Rumex spinosus, local names drs al ajooz, hanzab) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkFlowers of Prickly Dock (Emex spinosa) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkFemale flowers of Prickly Dock (Emex spinosa) with three thorns on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkSeedlings of prickly dock (Emex spinosa) in roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkSeedlings of Prickly Dock (Emex spinosa) on a roadside near Zubara. North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkSeedling of prickly Dock (Emex spinosa) extracted from sand on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSeedlings of prickly Dock (Emex spinosa) in sand on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSmall plant of prickly dock (Emex spinosa, Rumex spinosus, local names drs al ajooz, hanzab) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

2. Polygonum argyrocoleon Steud. ex Kunze

(Polygonum deciduum)

Common names: ghardab, Persian knotweed, silver-sheath knotweed

Extract from Wikipedia article: Polygonum argyrocoleon, common names silver-sheath knotweed and Persian knotweed, is an Asian species of plants in the buckwheat family. It is native to Siberia, western China, Central Asia, and the Middle East. It has also become naturalized in parts of the United States, primarily the Southwest, and northwestern Mexico.

LinkBlooming silver-sheath knotweed (Polygonum argyrocoleon) in a roadside depression of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlowers on terminal spikes of silver-sheath knotweed (Polygonum argyrocoleon) on a roadside of Salwa Road. Qatar, February 14, 2014

3. Polygonum equisetiforme Sm.

(Dioctis equisetifolia, Polygonum aviculare, Polygonum controversum, Polygonum crenatum, Polygonum decumbens, Polygonum ehrenbergii, Polygonum marioticum, Polygonum scoparium, Polygonum suffruticosum, Polygonum tumidum)

Common names: horsetail knotweed, qadab

LinkHorsetail knotweed (Polygonum equisetiforme, local name qadab) in a depression near Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014

4. Rumex crispus

Common names: curly dock

Extract from Wikipedia article: Rumex crispus (curly dock, curled dock or yellow dock) is a perennial flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae, native to Europe and Western Asia.

LinkCurly dock (Rumex crispus) in a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of curly dock (Rumex crispus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkFruits of curly dock (Rumex crispus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkClose up of fruits of curly dock (Rumex crispus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkGreen seeds of curly dock (Rumex crispus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkCurly dock (Rumex crispus) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkCurly dock (Rumex crispus) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015

5. Rumex dentatus dentatus L.

(Rumex callosissimus, Rumex ehrenbergii, Rumex halacsyi, Rumex klotzschianus, Rumex menzalensis, Rumex multiflorus, Rumex nipponicus, Rumex obtusifolius, Rumex pectinatus, Rumex quadridentatus, Rumex strictus, Rumex undulatus)

Common names: Aegean Dock, hommad, Khillah

Extract from Wikipedia article: Rumex dentatus is a species of flowering plant in the knotweed family known by the common name toothed dock. It is native to parts of Eurasia and North Africa, and it is widely known elsewhere as an introduced species and a common roadside weed. It grows in disturbed habitat, often in moist areas, such as lakeshores and the edges of cultivated fields. It is an annual or biennial herb producing a slender, erect stem up to 70 or 80 centimeters in maximum height. The leaves are lance-shaped to oval with slightly wavy edges, growing to a maximum length around 12 centimeters. The inflorescence is an interrupted series of clusters of flowers, with 10 to 20 flowers per cluster and each flower hanging on a pedicel. Each flower has usually six tepals, the 3 inner of which are edged with spinelike teeth and have tubercles at their centers.

LinkAegean dock (Rumex dentatus, local names Khillah, hommad) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkClose up of Aegean dock (Rumex dentatus, local names Khillah, hommad) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkSmall plant of Aegean dock (Rumex dentatus, local names Khillah, hommad) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkClose up of Aegean dock (Rumex dentatus, local names Khillah, hommad) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkStand of Aegean dock (Rumex dentatus) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkAegean dock (Rumex dentatus) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016

6. Rumex vesicarius L.

(Acetosa vesicaria, Lapathum vesicarium, Rumex roseus)

Common names: Bladderdock, homeid, hummayDH

LinkBladder dock (Rumex vesicarius, local name Hummeid) in a desert. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkBladder dock (Rumex vesicarius, local name Hummeid or Hanzab, Hambaz) in desert of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkSeeds of Bladder dock (Rumex vesicarius, local name Hummeid) in desert of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 2, 2012
LinkBladderdock (Rumex vesicarius, local name homeid) on a roadside of Salwa Road. Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkBladderdock (Rumex vesicarius, local name homeid) on roadside in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkBladderdock (Rumex vesicarius, local name homeid) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBladder dock (Rumex vesicarius, local name Hummeid) in silty depression near Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkBladderdock (Rumex vesicarius, local name homeid) near Zubara exit of Al Shamal Road. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of bladderdock (Rumex vesicarius, local name homeid) near Zubara exit of Al Shamal Road. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkBlooming bladder dock (Rumex vesicarius, local name Hummeid) grown on side of Al Luqta Street, near to Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkBladder dock (Rumex vesicarius) found on roadside near IKEA supermarket. Doha, Qatar, January 24, 2015
LinkStriped Hawkmoth caterpillar (Hyles livornica) eating bladder dock (Rumex vesicarius) found on roadside near IKEA supermarket. Doha, Qatar, January 24, 2015
LinkBladder dock (Rumex vesicarius) found on roadside of Dukhan Road. Qatar, February 13, 2015
LinkBladder dock (Rumex vesicarius) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkBlooming Bladder dock (Rumex vesicarius, local name Hummeid) on a roadside east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkBladder dock (Rumex vesicarius, local name Hummeid) on roadside of Salwa Road. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBladder dock (Rumex vesicarius, local name Hummeid) on roadside of Salwa Highway. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016

LIX. Portulacaceae    Portulaca Family 

1. Portulaca grandiflora Hook.

(Portulaca hilaireana, Portulaca immersostellulata, Portulaca mendocinensis, Portulaca multistaminata, Portulaca pilosa)

Common names: purslane, rose moss

Extract from Wikipedia article: Portulaca grandiflora is a flowering plant in the family Portulacaceae, native to Argentina, southern Brazil, and Uruguay and often cultivated in gardens. It has many common names, including moss-rose purslane, eleven o'clock, Mexican rose, moss rose, sun rose, and rock rose.

LinkRed flowers of purslane (rose moss, Portulaca grandiflora Tequila Cherry ) planted on Corniche promenade. Doha, Qatar, June 18, 2015
LinkFlower buds of purslane (rose moss, Portulaca grandiflora Tequila White ) planted on Corniche promenade. Doha, Qatar, June 18, 2015
LinkHoney bees on flowers of purslane (rose moss, Portulaca grandiflora Tequila White ) planted on Corniche promenade. Doha, Qatar, June 18, 2015
LinkRed flower of purslane (rose moss, Portulaca grandiflora) planted in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015

2. Portulaca oleracea L.

Common names: bagla, barbeer, Common Purslane, rijla, wild portulaca

Extract from Wikipedia article: Portulaca oleracea (common purslane, also known as verdolaga, pigweed, little hogweed, or pursley, and moss rose) is an annual succulent in the family Portulacaceae, which may reach 40 cm in height.

LinkCommon Purslane (wild portulaca, Portulaca oleracea, local names barbeer, rijla, bagla) on Al Markhiya Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2014
LinkCommon purslane (wild portulaca, Portulaca oleracea, local names barbeer, rijla, bagla) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkCommon purslane (wild portulaca, Portulaca oleracea, local names barbeer, rijla, bagla) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkKitten sleeping among plants of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) on Al Jassasiya Street, Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, June 19, 2015
LinkCommon purslane (wild portulaca, Portulaca oleracea, local names barbeer, rijla, bagla) with seeds on waste ground on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016

3. Portulaca quadrifida L.

(Meridiana elliptica, Meridiana quadrifida, Portulaca anceps, Portulaca chariensis, Portulaca diptera, Portulaca elatinoides, Portulaca formosana, Portulaca geniculata, Portulaca imbricata, Portulaca linifolia, Portulaca microphylla, Portulaca parensis, Portulaca pseudoquadrifida, Portulaca rediviva, Portulaca repens, Portulaca rubens, Portulaca squarrosa, Portulaca walteriana)

Common names: barbeer, Chickenweed, purslane

LinkChickenweed (Portulaca quadrifida) under a palm tree on Corniche in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 22, 2014
LinkChickenweed (Portulaca quadrifida) under a palm tree on Corniche in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2014
LinkChickenweed (Portulaca quadrifida) taken from Corniche in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 10, 2014
LinkBlooming chickenweed (Portulaca quadrifida) under a palm tree on Corniche, near Fish Market. Doha, Qatar, October 31, 2014

LX. Primulaceae    Primrose Family 

1. Anagallis arvensis caerulea Hartman

(Anagallis caerulea, Lysimachia foemina)

Common names: ain al qit, Scarlet Pimpernel, uwaynah

Extract from Wikipedia article: Scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis; also known as red pimpernel, red chickweed, poorman's barometer, poor man's weather-glass, shepherd's weather glass or shepherd's clock) is a low-growing annual plant. The native range of the species is Europe and Western and North Africa. The species has been distributed widely by humans, either deliberately as an ornamental flower or accidentally. A. arvensis is now naturalised almost worldwide, with a range that encompasses the Americas, Central and East Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Malesia, the Pacific Islands, Australasia and Southern Africa.

LinkUnripe globular fruit capsules with persistent calyces of scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea, local name ain al qit) on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBlue flowers of scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea, local name ain al qit) in a depression near a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkBlooming scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea, local name ain al qit) in a depression near a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkClose up of scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea, local name ain al qit) in a depression near a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkFlowers of scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea, local name ain al qit) in a depression near a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkScarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea, local name ain al qit) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 20, 2015
LinkFlower of scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea) in shade of ziziphus bushes in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkBlooming scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea) in a small runnel in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkBlue flowers of scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea) in a small runnel in area of Ras Laffan Farms, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkScarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis var. caerulea) growing in shade of Ziziphus bushes in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

LXI. Resedaceae    Mignonette Family 

1. Ochradenus aucheri aucheri Boiss.

(Homalodiscus aucheri, Homalodiscus major, Ochradenus dewittii)

LinkBlooming bush of Ochradenus aucheri near Abu Nahlah Road, south from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkOchradenus aucheri with flowers near Abu Nahlah Road, south from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkSeeds of Ochradenus aucheri near Abu Nahlah Road, south from Doha. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkSeed capsules of Ochradenus aucheri near Abu Nahlah Road, south from Doha. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkBush of Ochradenus aucheri on a roadside near Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkBush of Ochradenus aucheri with seeds and some flowers on a roadside near Abu Nahlah. Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkBush of Ochradenus aucheri on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkBlooming bush of Ochradenus aucheri on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkOchradenus aucheri with flowers and fruits on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkFruits of Ochradenus aucheri taken from periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkBush of Ochradenus aucheri in a runnel near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkBlooming bush of Ochradenus aucheri on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkBlooming bush of Ochradenus aucheri on stony ground on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016

2. Ochradenus baccatus Del.

(Ochradenus rostratus)

Common names: Pearl plant, qardi, Qurdi, Taily Weed

LinkWhite berries on a desert bush Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) in Ras Abrouq peninsula in west central coastal area, north from Zekreet. Qatar, February 13, 2010
LinkYellow flowers of Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBush of Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBush of Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) with flowers north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers on a bush of Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkLarge bush Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) near acacia tree north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkOchradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) with white berries near acacia tree north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkOchradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) with fruits near acacia tree north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkWhite berries of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) near acacia tree north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFruits of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) near acacia tree north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkPearlescent fruits of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) near acacia tree north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFly on yellow flowers of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlies sitting on yellow flowers of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkGreen fly sitting on yellow flowers of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkGreen blister(?) beetle on yellow flowers of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkBlooming bush of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkCompact blooming bush of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) near Al Luqta Street, opposite to Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkBushes of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) near Al Luqta Street, opposite to Education City. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkBush of Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms in northern Qatar, May 2, 2014
LinkFruits of Ochradenus baccatus taken from area near Barzan Towers. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkBush of Ochradenus baccatus on Al Rayhan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2015
LinkBlooming bush of Ochradenus baccatus (Pearl Plant, Taily Weed, local name Gurdhi or qurDi) near Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkBlooming bush of Pearl Plant Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) with white berries on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkLarge bush of Pearl Plant Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkBlooming Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkOchradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkBush of Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) in a wadi in Dukhan. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkBush of Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkFly on flowers of Ochradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkOchradenus baccatus (local names qardi, Qurdi) in a wadi north from Dukhan in western Qatar, April 9, 2016

3. Oligomeris linifolia (Vahl ex Hornem.) Macbr.

(Dipetalia linifolia, Dipetalia subulata, Ellimia ruderalis, Oligomeris dipetala, Oligomeris dispersa, Oligomeris dregeana, Oligomeris ellimia, Oligomeris glaucescens, Oligomeris resedella, Oligomeris ruderalis, Oligomeris subulata, Reseda capensis, Reseda linifolia, Reseda oligandra, Reseda schimperi, Reseda subulata, Reseda tridens, Resedella subulata)

Common names: lineleaf whitepuff, shawlah

Extract from Wikipedia article: Oligomeris linifolia is a species of flowering plant in the small family Resedaceae known by the common name lineleaf whitepuff. It is native to parts of the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent, as well as southern Europe and North Africa, and the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. It grows in many types of habitat, including disturbed areas and saline soils, in deserts, plains, coastline, and other places. It is a fleshy annual plant, producing several erect, ribbed stems 35 to 45 centimeters in maximum height.

LinkSlim terminal spikes of lineleaf whitepuff (Oligomeris linifolia) taken from area near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 14, 2015
LinkSlim terminal spikes of lineleaf whitepuff (Oligomeris linifolia) taken from area near Barzan Towers. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkFlowers and fruits of lineleaf whitepuff (Oligomeris linifolia) taken from area near Barzan Towers. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkTerminal spikes of lineleaf whitepuff (Oligomeris linifolia) taken from area near Barzan Towers. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2015

4. Reseda muricata muricata C. Presl

(Reseda pruinosa)

Common names: mignonette, shawlah

LinkSpherical seed pods of Reseda muricata with ants in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkGlobular seed pods of Reseda muricata with ants in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkBlooming desert plant Reseda muricata (local name showla) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkReseda muricata (local name showla) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkSmall plant of Reseda muricata (local name showla) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFlowers on a small plant of Reseda muricata (local name showla) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkReseda muricata near a beach in Marouna. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkReseda muricata near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkReseda muricata (local name showla) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 13, 2015
LinkReseda muricata (local name showla) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkFlower spikes of Reseda muricata taken from area near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkFlower spike of Reseda muricata (local name showla) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkInflorescence of Reseda muricata (local name showla) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkFlower spike of Reseda muricata (local name showla) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkFlowers of Reseda muricata (local name showla) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkGreen fruits of Reseda muricata (local name showla) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016

LXII. Rhamnaceae    Buckthorn Family 

1. Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.

(Paliurus mairei, Rhamnus jujuba, Ziziphus jujuba, Ziziphus mairei, Ziziphus muratiana, Ziziphus orthacantha, Ziziphus rotunda)

Common names: Chinee Apple, Indian plum, Jujube, Masau, sidr

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ziziphus mauritiana, also known as Ber, Chinee Apple, Jujube, Indian plum and Masau is a tropical fruit tree species belonging to the family Rhamnaceae.

LinkFruits of Jujube (Indian plum, Ziziphus mauritiana) in Omani Market. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2013
LinkFruit of jujube (Indian plum, Ziziphus mauritiana) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkJujube tree (Indian plum, Ziziphus mauritiana) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, January 16, 2016

2. Ziziphus nummularia (Burm. f.) Wight & Walk.-Arn.

(Rhamnus microphylla, Ziziphus lotus, Ziziphus microphylla, Ziziphus rotundifolia)

Common names: Jujube, kanar, kenar, nabg, Rhamnus nummularia, sidr

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ziziphus nummularia, also called Jharber (Hindi: झड बेर), is a species of Ziziphus native to the Thar Desert of western India and southeastern Pakistan and south Iran (where it is called رمیلک ramilak in Persian).

LinkYoung shoots of Ziziphus nummularia (Sidra) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkZiziphus nummularia in a wadi on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkFruits of sidra tree (Ziziphus nummularia) in Rawdat Mahyoub on roadside of a road to Al Jumayliyah in north-western Qatar, December 6, 2014
LinkFruits of sidra tree (Ziziphus nummularia) taken from Rawdat Mahyoub on a road to Al Jumayliyah in north-western Qatar, December 6, 2014
LinkLarge bush of Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkA tree of Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkSilty depression, with bushes of Ziziphus nummularia, near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkLarge vine of desert gourd (Citrullus colocynthis) growing over a bush of Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkZiziphus nummularia bushes in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 24, 2015
LinkFruits of Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 24, 2015
LinkSeedling of a desert bush Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkBushes of Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, September 12, 2015
LinkLarge bush of Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, September 12, 2015
LinkBrown caterpillar eating fresh leaves of sidra tree (Ziziphus nummularia) in on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkBrown furry caterpillar eating flowers of sidra tree (Ziziphus nummularia) in on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkFresh leaves on Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkYoung bush of Ziziphus nummularia in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkSidra tree (Ziziphus nummularia) with fruits on roadside of Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkThousands of brown furry caterpillars eating leaves of Ziziphus nummularia in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkDry bushes of Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression Thaghab Al Majda near a road to Zubara. Qatar, December 5, 2015
LinkA tree of Ziziphus nummularia in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, December 26, 2015

3. Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf.

(Girtanneria spina-christi, Rhamnus divaricata, Rhamnus nabeca, Rhamnus recta, Rhamnus spina-christi, Ziziphus africana, Ziziphus heterogenea, Ziziphus iroensis, Ziziphus napeca, Ziziphus sonorensis, Ziziphus sphaerocarpa, Ziziphus spinosa)

Common names: areen, Christ's Thorn Jujube, Sidra tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ziziphus spina-christi, the Christ's Thorn Jujube, is an evergreen tree native to northern and tropical Africa and southern and Western Asia. It grows in Israel in valleys up to an elevation of 500m.

LinkFrightened calico cat sitting on sidra tree (Ziziphus spina-christi) near Central Fish Market, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2013
LinkLarge sidra tree (Ziziphus spina-christi) on Al Khattabi Street, Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, June 1, 2013
LinkSidra tree (Ziziphus spina-christi) with apple like fruits at Sikkat Al Hanan, Najma area. Doha, Qatar, June 7, 2013
LinkFruits of Christ's Thorn Jujube (Sidra tree, Ziziphus spina-christi) collected near Dareen Tower in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 1, 2014
LinkFlowers of Christ's Thorn Jujube (Sidra tree, Ziziphus spina-christi) collected near Dareen Tower in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 1, 2014
LinkClose up of a flower of Christ's Thorn Jujube (Sidra tree, Ziziphus spina-christi) collected near Dareen Tower in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 1, 2014
LinkSword Roundabout with sidra trees (Ziziphus spina-christi) from Al Nada Street in Al Doha Al Jadeeda area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014
LinkFallen fruits (Kanar) of Christ's Thorn Jujube (sidra tree, Ziziphus spina-christi) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkFruits (Kanar) of Christ's Thorn Jujube (sidra tree, Ziziphus spina-christi) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkFlowers of Christ's Thorn Jujube (Sidra tree, Ziziphus spina-christi) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 17, 2014
LinkTwig with flowers of Christ's Thorn Jujube (Sidra tree, Ziziphus spina-christi) taken from Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 17, 2014
LinkShoot of Christ's Thorn Jujube (Sidra tree, Ziziphus spina-christi) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 5, 2014
LinkThorn Jujube (Sidra tree, Ziziphus spina-christi) near Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkSidra tree (Ziziphus spina-christi) with fruits on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016

LXIII. Rubiaceae    Madder Family 

1. Galium tricornutum Dandy

(Galium borbonicum, Galium kurramensis, Galium spurium, Galium tehranicum, Galium tricorne, Valantia spuria, Valantia triflora)

Common names: corn cleavers, rough corn bedstraw

Extract from Wikipedia article: Galium tricornutum is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common names rough corn bedstraw, roughfruit corn bedstraw, and corn cleavers. It is widespread across most of Europe plus northern Africa and southern Asia, from Norway, Portugal and Morocco to China. It is also naturalized in Australia, the Canary Islands, Mauritius, Madeira, Réunion, Brazil, Argentina, and scattered locales in North America (mostly California and Oregon).

LinkCorn cleavers (Galium tricornutum, Galium tricorne) growing near Ziziphus nummularia bushes on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkCorn cleavers (Galium tricornutum) taken collected under bushes of Ziziphus on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkPlants of corn cleavers (Galium tricornutum) under bushes of Ziziphus on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBlooming corn cleavers (Galium tricornutum) growing under protection of Ziziphus bushes in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkCorn cleavers (Galium tricornutum) under bushes of Ziziphus in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

2. Ixora coccinea L.

(Pavetta coccinea)

Common names: flame of the woods, jungle flame, jungle geranium

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ixora coccinea (or jungle geranium, flame of the woods, and jungle flame) is a species of flowering plant in the Rubiaceae family. It is a common flowering shrub native to Southern India and Sri Lanka. It has become one of the most popular flowering shrubs in South Florida gardens and landscapes. Its name derives from an Indian deity.

LinkJungle geranium (Ixora coccinea) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkFlowers of jungle geranium (Ixora coccinea) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkJungle geranium (Ixora coccinea) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2015
LinkJungle geranium (Ixora coccinea) planted in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016
LinkJungle geranium (Ixora coccinea) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Al Istiqlal. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2016

3. Oldenlandia corymbosa L.

(Gerontogea biflora, Gerontogea corymbosa, Gerontogea herbacea, Hedyotis biflora, Hedyotis corymbosa)

Common names: Corymbose Hedyotis, Flat-Top Mille Graines, rumput mutiara, snake tongue grass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Oldenlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is pantropical in distribution and has about 240 species. The type species for the genus is Oldenlandia corymbosa.

LinkSnake tongue grass (Corymbose Hedyotis, Oldenlandia corymbosa) with flowers and fruit capsules in shady area near back entrance of Weill Cornell Medical College on campus of Education City. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkSnake tongue grass (Corymbose Hedyotis, Oldenlandia corymbosa) on Al Sanaa Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkSnake tongue grass (Corymbose Hedyotis, Oldenlandia corymbosa) with seed capsules on Al Sanaa Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkSnake tongue grass (Corymbose Hedyotis, Oldenlandia corymbosa) growing among rocks and trash on Al Sanaa Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkSnake tongue grass (Corymbose Hedyotis, Oldenlandia corymbosa) taken from Al Sanaa Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkSeed capsules of snake tongue grass (Corymbose Hedyotis, Oldenlandia corymbosa) taken from Al Sanaa Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkSnake tongue grass (Corymbose Hedyotis, Oldenlandia corymbosa) on white background taken from Al Sanaa Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkSnake tongue grass (Corymbose Hedyotis, Oldenlandia corymbosa) on dark background taken from Al Sanaa Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkSnake tongue grass (Corymbose Hedyotis, Oldenlandia corymbosa) growing on roadside of Al Sanaa Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 8, 2015

LXIV. Rutaceae    Rue or Citrus Family 

1. Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle

(Citrus aurantium, Citrus depressa, Citrus hystrix, Citrus medica, Citrus × acida, Citrus × aurantiifolia, Citrus × davaoensis, Citrus × excelsa, Citrus × javanica, Citrus × lima, Citrus × limettioides, Citrus × limonellus, Citrus × macrophylla, Citrus × montana, Citrus × nipis, Citrus × notissima, Citrus × papaya, Citrus × pseudolimonum, Citrus × spinosissima, Citrus × voangasay, Citrus × webberi, Limonia × aurantiifolia)

Common names: key lime, lime tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: The Key lime (Citrus aurantiifolia) is a citrus species with a globose fruit, 2.5–5 cm in diameter (1–2 in), that is yellow when ripe but usually picked green commercially. It is smaller and seedier, with a higher acidity, a stronger aroma, and a thinner rind, than that of the Persian lime (Citrus × latifolia). It is valued for its unique flavor compared to other limes, with the Key lime usually having a more tart and bitter flavor. The name comes from its association with the Florida Keys, where it is best known as the flavoring ingredient in Key lime pie. It is also known as West Indian lime, bartender’s lime, Omani lime, or Mexican lime, the last classified as a distinct race with a thicker skin and darker green color. Philippine varieties have various names, including dayap and bilolo.

LinkLime tree (Citrus aurantiifolia?) on Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 14, 2014
LinkGreen limes on a citrus tree (Citrus aurantiifolia?) in area of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 5, 2014

2. Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forssk.) Ad. Juss.

(Haplophyllum arabicum, Haplophyllum candolleanum, Haplophyllum chesneyanum, Haplophyllum eremophilum, Haplophyllum filifolium, Haplophyllum glabrum, Haplophyllum haussknechtii, Haplophyllum kotschyi, Haplophyllum longifolium, Haplophyllum obovatum, Haplophyllum propinquum, Haplophyllum stocksianum, Haplophyllum trichostylum, Haplophyllum vermiculare, Haplophyllum villosulum, Ruta ciliata, Ruta dichotoma, Ruta glabra, Ruta kotschyi, Ruta montbretii, Ruta obovata, Ruta propinqua, Ruta telephiifolia, Ruta tuberculata)

Common names: kheisa, musaykah, Sazab, sinan at-tais, tafar al-tais, zeita

LinkSmall yellow flower of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) in desert. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkSide lit desert yellow flowers of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 31, 2012
LinkYellow flowers of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 31, 2012
LinkHaplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkHaplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkYellow flowers of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkDesert plant Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) with flowers in area between Al Khor and Ras Laffan. Qatar, November 1, 2014
LinkYoung shoots of a desert plant Haplophyllum tuberculatum in area between Al Khor and Ras Laffan. Qatar, November 1, 2014
LinkYoung leaves of Haplophyllum tuberculatum on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkShoot of Haplophyllum tuberculatum on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkYellow flower of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkYellow flowers (with white background) of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkHaplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) in a desert on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkShoot of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) in a desert on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkPlant of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkHaplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkHaplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkBlooming Haplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) in a depression on a periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkHaplophyllum tuberculatum (local name Meseika) in a green depression in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

3. Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng.

Common names: curry tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: The curry tree, Murraya koenigii or Bergera koenigii, is a tropical and sub-tropical tree in the family Rutaceae (the rue family, which includes rue, citrus, and satinwood), native to Asia. The plant is also sometimes called sweet neem, though M. koenigii is in a different family to neem, Azadirachta indica, which is in the related family Meliaceae.

LinkWhite flowers of curry tree (Murraya koenigii) near Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2016

4. Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack

(Camunium exoticum, Chalcas cammuneng, Chalcas exotica, Chalcas intermedia, Chalcas japanensis, Chalcas paniculata, Chalcas sumatrana, Connarus foetens, Connarus santaloides, Murraya exotica, Murraya omphalocarpa)

Common names: Chinese box, Lakeview jasmine, mock lime, mock orange, orange jessamine, satinwood

Extract from Wikipedia article: Murraya paniculata is a tropical, evergreen plant native to southern China, Taiwan, the Indian sub-continent (i.e. Bangladesh, India, Nepal, north-eastern Pakistan and Sri Lanka), south-eastern Asia (i.e. Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines) and northern Australia (i.e. the northern parts of the Northern Territory, far northern Queensland and northern Western Australia), bearing small, white, scented flowers, which is grown as an ornamental tree or hedge. Murraya is closely related to Citrus, and bears small orange to red fruit resembling kumquats, though some cultivars do not set fruit.

LinkOrange jessamine (Murraya paniculata) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016

5. Zanthoxylum beecheyanum K. Koch

(Fagara alata, Fagara piperita, Zanthoxylum arnottianum, Zanthoxylum piperitum)

Common names: Chinese pepper tree

LinkLush green shoot of Chinese pepper tree (Zanthoxylum beecheyanum) planted in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 25, 2016
LinkLeaf of a shrub (Zanthoxylum beecheyanum) planted in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 25, 2016
LinkGlossy leaves of Chinese pepper tree (Zanthoxylum beecheyanum) planted in gardens of Sheraton Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 25, 2016

LXV. Salvadoraceae 

1. Salvadora persica L.

(Embelia grossularia, Pella ribesioides, Rivina paniculata, Salvadora crassinervia, Salvadora paniculata, Salvadora wightii)

Common names: Arak, Galenia asiatica, Meswak, mustard bush, mustard tree, Peelu, Pi-lu, Salvadora indica, toothbrush tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Salvadora persica (Arak, Galenia asiatica, Meswak, Peelu, Pīlu, Salvadora indica, or toothbrush tree, mustard tree, mustard bush), is a species of Salvadora. Salvadora persica has antiurolithiatic properties. Used for centuries as a natural toothbrush, its fibrous branches have been promoted by the World Health Organization for oral hygiene use. Research suggests that it contains a number of medically beneficial properties including abrasives, antiseptics, astringent, detergents, enzyme inhibitors, and fluoride.

LinkToothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) near Souq Al Ali. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkBranch of toothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) with fruits near Souq Al Ali. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkBranch of toothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) with flowers and fruits near Souq Al Ali. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkLarge toothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) on Al Nour Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkToothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) in old garden in a village of Al Mashrab in area of Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, October 10, 2015
LinkToothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) on a fence of Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalid Bin Hamad Al-Thani Palace at Al Rayyan Al Jadeed Street, near Huwar Street (Al Attiya) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, October 18, 2015
LinkToothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) hanging from a fence of Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalid Bin Hamad Al-Thani Palace at Al Rayyan Al Jadeed Street, near Huwar Street (Al Attiya) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, October 18, 2015
LinkToothbrush trees (Salvadora persica) in a parched garden in Trainah. Southern Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkToothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) in abandoned gardens in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkCreeping toothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) in abandoned gardens in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBranch of toothbrush tree (Salvadora persica) with fruits taken from Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016

LXVI. Sapindaceae    Soapberry Family 

1. Dodonaea viscosa viscosa (L.) Jacq.

(Dodonaea arabica, Dodonaea arborea, Dodonaea arborescens, Dodonaea arizonica, Dodonaea bialata, Dodonaea brasiliensis, Dodonaea burmanniana, Dodonaea candolleana, Dodonaea conferta, Dodonaea dioica, Dodonaea dombeyana, Dodonaea eriocarpa, Dodonaea fauriei, Dodonaea heterophylla, Dodonaea jamaicensis, Dodonaea kingii, Dodonaea latifolia, Dodonaea linearifolia, Dodonaea linearis, Dodonaea lucida, Dodonaea microcarpa, Dodonaea microcarya, Dodonaea natalensis, Dodonaea neriifolia, Dodonaea oblongifolia, Dodonaea ovata, Dodonaea pallida, Dodonaea pentandra, Dodonaea repanda, Dodonaea salicifolia, Dodonaea sandwicensis, Dodonaea skottsbergii, Dodonaea spathulata, Dodonaea spatulata, Dodonaea stenoptera, Dodonaea thunbergiana, Dodonaea umbellata, Dodonaea wightiana, Dsodonaea viscosa, Ptelea viscosa)

Common names: hopbush, neeh, shath

Extract from Wikipedia article: Dodonaea viscosa is a species of flowering plant in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, that has a cosmopolitan distribution in tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions of Africa, the Americas, southern Asia and Australasia.

LinkSeeds (winged capsule) of hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkWinged seeds of hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkWinged seed capsules of hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkHopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) with seeds on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkHopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) near a fence on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkFlowers of hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) on Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 19, 2015
LinkFlowers of hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) taken from Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 19, 2015
LinkClose up of flowers of hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) taken from Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 19, 2015
LinkWinged seed capsules of hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2015
LinkClose up of winged seed capsules of hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa) on Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2015

LXVII. Sapotaceae    Sapodilla Family 

1. Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen

(Achradelpha mammosa, Achras breviloba, Achras calderonii, Achras conzattii, Achras coriacea, Achras dactylina, Achras gaumeri, Achras latiloba, Achras lobulata, Achras lucuma, Achras mammosa, Achras meridionalis, Achras occidentalis, Achras paludosa, Achras petenensis, Achras rojasii, Achras sapatilla, Achras sapota, Achras striata, Achras tabogaensis, Achras tainteriana, Achras tchicomame, Achras verrucosa, Achras zapota, Achras zapotilla, Calocarpum mammosum, Calospermum mammosum, Gambeya mammosa, Lucuma mammosa, Lucuma zapota, Manilkara achras, Manilkara breviloba, Manilkara calderonii, Manilkara conzattii, Manilkara gaumeri, Manilkara grisebachii, Manilkara meridionalis, Manilkara rojasii, Manilkara striata, Manilkara tabogaensis, Manilkara zapotilla, Manilkariopsis lobulata, Manilkariopsis meridionalis, Manilkariopsis petenensis, Manilkariopsis rojasii, Manilkariopsis striata, Manilkariopsis tabogaensis, Mimusops grisebachii, Nispero achras, Pouteria mammosa, Sapota achras, Sapota zapotilla, Vitellaria mammosa)

Common names: sapodilla

Extract from Wikipedia article: Manilkara zapota, commonly known as the sapodilla (/ˌsæpəˈdɪlə/), is a long-lived, evergreen tree native to southern Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. An example natural occurrence is in coastal Yucatán in the Petenes mangroves ecoregion, where it is a subdominant plant species. It was introduced to the Philippines during Spanish colonization. It is grown in large quantities in India, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, Indonesia, Bangladesh and Mexico.

LinkSapodilla tree (Manilkara zapota) on Al Wajba Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 8, 2015

LXVIII. Scrophulariaceae    Foxglove Family 

1. Leucophyllum frutescens (Berl.) I.M. Johnston

(Terania frutescens)

Common names: barometer bush, cenizo, Texas silverleaf

Extract from Wikipedia article: Leucophyllum frutescens is an evergreen shrub in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae, native to the state of Texas in the southwestern United States and the states of Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas in northern Mexico. Although commonly known as Texas Sage, it is not a true sage and is distinct from the genus Salvia. The species is also called Texas Ranger, Texas Rain Sage, Cenizo, Texas Silverleaf, Ash-bush, Wild Lilac, Purple Sage, Senisa, Cenicilla, Palo Cenizo, or Hierba del Cenizo.

LinkCenizo (Leucophyllum frutescens) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2015
LinkCenizo (Leucophyllum frutescens) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015

2. Scrophularia deserti Del.

(Scrophularia cabulica, Scrophularia marginata, Scrophularia moniliformis)

Common names: Afaina, Al-Jar, Desert Figwort, efaina, inab al Deeb, zafairah, zeita

LinkPurple desert flower of Scrophularia deserti (Al-Jar or Afaina in Arabic) near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkDry seed capsules of figwort Scrophularia deserti on Fuwairit Hills (Jabal Fuwayrith), on north-eastern coast. Qatar, November 1, 2014
LinkFigwort Scrophularia deserti on roadside of Dukhan Road. Qatar, February 13, 2015
LinkFigwort Scrophularia deserti on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkFigwort Scrophularia deserti on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of figwort Scrophularia deserti in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016

LXIX. Solanaceae    Potato Family 

1. Datura innoxia P. Miller

(Brugmansia waymanni, Datura guayaquilensis, Datura humilis, Datura inoxia, Datura laevis, Datura metel, Datura meteloides, Datura wagmanni)

Common names: downy thorn-apple, Indian-apple, lovache, moonflower, nacazcul, Prickly bur, sacred datura, Sakaran, tolguache, toloache, toloatzin

LinkPrickly bur (Datura innoxia) on Sahat Al Luqta Street near crossing with Al Abeer Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 18, 2015
LinkSeedling of jimsonweed (Datura innoxia) on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016
LinkMoonflower (Datura innoxia) on waste ground on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016
LinkBud of moonflower (Datura innoxia) on waste ground on Al Shatt Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 26, 2016

2. Lycium shawii Roem. & Schult.

(Lycium abeliaeflorum, Lycium albiflorum, Lycium arabicum, Lycium barbarum, Lycium cufodontii, Lycium ellenbeckii, Lycium erythraeum, Lycium jaegeri, Lycium javellense, Lycium merkii, Lycium orientale, Lycium ovinum, Lycium persicum, Lycium somalense, Lycium tenuiramosum, Lycium withaniifolium)

Common names: Awsaj, Desert Thorn

LinkBlooming bush of desert thorn Lycium shawii. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkOrange berry (Masaa) of desert thorn (Lycium shawii, local name Awsaj). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkBlooming bush of desert thorn Lycium shawii in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkRed berries (masie) of Desert Thorn (Lycium shawii, Lycium arabicum, local name Awsaj) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms (Thaghab Al Majda). Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkLycium shawii planted in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkBright green leaves of desert thorn Lycium shawii on Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkFlowers of desert thorn Lycium shawii at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkTwig of desert thorn (Lycium shawii) with fresh leaves near Zubara. Northern Qatar, December 12, 2014
LinkSeedling of desert thorn (Lycium shawii) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkSucculent and spiny shoot of Desert Thorn (Lycium shawii) taken from a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, August 22, 2015
LinkFlowers of desert thorn (Lycium shawii, local name Awsaj) east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkOrange berries (Masaa) of desert thorn (Lycium shawii, local name Awsaj) on roadside near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkLarge bush of desert thorn Lycium shawii in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkBush of desert thorn Lycium shawii near Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkFlower of desert thorn Lycium shawii near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkBlooming branch of desert thorn Lycium shawii near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkFlowers of desert thorn Lycium shawii near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkBranch of desert thorn Lycium shawii with orange berries (masie) near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkDesert thorn Lycium shawii near a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkBush of desert thorn Lycium shawii in a depression in Al Mardiya - Wasit area. Northern Qatar, February 13, 2016
LinkBushes of desert thorn Lycium shawii in Al Mardiya - Wasit area. Northern Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkDesert thorn Lycium shawii in a depression near a road to Al Numan. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

3. Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.

(Atropa daturifolia, Atropa physalodes, Atropa physaloides, Boberella nicandra, Calydermos erosus, Nicandra minor, Pentagonia physalodes, Physalis daturifolia, Physalodes peruviana)

Common names: apple-of-Peru, shoo-fly plant

Extract from Wikipedia article: Nicandra is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family containing the single species Nicandra physalodes. It is known by the common names apple-of-Peru and shoo-fly plant. It is native to Peru, and it is known elsewhere as an introduced species and sometimes a weed. It is also kept as an ornamental plant.

LinkFlower buds of shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016
LinkOpened flower bud of shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) taken from a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016
LinkFlower buds of shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) taken from a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 14, 2016
LinkShoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBlooming shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBlooming shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) with an opening flower in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFlower of shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBlooming shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) with flower buds in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkOpening flower of shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFlower of shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) taken from a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFlower and green fruit of shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) taken from a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFruits of Shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) taken from a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkGreen fruit of Shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) taken from a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkDry fruits of Shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) taken from a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016
LinkBrown seeds of Shoo-fly plant (Nicandra physalodes) taken from a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, February 24, 2016

4. Physalis angulata L.

(Boberella angulata, Physalis arenaria, Physalis capsicifolia, Physalis capsicoides, Physalis dubia, Physalis esquirolii, Physalis flexuosa, Physalis hermannii, Physalis linkiana, Physalis micrantha, Physalis pendula, Physalis pruinosa, Physalis ramosissima)

Common names: balloon cherry, Cutleaf groundcherry, gooseberry

Extract from Wikipedia article: Physalis angulata is an erect, herbaceous, annual plant belonging to the nightshade family Solanaceae. It is known by several names, including angular winter cherry, balloon cherry, cutleaf groundcherry, gooseberry, hogweed, wild tomato, camapu, and occasionally other common names for the genus Physalis. It reproduces by seed. Its leaves are dark green and roughly oval, often with tooth shapes around the edge. The flowers are five-sided and pale yellow; the yellow-orange fruits are born inside a balloon-like calyx. It is native to the Americas, but is now widely distributed and naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.

LinkBalloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlooming balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFruit of balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFlower of balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkClose up of a fruit of balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlooming balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBalloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) with back lit leaves and a flower on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkRipe fruits of balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFruit of balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBalloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkRipe fruits of balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkFruits of balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkClose up of fruits of balloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBalloon cherry (cutleaf groundcherry, Physalis angulata) among grass on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015

5. Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.

(Solanum dealbatum, Solanum flavidum, Solanum leprosum, Solanum obtusifolium)

Common names: prairie berry, satansbos, silver-leaf bitter-apple, silverleaf nettle, silverleaf nightshade, silver-leaved nightshade, silver nightshade, white horsenettle

Extract from Wikipedia article: Solanum elaeagnifolium, the silverleaf nightshade or silver-leaved nightshade, is a common weed of western North America and also found in South America. Other common names include prairie berry, silverleaf nettle, white horsenettle or silver nightshade. In South Africa it is known as silver-leaf bitter-apple or satansbos ("Satan's bush" in Afrikaans). More ambiguous names include "bull-nettle", "horsenettle" and the Spanish "trompillo".

LinkFlowers of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlooming silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkWhite horsenettle (Silverleaf nightshade, Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkSilverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) with flowers on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkClose up of flowers of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFruits of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkPlants of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlooming silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkField of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkFlower of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkBlue flowers of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkSilverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkFlowers of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkBlooming plants of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkBlooming silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015
LinkSilverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkBlooming silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

6. Solanum luteum Mill.

Common names: orange nightshade

LinkFruits of orange nightshade (Solanum luteum or may be S. villosum) in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 11, 2016
LinkOrange nightshade (Solanum luteum or may be S. villosum) in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 11, 2016
LinkBlooming orange nightshade (Solanum luteum or may be S. villosum) in a shady spot on Al Furqan Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 11, 2016
LinkNightshade (Solanum luteum or may be S. nigrum) on Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkBlooming nightshade (Solanum luteum or may be S. nigrum) taken from Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkFlowers of nightshade (Solanum luteum or may be S. nigrum) taken from Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016

7. Solanum lycopersicum L.

(Lycopersicon cerasiforme, Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon galenii, Lycopersicon humboldtii, Lycopersicon lycopersicum, Lycopersicon macrophyllum, Lycopersicon philippinarum, Lycopersicon pomumamoris, Lycopersicon pyriforme, Lycopersicon spurium, Solanum humboldtii, Solanum luridum, Solanum pomiferum, Solanum pruniforme, Solanum pseudolycopersicum, Solanum racemigerum, Solanum spurium)

Common names: Solanum esculentum, tomato plant

Extract from Wikipedia article: The tomato is the edible, often red fruit/berry of the nightshade Solanum lycopersicum, commonly known as a tomato plant. The species originated in the South American Andes and its use as a food originated in Mexico, and spread throughout the world following the Spanish colonization of the Americas. Its many varieties are now widely grown, sometimes in greenhouses in cooler climates.

LinkTomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum) growing on Umm Wishad Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkTomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum) with fruits near Al Ghada Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, April 19, 2016
LinkTomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum) with yellow fruits on the median strip of Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 22, 2016

8. Solanum melongena L.

(Melongena esculenta, Melongena ovata, Solanum aethiopicum, Solanum album, Solanum edule, Solanum esculentum, Solanum insanum, Solanum longum, Solanum melanocarpum, Solanum melongenum, Solanum oviferum, Solanum ovigerum, Solanum trongum, Solanum zeylanicum)

Common names: aubergine, brinjal, eggplant

Extract from Wikipedia article: Solanum melongena is a species of nightshade grown for its edible fruit. It has several common names; in American, Canadian and Australian English it is called eggplant, in British English aubergine. It is known in South Asia, Southeast Asia and South Africa as brinjal. Other common names are melongene, garden egg, or guinea squash. The fruit is widely used in cooking, most notably as an important ingredient in dishes such as moussaka and ratatouille. As a member of the genus Solanum, it is related to both the tomato and the potato. It was originally domesticated from the wild nightshade species, the thorn or bitter apple, S. incanum, probably with two independent domestications, one in the region of South Asia, and one in East Asia.

LinkEggplant (Solanum melongena) taken from entrance of Barzan Towers. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkFruits of eggplant (Solanum melongena) taken from entrance of Barzan Towers. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkEggplant (Solanum melongena) near a water tank on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkBlooming eggplant (Solanum melongena) near a water tank on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkEggplant (Solanum melongena) with flowers near a water tank on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkFlower and a dissected ovary of eggplant (Solanum melongena) taken from area of water tank on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkEggplant (Solanum melongena) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015

9. Solanum nigrum L.

(Solanum atriplicifolium, Solanum cuneifolium, Solanum decipiens, Solanum dillenii, Solanum humile, Solanum judaicum, Solanum morella, Solanum moschatum, Solanum papilionaceum, Solanum pseudoflavum, Solanum repens, Solanum schultesii, Solanum suffruticosum, Solanum villosum, Solanum vulgare, Solanum vulgatum)

Common names: black nightshade, inab al deeb

Extract from Wikipedia article: Solanum nigrum (European black nightshade or locally just "black nightshade", duscle, garden nightshade, hound's berry, petty morel, wonder berry, small-fruited black nightshade or popolo) is a species in the Solanum genus, native to Eurasia and introduced in the Americas, Australasia and South Africa. Parts of this plant can be highly toxic to livestock and humans, and it's considered a weed. Nonetheless, ripe berries and cooked leaves of edible strains are used as food in some locales; and plant parts are used as a traditional medicine. There is a tendency in literature to incorrectly refer to many of the other "black nightshade" species as "Solanum nigrum".

LinkBlack nightshade (Solanum nigrum) near Al Bidda Park. Doha, Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkBlack nightshade (Solanum nigrum) near Al Asmakh Street in Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2014
LinkBlack nightshade (Solanum nigrum) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkSolanum nigrum(?) on roadside of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkFruit receptacles of Solanum nigrum(?) on roadside of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 22, 2014
LinkFlowers of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFruits of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBerries of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkRipe fruits of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlack nightshade (Solanum nigrum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkBlooming black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, December 13, 2014
LinkBlack nightshade (Solanum nigrum) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016
LinkBracts of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)(?) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 2, 2016

10. Solanum tuberosum L.

(Solanum andigenum, Solanum aquinas, Solanum chiloense, Solanum chilotanum, Solanum cultum, Solanum diemii, Solanum fonckii, Solanum kesselbrenneri, Solanum leptostigma, Solanum molinae, Solanum oceanicum, Solanum ochoanum, Solanum sanmartiniense, Solanum subandigena, Solanum tascalense, Solanum zykinii)

Common names: potato

Extract from Wikipedia article: The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial nightshade Solanum tuberosum L. The word "potato" may refer either to the plant itself or to the edible tuber. In the Andes, where the species is indigenous, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species. Potatoes were introduced outside the Andes region approximately four centuries ago, and have since become an integral part of much of the world's food supply. It is the world's fourth-largest food crop, following maize, wheat, and rice. The green leaves and green skins of tubers exposed to the light are toxic.

LinkPotato plant (Solanum tuberosum) near Al Istiqlal Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 13, 2016
LinkPotato plant (Solanum tuberosum) on Al Intisar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 18, 2016

11. Withania somnifera

Common names: ashwagandha, Indian ginseng, poison gooseberry, sakaran, sim al ferakh, winter cherry

Extract from Wikipedia article: Withania somnifera, known commonly as ashwagandha, Indian ginseng, poison gooseberry, or winter cherry, is a plant in the Solanaceae or nightshade family. Several other species in the genus Withania are morphologically similar. It is used as an herb in Ayurvedic medicine.

LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) growing from cracks of sidewalk pavement in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkSeedling of ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) near a water pipe in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkSeedling of ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkFlowers and fruits of ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkShoot of ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkFlowers of ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkFruits of ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) with flowers on sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) taken from area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkUnripe fruit of ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) taken from area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkOpened unripe fruit of ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) taken from area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2015
LinkDusty plant of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2015
LinkRed berries of ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) taken from area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, May 25, 2015
LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) taken from sidewalk in area of Saha 3 Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 15, 2015
LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) near a stone building on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkFlowers of Ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkFruits of Ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkRipening fruits of Ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkClose up of fruits of Ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) taken from Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkRipe fruits of Ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) taken from Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkDetached red berries of Ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) taken from Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkFruits of Ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on white background taken from Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) with fruits on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, March 2, 2016
LinkLarge bush of Ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on Al Muhandiseen Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, March 2, 2016
LinkAshwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016

LXX. Tamaricaceae    Tamarix Family 

1. Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst.

(Tamarix articulata, Tamarix faras, Tamarix furas, Tamarix orientalis, Tamarix pharas, Tamarix scebelensis, Thuja aphylla)

Common names: Athal, saltcedar, Tarfa

Extract from Wikipedia article: Tamarix aphylla is the largest known species of Tamarix (height: to18 metres—60 ft) . The species has a variety of common names, including Athel pine, Athel tree, Athel tamarisk, and saltcedar. It is an evergreen tree, native across North, East and Central Africa, through the Middle East, and into parts of Western and Southern Asia.

LinkBlooming tamarisk (Tamarix aphylla) north from Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkInflorescence tamarisk (Tamarix aphylla) taken from area north from Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkClose up of tamarisk flowers (Tamarix aphylla) taken from area north from Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkBlooming tamarisk (Tamarix aphylla) near a fence of Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkFruits of tamarisk (Tamarix aphylla) near a fence of Sealine Beach Resort near Mesaieed. Southern Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkTamarisk (Tamarix aphylla) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016

2. Tamarix aucheriana (Decne.) Baum

(Trichaurus aucherianus)

Common names: athl, pink tamarisk, tarfah

LinkPink flowers of tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) north from Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkInflorescence of tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) taken from area north from Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkFlowers of tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) taken from area north from Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkTwig of tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) with flowers taken from area north from Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 30, 2015
LinkPink tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 14, 2015
LinkSeeds of pink tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 14, 2015
LinkSeeds and flowers of pink tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 14, 2015
LinkSeeds on dark background of pink tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) taken from swampy area behind Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 14, 2015
LinkSeeds and flowers of pink tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) on dark background taken from swampy area behind Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 14, 2015
LinkPink flowers of tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkTamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkFruits of tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) on roadside of Salwa Road near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkFlowers of tamarisk (Tamarix aucheriana) on roadside of Salwa Road near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016

3. Tamarix senegalensis DC.

(Tamarix arabica, Tamarix gallica, Tamarix nilotica)

Common names: Athal, saltcedar, Tarfa

LinkSaltcedar (Tamarix nilotica or may be T. aphylla) near Abu Nakhlah ponds. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014

4. Tamarix passerinoides Del. ex Desv.

(Tamarix oxysepala, Tamarix tenuifolia)

LinkBig flowers of tamarisk (Tamarix passerinoides) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkBlooming tamarisk (Tamarix passerinoides) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkBlooming twig of tamarisk (Tamarix passerinoides) at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014

LXXI. Typhaceae    Cat-tail family 

1. Typha domingensis Pers.

(Typha abyssinica, Typha aequalis, Typha aethiopica, Typha americana, Typha angustata, Typha angustifolia, Typha australis, Typha basedowii, Typha bracteata, Typha brownii, Typha damiattica, Typha ehrenbergii, Typha essequeboensis, Typha gigantea, Typha gracilis, Typha javanica, Typha macranthelia, Typha maxima, Typha media, Typha salgirica, Typha tenuifolia, Typha truxillensis)

Common names: bardi, booS, cumbungi, dees, southern cattail

Extract from Wikipedia article: Typha domingensis, known commonly as southern cattail or cumbungi, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Typha.

LinkShoots of reed (southern cattail, Typha domingensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkReed (southern cattail, Typha domingensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSouthern cattail (Typha domingensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkTall grass southern cattail (Typha domingensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkClose up of base of a leaf of southern cattail (Typha domingensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkBack lit leaf of southern cattail (Typha domingensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSouthern cattail (Typha domingensis) near a pond outside of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkStand of southern cattail (Typha domingensis) near a pond outside of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkSouthern cattail (Typha domingensis) in area of sewage ponds near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkSouthern cattail (Typha domingensis) with flowering spikes in area of sewage ponds near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkFlowering spikes of Southern cattail (Typha domingensis) in area of sewage ponds near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkMasses of Southern cattail (Typha domingensis) in area of sewage ponds near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016
LinkSpike of Southern cattail (Typha domingensis) taken from area of sewage ponds near Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 3, 2016

LXXII. Urticaceae    Nettle Family 

1. Parietaria alsinifolia Del.

(Freirea alsinifolia)

Common names: Bird Tongue

LinkNettle like Bird Tongue (Parietaria alsinifolia) growing in bushes of Ziziphus nummularia on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkSeedlings of Bird Tongue (Parietaria alsinifolia) under bushes of Ziziphus on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkBird Tongue (Parietaria alsinifolia) growing under protection of Ziziphus bushes in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

LXXIII. Verbenaceae    Verbena Family 

1. Lantana camara L.

(Camara vulgaris)

Common names: tickberry, wild sage

Extract from Wikipedia article: Lantana camara, also known as big sage (Malaysia), wild sage, red sage, white sage (Caribbean) and tickberry (South Africa), is a species of flowering plant within the verbena family, Verbenaceae, that is native to the American tropics.

LinkRed flowers of Lantana camara in dew in a small park in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkOrange flowers of Lantana camara in a small park in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkClose up of orange flowers of Lantana camara in a small park in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 20, 2014
LinkPurple flowers of Lantana camara taken from Onanza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 5, 2015
LinkLantana camara on sidewalk in Onaiza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkFlowers of Lantana camara in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkPurple flowers of Lantana camara in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkClose up of purple flowers of Lantana camara in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 12, 2016
LinkFlowers of Lantana camara in Rawdat Al Faras Research Station (RAFRS) near Al Zubara Road. Qatar, April 29, 2016

2. Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl

(Abena jamaicensis, Stachytarpheta bogoriensis, Stachytarpheta indica, Stachytarpheta pilosiuscula, Valerianoides jamaicense, Valerianoides jamaicensis, Verbena americana, Verbena jamaicensis, Verbena pilosiuscula, Vermicularia decurrens, Zappania jamaicensis)

Common names: bastard vervain, blue porterweed, blue snake weed

Extract from Wikipedia article: Stachytarpheta jamaicensis Is a species of plant in the Verbenaceae family, native throughout the Caribbean. It has many common names including blue porterweed, blue snake weed, bastard vervain, Brazilian tea, Jamaica vervain, and light-blue snakeweed. It is unclear whether S. indica is a separate species. It is usually found along country roadsides and it grows also well as a ruderal plant on disturbed terrain. It is an invasive species in some places.

LinkBlue porterweed (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Stachytarpheta indica) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016

LXXIV. Violaceae    Violet Family 

1. Viola tricolor L.

(Jacea tricolor, Mnemion tricolor, Viola luteola, Viola nemausensis)

Common names: heartsease

Extract from Wikipedia article: Viola tricolor, known as (exhaustingly) heartsease, heart's ease, heart's delight, tickle-my-fancy, Jack-jump-up-and-kiss-me, come-and-cuddle-me, three faces in a hood, or love-in-idleness, is a common European wild flower, growing as an annual or short-lived perennial. It has been introduced into North America, where it has spread widely, and is known as the johnny jump up (though this name is also applied to similar species such as the yellow pansy). It is the progenitor of the cultivated pansy, and is therefore sometimes called wild pansy; before the cultivated pansies were developed, "pansy" was an alternative name for the wild form.

LinkBlue pansy (Viola tricolor) in a flowerbed in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016
LinkFlowers of blue pansy (Viola tricolor) planted in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016

LXXV. Zygophyllaceae    Caltrop Family 

1. Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile

(Agialid abyssinica, Agialid aegyptiaca, Agialid arabica, Agialid barteri, Agialid chevalieri, Agialid cuneifolia, Agialid glomerata, Agialid latifolia, Agialid membranacea, Agialid nigra, Agialid palestinaca, Agialid schimperi, Agialid senegalensis, Agialid tombouctensis, Balanites aegyptiacus, Balanites arabica, Balanites fischeri, Balanites latifolia, Balanites suckertii, Canthium zizyphoides, Ximenia aegyptiaca)

Common names: desert date, Egyptian myrobalan, heglig, hidjihi, hijlij, inteishit, lalob, soap berry tree, Thron tree, Zachum oil tree

Extract from Wikipedia article: Balanites aegyptiaca is a species of tree, classified either as a member of the Zygophyllaceae or the Balanitaceae. This tree is native to much of Africa and parts of the Middle East.

LinkDesert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkDesert date tree (Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkFoliage of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkGroup of desert date trees (lalob, Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkDesert date trees (Balanites aegyptiaca) from other side of a fence on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkSmaller tree of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) behind a fence on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkFoliage of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) behind a fence on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkGreen branches of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) behind a fence on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkShoot of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) taken from roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkBranches of desert date trees (Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkGreen branches of desert date trees (Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkDesert date trees (Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkBlooming desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, May 27, 2016
LinkDesert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) with green flowers on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, May 27, 2016
LinkFlowers of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, May 27, 2016
LinkGreen flowers of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, May 27, 2016
LinkBranch of desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) with green flowers on roadside of Salwa Highway near Saliyah military housing south-west from Doha. Qatar, May 27, 2016

2. Fagonia bruguieri DC.

(Fagonia echinella, Fagonia olivieri)

Common names: dereima, Dhuraymah, shaki, shoka, showeika

LinkA flower and fruits of DHuraymah desert plant (Fagonia bruguieri) found near Dar Al Salam Compound in Abu Hamour. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2013
LinkDHuraymah desert plant (Fagonia bruguieri) found near Dar Al Salam Compound in Abu Hamour. Doha, Qatar, April 13, 2013
LinkDHuraymah desert plant (Fagonia bruguieri) found near near Dar Al Salam Compound, Abu Hamour area. Doha, Qatar, May 10, 2013
LinkFagonia bruguieri (Fagonia echinella, local names dereima, showeika, shaki, shoka, Dhuraymah) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFagonia bruguieri (Fagonia echinella, local names dereima, showeika, shaki, shoka, Dhuraymah) near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkFagonia bruguieri near State Mosque. Doha, Qatar, March 19, 2014
LinkLarge bush of Fagonia bruguieri near State Mosque. Doha, Qatar, March 19, 2014
LinkFagonia bruguieri (Fagonia echinella, local names dereima, showeika, shaki, shoka, Dhuraymah) near Al Muhandiseen Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkFagonia bruguieri(?) growing on a sidewalk of Meshrif Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkLarge bush of Fagonia bruguieri in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 10, 2015
LinkProstrate plant of Fagonia bruguieri (Fagonia echinella, local names dereima, showeika, shaki, shoka, Dhuraymah)(?) in a roadside depression near Salwa Road. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkFruits of Fagonia bruguieri(?) taken from a roadside depression near Salwa Road. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkBranch of Fagonia bruguieri(?) taken from a roadside depression near Salwa Road. Qatar, April 22, 2016

3. Fagonia glutinosa Del.

Common names: dereima, shaki, shoka, showeika

LinkDesert plant Fagonia glutinosa (local names dereima, showeika, shaki, shoka) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkProstrate desert plant Fagonia glutinosa (local names dereima, showeika, shaki, shoka) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlower of a desert plant Fagonia glutinosa (local names dereima, showeika, shaki, shoka) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkLeaves of a desert plant Fagonia glutinosa (local names dereima, showeika, shaki, shoka) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014

4. Fagonia indica Burm. f.

(Fagonia aucheri, Fagonia mysorensis, Fagonia parviflora, Fagonia persica)

Common names: dereima, handagog, shaki, shoka, showeika

LinkPurple flower of Fagonia indica or ovalifolia(?) (local name Dhreima or DHuraymah, shwaikah) in a desert. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkFagonia indica (local names dereima, showeika, shaki, shoka) in sand near Trainah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkSeedling of Fagonia indica growing in silt in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkFagonia indica(?) near a beach in Marouna. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkFagonia indica with insect galls or swellings on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkFagonia indica with a flower, a fruit and insect galls on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 31, 2015
LinkBlooming Fagonia indica in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkFagonia indica with flowers in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkInsect galls on Fagonia indica taken from Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, October 23, 2015
LinkInsect galls (malformed growth) on Fagonia indica taken from Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, October 23, 2015
LinkFagonia indica(?) in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkPlant of Fagonia indica on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkWhite blooming plant of Fagonia indica on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkWhite phenotype of Fagonia indica on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Fagonia indica on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkWhite phenotype of Fagonia indica on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkWhite flowering of Fagonia indica on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkWhite flowers of Fagonia indica on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkWhite flowering phenotype of Fagonia indica on the slope of limestone hills in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkDry plant of Fagonia indica(?) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016

5. Fagonia ovalifolia

Common names: dereima, shaki, shoka, showeika

LinkSeedling of Fagonia ovalifolia(?) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkFagonia ovalifolia(?) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkPlant of Fagonia ovalifolia(?) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Fagonia ovalifolia(?) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkPlant of Fagonia ovalifolia(?) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

6. Fagonia tenuifolia Steud. & Hochst. ex Boiss.

(Fagonia bischarorum, Fagonia flamandi)

LinkFagonia tenuifolia on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkFagonia tenuifolia with flowers on roadside of a road to Zubara in Al Magdah farms area, in north-western Qatar, February 22, 2014
LinkStriped Hawkmoth caterpillar (Hyles livornica) feeding on Fagonia tenuifolia(?) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkClose up of Striped Hawkmoth caterpillar (Hyles livornica) feeding on Fagonia tenuifolia(?) in area of Ras Laffan farms. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014

7. Seetzenia lanata (Willd.) Bull.

(Seetzenia africana, Seetzenia orientalis, Seetzenia prostrata, Zygophyllum lanatum, Zygophyllum prostratum)

Common names: Habyan

LinkDesert plant Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSeetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, Seetzenia africana, Seetzenia orientalis, local name Habyan) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert plant Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, Seetzenia africana, Seetzenia orientalis, local name Habyan) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert plant Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkCentral hub of a desert plant Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkCreeping desert plant Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkDesert plant Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) with flowers near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkSeetzenia lanata (local name Habyan) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkBlooming plant of Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, Seetzenia africana, Seetzenia orientalis, local name Habyan) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkSpreading plant of Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, Seetzenia africana, Seetzenia orientalis, local name Habyan) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkSeetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, Seetzenia africana, Seetzenia orientalis, local name Habyan) with a flower near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkProstrate plant of Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, Seetzenia africana, Seetzenia orientalis, local name Habyan) near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkSeetzenia lanata plant near a road to Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkSeetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) with a flower on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkSeetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) with a fruit on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkFlowers of Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkBlooming Seetzenia lanata (Zygophyllum lanatum, local name Habyan) on white background on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

8. Tetraena qatarensis (Hadidi) Beier & Thulin

(Zygophyllum hamiense, Zygophyllum qatarense)

Common names: Bean caper, harm Qatari

LinkSucculent leaves of salt tolerant plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in desert on hills of Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkSeedling of Zygophyllum qatarense germinated after recent rains. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkSeedling of a desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkBlooming Zygophyllum qatarense in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 4, 2011
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2011
LinkClose up of Zygophyllum qatarense plant east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2011
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2011
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant with fruits east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2011
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant in sand east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2011
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant with small flowers east from Arch (Rainbow) Roundabout. Doha, Qatar, April 16, 2011
LinkDesert plant Zygophyllum qatarense near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013
LinkClose up of desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013
LinkDesert plant Zygophyllum qatarense in sand near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013
LinkFlower buds of desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense near Harrarah, west from Mesayeed, south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 19, 2013
LinkHalophyte plant Zygophyllum qatarense in desert near industrial zone of Ras Laffan, north from Doha. Qatar, March 23, 2013
LinkSeedling of Zygophyllum qatarense plant in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkSucculent twig of Zygophyllum qatarense plant in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkGreen seedling of desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkCompact seedling of desert plant Zygophyllum qatarense among sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkSeedling of Zygophyllum qatarense (Tetraena qatarense) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkSeedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkPurple seedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkPurple seedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) covered by sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSeedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand on a roadside in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSeedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a roadside of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkRed-purple tinged seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkSeedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Harrarah in southern Qatar, February 14, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 15, 2014
LinkSeedling of desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkPurple tinged seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) covered by sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkSeedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) covered by sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkSeedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) near Dukhan Road. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkDesert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa, dhanoon, Tartuth) with a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkSeedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in a runnel north from Dukhan in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkGreen seedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sands south from Sealine Beach Resort. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay at sunrise. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkSalt tolerant plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) with fruits in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) taken from empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay at sunrise. Doha, Qatar, April 25, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in empty area north from crossing of Al Istiqlal and Al Markhiya streets in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2014
LinkSeeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) taken from salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 17, 2014
LinkBrown seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) taken from salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 17, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with seeds on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with brown seeds on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkRipening seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkYellowish Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkBrownish Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with seeds on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with seeds growing on a sidewalk of Meshrif Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkBrown seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkBrown seeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) carpeting ground on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkLarge bush of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on salty wasteland in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 5, 2014
LinkMagenta tinged seedling of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on Jebel Fuwairit. Qatar, October 3, 2014
LinkBlooming Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkBrown leaves of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkParasitic plant Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) with a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkParasitic plants of Desert Thumb (Cynomorium coccineum, local name tartouth) forming "fairy ring" circle near a host plant Zygophyllum qatarense on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 10, 2015
LinkSlender twig of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant taken from a beach near Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near Saudi border. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkSkeleton of a dry plant of Zygophyllum qatarense(?) in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant submerged by sand in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a slope of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkClose up of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, April 24, 2015
LinkDry plant skeleton of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense)(?) in area of Nakhsh Mountain near Salwa Road in southern Qatar, May 8, 2015
LinkAlmost dry plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya rock carving site, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, May 9, 2015
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in sand on roadside between Mesaieed and Al Wakra. Southern Qatar, July 4, 2015
LinkMalformed plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkMalformed plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) damaged by mites on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkPlants of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on sand in Mazhabya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkAlmost dry plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on sand in Mazhabya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkBright green plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkMalformed plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkClose up of a malformed plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) damaged by gall gnats(?) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, July 11, 2015
LinkPlants of Zygophyllum qatarense in wind blown sand on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkPlant of Zygophyllum qatarense with spherical variation of leaves on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkBranch of a desert plant Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) taken from a spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, October 23, 2015
LinkSeedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkSeeds of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand near Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, October 31, 2015
LinkSeedling of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) with dark purple stem in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkHighly succulent form of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a shore near Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim) in Al Khor. Qatar, November 28, 2015
LinkReddish leaves of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkPlants of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in flat area east from Dukhan. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkBlooming Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense, local name harm) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkCompact plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a tomb of Al Khor Cemetery in mist. North from Al Khor, Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkSalt-and-pepper moth (Utetheisa lotrix) or may be Utetheisa pulchella on Zygophyllum qatarense on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkReddish plant of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkSucculent form of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkLarge bush of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkHighly succulent form of Tetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) in sand on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkTetraena qatarense (Zygophyllum qatarense) plant on a surface of limestone rock in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

9. Tetraena simplex (L.) Beier & Thulin

(Fabago portulacifolius, Zygophyllum dregeanum, Zygophyllum microcarpum, Zygophyllum microphyllum, Zygophyllum obtusum, Zygophyllum portulacoides, Zygophyllum simplex)

Common names: daa, harm, hureim, Simple-leaved bean caper, umm thareeb

LinkBlooming Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, harm, hureim) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, February 19, 2010
LinkSucculent plant Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, harm, hureim) in desert. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2010
LinkBlooming Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) in desert. Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkZygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkDesert plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local names Daa, harm, hureim) near Sawda Natheel Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local names Daa, harm, hureim) near a road to Sawda Natheel in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlooming desert plant Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local names Daa, harm, hureim) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkYellow flower of a desert plant Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local names Daa, harm, hureim) in a roadside depression of Abu Samra Road in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkDesert plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local names Daa, harm, hureim) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkBlooming Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local names Daa, harm, hureim) on roadside of Salwa Road in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkLarge plants of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, harm, hureim) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkLarge plants of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, harm, hureim) on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkZygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local names Daa, harm, hureim) near a road north from Ash Shahaniyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkZygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, harm, hureim) forming a sand mound on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkFruits of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, harm, hureim) on roadside of Salwa Road near Karaana, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkLarge plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkBush of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) near Al Markhiya Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkLarge plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) near Al Markhiya Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkZygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) with ripening fruits near Al Markhiya Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2014
LinkPillow like plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, harm, hureim) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, November 28, 2014
LinkSeedling of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex)(?) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkYoung plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkFruits of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) taken from the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, May 30, 2015
LinkZygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) with fruits taken from the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, May 30, 2015
LinkSeedling of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkSeedling of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) with flowers in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkSeedling of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) on mud in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkBlooming seedling of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local names Daa, harm, hureim) on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkSeedling of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkZygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) on white background in a depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, November 7, 2015
LinkZygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) plant shaped as rhombus near Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkZygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) grown on a mat of Corchorus depressus near Dukhan Road. Shahaniya, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkCushions of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) in roadside depression near a road from Al Shahaniya to Al Samriya north-east from camel race track. Lekhraib, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkMat of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) in roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkRectangular shape of simple-leaved bean caper Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local names Daa, harm, hureim) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkRound plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) near limestone cliffs in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkPlant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) on the top of limestone cliffs in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkSmall purple tinged plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) on limestone cliffs in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkPurple tinged plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) in sand on limestone cliffs in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkFlat plant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkPlant of Zygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex, local name Daa, harm, hureim) with flowers on a gravel plane in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016
LinkZygophyllum simplex (Tetraena simplex) plant on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016

10. Tribulus macropterus Boiss.

(Tribulus longipetalus, Tribulus pentandrus)

Common names: hasak, Shershir, Tribulus arabicus

LinkYellow flower of Tribulus macropterus on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkTribulus macropterus on roadside of Dukhan Highway. Ash-Shahaniyah, Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkShoot of Tribulus macropterus with a flower and fruits taken from a roadside of Dukhan Highway in Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkFruit of Tribulus macropterus taken from a roadside of Dukhan Highway in Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkTribulus macropterus with fruits taken from a roadside of Dukhan Highway in Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkClose up of Tribulus macropterus with fruits taken from a roadside of Dukhan Highway in Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkFruits of Tribulus macropterus detached from the plant taken from a roadside of Dukhan Highway in Ash-Shahaniyah. Qatar, December 4, 2015
LinkFruits of Tribulus macropterus(?) taken from a roadside of roadside of Salwa Road near Abu Nakhlah. Qatar, December 11, 2015
LinkSeedling of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkYoung plant of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkSeedling of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus emerging from sand in dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkSeedling of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in sand near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkFlower of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in sand near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkLarge yellow flower of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in sand near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkBlooming Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in sand near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkBlooming Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus with a large flower on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus with a yellow flower on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkLarge yellow flower of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkYellow flower of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus in bloom on sand near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkFruits of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus growing on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBlooming Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus with flowers on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus with yellow flowers on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkBlooming branch of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus on windblown sand at the foot of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on windblown sand at the foot of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBranch of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on windblown sand at the foot of limestone cliffs in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkBlooming Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in sandy area below a limestone cliff in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkYellow flowers of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in sandy area in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkYellow flower of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in sandy area in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus on a hill slope in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkBlooming Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus in sandy area in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkBlooming plant of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in sandy area in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus with flowers in sandy area in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkTribulus macropterus var. arabicus with flowers in windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkSolitary plant of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkSolitary blooming plant of Tribulus macropterus var. arabicus in windblown sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016

11. Tribulus pentandrus Forssk.

(Tribulus alatus, Tribulus longipetalus)

LinkTribulus pentandrus near Abu Nahlah Road, south from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkTribulus pentandrus with a flower taken from Abu Nahlah Road, south from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkTribulus pentandrus with fruits taken from Abu Nahlah Road, south from Doha. Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkBack lit flower of Tribulus pentandrus(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkFruit of Tribulus pentandrus(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBlooming Tribulus pentandrus(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkMat of Tribulus pentandrus(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015

12. Tribulus terrestris L.

(Tribulus acanthococcus, Tribulus albus, Tribulus bicornutus, Tribulus bimucronatus, Tribulus gussonii, Tribulus humifusus, Tribulus kotschyanus, Tribulus micans, Tribulus murex, Tribulus muricatus, Tribulus nogalensis)

Common names: Caltrop, gatha, hasak, Puncturevine, Tribulus lanuginosus

Extract from Wikipedia article: Tribulus terrestris is an annual plant in the Caltrop Family (Zygophyllaceae) widely distributed around the world, that is adapted to grow in dry climate locations in which few other plants can survive.

LinkPuncturevine (Caltrop, Tribulus terrestris, Tribulus lanuginosus, local name hasak) in sand on roadside in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlower of puncturevine (Caltrop, Tribulus terrestris, Tribulus lanuginosus, local name hasak) in sand near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkFlower of puncturevine (Caltrop, Tribulus terrestris, Tribulus lanuginosus, local name hasak) on a roadside in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkYellow flowers of puncturevine (Caltrop, Tribulus terrestris, Tribulus lanuginosus, local name hasak) on a roadside in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlooming puncturevine (Caltrop, Tribulus terrestris, Tribulus lanuginosus, local name hasak) on a roadside in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkPuncturevine (caltrop, Tribulus terrestris) on a sidewalk of Al Diwan Street. Doha, Qatar, March 28, 2014
LinkPuncturevine (Caltrop, Tribulus terrestris) on roadside of Salwa Road, south-west from Doha. Qatar, April 23, 2014
LinkPuncturevine (Caltrop, Tribulus terrestris, local name hasak) taken from Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkPuncturevine (Caltrop, Tribulus terrestris) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015

LXXVI. Arecaceae    Palm Family 

1. Phoenix dactylifera L.

(Palma dactylifera, Palma major, Phoenix atlantica, Phoenix atlantidis, Phoenix chevalieri, Phoenix excelsior, Phoenix iberica)

Common names: Date Palm, nakhal, nakheel

Extract from Wikipedia article: Phoenix dactylifera (date, or date palm) is a palm in the genus Phoenix, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. Although its place of origin is unknown because of long cultivation, it probably originated from lands around Iraq . The species is widely cultivated and is reportedly naturalized in Australia, Spain, North Africa, the Canary Islands, Madeira, Cape Verde, the Sahel region of Africa, Mauritius, Réunion, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan), Fiji, New Caledonia, the United States (California, Nevada, Florida), Puerto Rico, northern Mexico, El Salvador, the Leeward Islands, the Cayman Islands, and the Dominican Republic.

LinkBudget style rooftop accommodation with a date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in background, view from Umm Wishah Street, Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2013
LinkAlleyway separating residential units (sikka) with date palms (Phoenix dactylifera), near Sikkat Al Sakhaa, Musheirib area. Doha, Qatar, April 27, 2013
LinkFruits of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) tied together by cord near Al Doha Al Jadeeda Street. Doha, Qatar, June 1, 2013
LinkDate palm (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) growing on a sand mound on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkFruits of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) on Al Muhandiseen Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkDate palm (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) with fruits on Al Muhandiseen Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkDate palm (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) with fruits near Al Istiqlal Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 11, 2014
LinkGroup of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, September 26, 2014
LinkDate palms (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkGrove of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) on a low sand mound on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkDate palms (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) with seeds on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkSeeds of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkDate palms (Phoenix dactylifera) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, November 7, 2014
LinkDate palms (Phoenix dactylifera) with seeds on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, November 29, 2014
LinkDate palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 9, 2015
LinkGrove of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkTrunks of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakheel) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkFallen fruits of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) on the ground in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkRipening fruits of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera), on Corniche promenade. Doha, Qatar, June 16, 2015
LinkDate palms (Phoenix dactylifera) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkDusty date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkFronds of a date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkGroup of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkLeaves of a date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) on a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkDry fruits of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) on the ground in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkCluster of ten date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkRipe reddish fruits of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkDry seeds of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) on the ground in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, September 11, 2015
LinkDate palm plantation (Phoenix dactylifera) south-east from Abu Samra in area of Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya). Southern Qatar, October 23, 2015
LinkDate palms (Phoenix dactylifera) in windblown sand near a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 30, 2016
LinkDate palms (Phoenix dactylifera) covered by windblown sand near a beach in the area of Al Hamala (Al Hamlah) Water Well near Umm Bab. South-western Qatar, January 30, 2016
LinkYoung date palms (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakeel) in abandoned gardens in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkDate palms (Phoenix dactylifera, local name nakeel) in an abandoned garden in area of Ras Laffan farms. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016

2. Washingtonia filifera (Rafarin) H.Wendl. ex de Bary

(Brahea dulcis, Brahea filamentosa, Brahea filifera, Livistona filamentosa, Neowashingtonia filamentosa, Neowashingtonia filifera, Pritchardia filamentosa, Pritchardia filifera, Washingtonia filamentosa)

Common names: desert fan palm

Extract from Wikipedia article: Washingtonia filifera, also known as desert fan palm, is a flowering plant in the palm family (Arecaceae), and native to the southwestern U.S. and Baja California. Growing to 15–20 m (49–66 ft) tall by 3–6 m (10–20 ft) broad, it is an evergreen monocot with a tree-like growth habit. It has a sturdy columnar trunk and waxy fan-shaped (palmate) leaves.

LinkDesert fan palm (Washingtonia filifera or may be robusta) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, April 29, 2015
LinkFruits of Desert fan palm (Washingtonia filifera)(?) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, August 22, 2015
LinkGreen fruits of Desert fan palm (Washingtonia filifera)(?) in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, August 22, 2015
LinkCluster of fruits of Desert fan palm (Washingtonia filifera)(?) taken from Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, August 22, 2015
LinkDesert fan palm (Washingtonia filifera or may be robusta) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 30, 2015
LinkLeaves of desert fan palm (Washingtonia filifera or may be robusta) in Aspire Park. Doha, Qatar, November 30, 2015
LinkTrunk of fan palm (Washingtonia filifera or may be robusta) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkDesert fan palm (Washingtonia filifera or may be robusta) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkUpper area of a trunk of desert fan palm (Washingtonia filifera or may be robusta) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkBark pattern of desert fan palm (Washingtonia filifera or may be robusta) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016

LXXVII. Commelinaceae    Spiderwort Family 

1. Commelina benghalensis L.

(Commelina acuminata, Commelina canescens, Commelina cavaleriei, Commelina cucullata, Commelina delicatula, Commelina hirsuta, Commelina kilimandscharica, Commelina mollis, Commelina nervosa, Commelina obscura, Commelina poligama, Commelina procurrens, Commelina prostrata, Commelina pyrrhoblepharis, Commelina radiciflora, Commelina rhizocarpa, Commelina rufociliata, Commelina saltiana, Commelina senegalensis, Commelina turbinata, Commelina uncata, Commelina villosiuscula)

Common names: Benghal dayflower, Ibreeq al faki, tropical spiderwort

Extract from Wikipedia article: Commelina benghalensis, commonly known as the Benghal dayflower, tropical spiderwort, or wandering Jew, kanshira in Bengali, is a perennial herb native to tropical Asia and Africa. It has been widely introduced to areas outside its native range, including to the neotropics, Hawaii, the West Indies and to both coasts of North America. It flowers from spring into the fall and is often associated with disturbed soils.

LinkBenghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) under a palm tree on Al Rabiya Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkNode on a stem of Benghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) on Al Rabiya Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkBlue flower of Benghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) on Al Rabiya Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkBenghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) taken from a shady place under a palm at Al Rabiya Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkBenghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) with boat-shaped bracts taken from Al Rabiya Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkClose up of a blue flower of Benghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) taken from Al Rabiya Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkBenghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) on white background taken from Al Rabiya Street in Al Jebailat area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 7, 2015
LinkBenghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) on a lawn under trees near HSM Villa on Al Eithar Street in Onaiza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 19, 2015
LinkBenghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) taken from a lawn under trees near HSM Villa on Al Eithar Street in Onaiza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2015
LinkBlooming Benghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) taken from a lawn under trees near HSM Villa on Al Eithar Street in Onaiza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2015
LinkFlowers of Benghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) on a lawn in shade near HSM Villa on Al Eithar Street in Onaiza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015
LinkBenghal dayflower (tropical spiderwort, Commelina benghalensis) on a lawn in shade near HSM Villa on Al Eithar Street in Onaiza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, December 1, 2015

2. Tradescantia pallida (Rose) D.R.Hunt

(Setcreasea jaumavensis, Setcreasea lanceolata, Setcreasea pallida, Setcreasea purpurea, Tradescantia purpurea)

Common names: Purple Heart

Extract from Wikipedia article: Tradescantia pallida is a species of spiderwort (a genus of New World plants) more commonly known as wandering jew, a name it shares with the closely related species T. fluminensis and T. zebrina. Other common names include purple secretia, purple-heart, and purple queen. It is native to the Gulf Coast region of eastern Mexico. Edward Palmer was the first European to observe and assign a Latin name to the type specimen near Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas in 1907.

LinkTradescantia pallida (Setcreasea purpurea, Purple Heart) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkPurple Heart (Tradescantia pallida, Setcreasea purpurea) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkTradescantia pallida (Setcreasea purpurea, Purple Heart) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 3, 2016

3. Tradescantia spathacea Sw.

(Ephemerum bicolor, Ephemerum discolor, Rhoeo discolor, Rhoeo spathacea, Tradescantia discolor, Tradescantia versicolor)

Common names: boatlily, Moses-in-the-Cradle

Extract from Wikipedia article: Tradescantia spathacea, the boatlily or Moses-in-the-Cradle, is a herb in the Commelinaceae first described in 1788. It is native to Belize, Guatemala, and southern Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, and the Yucatán Peninsula) but widely cultivated as an ornamental and naturalized in parts of Florida, Texas, Hawaii, and various oceanic islands.

LinkDark red plants of boat lily (Tradescantia spathacea, Rhoeo discolor) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016
LinkDark red rosettes of leaves of boat lily (Tradescantia spathacea, Rhoeo discolor) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, March 21, 2016
LinkBack lit plants of boat lily (Tradescantia spathacea, Rhoeo discolor) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkBoat lily (Tradescantia spathacea, Rhoeo discolor) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, April 26, 2016
LinkBoat lily (Tradescantia spathacea, Rhoeo discolor) in Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016

LXXVIII. Cymodoceaceae    Manatee-grass Family 

1. Halodule uninervis (Forssk.) Boiss.

(Cymodocea australis, Diplanthera indica, Diplanthera madagascariensis, Diplanthera tridentata, Diplanthera uninervis, Halodule australis, Halodule tridentata, Phucagrostis tridentata, Zostera tridentata, Zostera uninervis)

Common names: a'shab bahriya, Hasheesh bahri, narrowleaf seagrass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Halodule uninervis is a species of seagrass native to the western Pacific and Indian Oceans. Common names include narrowleaf seagrass in English and a'shab bahriya in Arabic.

LinkSmall sea snails among linear leaves of narrowleaf seagrass Halodule uninervis in Al Mafyar (Mafjar) area on northern coast (Al Shamal). Qatar, June 27, 2015
LinkLinear leaves of narrowleaf seagrass Halodule uninervis in shallow water in Al Mafyar (Mafjar) area on northern coast (Al Shamal). Qatar, June 27, 2015

LXXIX. Cyperaceae    Sedge Family 

1. Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla

(Reigera maritima, Schoenoplectus maritimus, Scirpus maritimus)

Common names: alkali bulrush, bayonet-grass, purua grass, saltmarsh tuber-bulrush, seaside bulrush

Extract from Wikipedia article: Bolboschoenus maritimus is a species of flowering plant from family Cyperaceae. Common names for this species include sea clubrush, cosmopolitan bulrush, alkali bulrush, saltmarsh bulrush, and bayonet grass. It is found in seaside wetland habitats over much of the world. It is widespread across much of temperate and subtropical Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America and various islands.

LinkAlkali bulrush (Bolboschoenus maritimus) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkSpikelet of alkali bulrush (Bolboschoenus maritimus) in a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan). North-western Qatar, January 16, 2016
LinkFlowers of alkali bulrush (Bolboschoenus maritimus) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkSpikelets of alkali bulrush (Bolboschoenus maritimus) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkPlant of alkali bulrush (Bolboschoenus maritimus) in a silty depression in Al Numan (Naim tribe, Nuaman, Nuaimiya). Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016

2. Cyperus alternifolius L.

(Cyperus frondosus, Cyperus onustus, Eucyperus alternifolius)

Common names: umbrella papyrus, umbrella sedge

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cyperus alternifolius, with the common names of umbrella papyrus, umbrella sedge or umbrella palm, is a grass-like plant in the very large genus Cyperus of the sedge family, Cyperaceae.

LinkUmbrella papyrus (Cyperus alternifolius) on Sahat Al Luqta Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 18, 2015
LinkSeed head of umbrella papyrus (Cyperus alternifolius) taken from Sahat Al Luqta Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 18, 2015
LinkPlant of umbrella papyrus (Cyperus alternifolius) taken from Sahat Al Luqta Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 18, 2015
LinkClose up of umbrella papyrus (Cyperus alternifolius) taken from Sahat Al Luqta Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 18, 2015
LinkHead of umbrella papyrus (Cyperus alternifolius) taken from Sahat Al Luqta Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 18, 2015
LinkUmbrella papyrus (Cyperus alternifolius) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016

3. Cyperus conglomeratus curvulus

(Cyperus curvulus, Cyperus effusus)

Common names: andeb, Cyperus jeminicus, qassis, rasha, saed, Sedge, Thanda, tunda

LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in sands of Jazirat Umm Tays, barrier island at northern tip of Qatar, east from Ruwais, March 24, 2012
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in sands south from Sealine Beach Resort. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 8, 2015
LinkSome grass, probably sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus)(?), growing on a crest of sand dune in Traina Sinkhole (karst depression) AOI 2 north-west of Khor Al Adaid. Southern Qatar, January 23, 2015
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus)(?) growind at the foot of a sand dune in Traina Sinkhole (karst depression) AOI 2 north-west of Khor Al Adaid. Southern Qatar, January 23, 2015
LinkFruits of sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkLarge species of sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkLarge sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkFruits of a large species of sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkClose up of fruits of a large species of sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on roadside of a road to Harrarah. Southern Qatar, March 27, 2015
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkBlooming sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkBlooming sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSpikes of sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkBlooming sedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) on sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in sandy area in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkSedge (Cyperus conglomeratus) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, May 20, 2016

4. Cyperus laevigatus L.

(Acorellus laevigatus, Acorellus pallae, Chlorocyperus junciformis, Chlorocyperus laevigatus, Cyperus careyi, Cyperus cossyrensis, Cyperus incurvus, Cyperus juncellus, Cyperus junciformis, Cyperus lateralis, Cyperus leucostachys, Cyperus maritimus, Cyperus monostachyos, Cyperus mucronatus, Cyperus pleuranthus, Cyperus reptans, Cyperus rivularis, Cyperus roxburghianus, Cyperus roxburghii, Cyperus subaphyllus, Cyperus submonastichyus, Cyperus teretifolius, Cyperus uliginosus, Cyperus viridulus, Juncellus laevigatus, Juncellus lateralis, Pycreus laevigatus, Pycreus lateralis)

Common names: smooth flatsedge

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cyperus laevigatus is a species of sedge known by the common name smooth flatsedge.

LinkClump of smooth flatsedge (Cyperus laevigatus) taken from a spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, October 23, 2015
LinkCompact heads with spikelets growing sideways of smooth flatsedge (Cyperus laevigatus) taken from a spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, October 23, 2015
LinkSmooth flatsedge (Cyperus laevigatus) growing in a desert spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, October 31, 2015
LinkSmooth flatsedge (Cyperus laevigatus) growing in a desert spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkSpikelet of smooth flatsedge (Cyperus laevigatus) growing in a desert spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkSpikelets of smooth flatsedge (Cyperus laevigatus) growing in a desert spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016
LinkMasses of smooth flatsedge (Cyperus laevigatus) growing in a desert spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016

5. Cyperus rotundus L.

(Chlorocyperus rotundus, Chlorocyperus salaamensis, Cyperus agrestis, Cyperus arabicus, Cyperus badius, Cyperus bicolor, Cyperus bifax, Cyperus bulbosostoloniferus, Cyperus comosus, Cyperus disruptus, Cyperus elongatus, Cyperus herbicavus, Cyperus hexastachyos, Cyperus hildra, Cyperus hydra, Cyperus inconspicuus, Cyperus laevissimus, Cyperus leptostachyus, Cyperus longus, Cyperus merkeri, Cyperus micreilema, Cyperus nubicus, Cyperus ochreoides, Cyperus officinalis, Cyperus oliganthus, Cyperus olivaris, Cyperus pallescens, Cyperus patulus, Cyperus platystachys, Cyperus procerulus, Cyperus proteinolepis, Cyperus pseudovariegatus, Cyperus purpureovariegatus, Cyperus radicosus, Cyperus retzii, Cyperus rubicundus, Cyperus rudioi, Cyperus stoloniferus, Cyperus taylorii, Cyperus tenuifolius, Cyperus tetrastachyos, Cyperus tuberosus, Cyperus viridis, Cyperus weinlandii, Cyperus yoshinagae, Pycreus rotundus, Schoenus tuberosus)

Common names: coco-grass, Java grass, Khmer kravanh chruk, nut grass, purple nut sedge, red nut sedge, Saed

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cyperus rotundus (coco-grass, Java grass, nut grass, purple nut sedge, red nut sedge, Khmer kravanh chruk) is a species of sedge (Cyperaceae) native to Africa, southern and central Europe (north to France and Austria), and southern Asia. The word cyperus derives from the Greek κύπερος, kyperos, and rotundus is from Latin, meaning "round". The earliest attested form of the word cyperus is the Mycenaean Greek , ku-pa-ro, written in Linear B syllabic script.

LinkPurple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus)(?) near Ezdan Hotel in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 29, 2014
LinkPurple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus) at entrance of Film City in Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkPurple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus) taken from Onanza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, January 5, 2015
LinkPurple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus) grown on a lawn in Al Shamal City Park. Ruwais, Northern Qatar, November 20, 2015
LinkPurple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus) from Dahl Al Hamam Park at Al Markhiya Street. Doha, Qatar, May 30, 2016

LXXX. Hydrocharitaceae    Tape-grass Family 

1. Halophila ovalis (R.Br.) Hook.f.

(Caulinia ovalis, Halophila johnsonii, Kernera ovalis)

Common names: Ashab bahriya, Dugong Grass, Hasheesh bahri, Paddle weed, Sea Wrack, Spoon seagrass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Halophila ovalis is a seagrass in the family Hydrocharitaceae, a common name is paddle weed. It is a small herbaceous plant that occurs in sea beds and other saltwater environments.

LinkSpoon seagrass (Paddle weed, Halophila ovalis) extracted from water in area of Ras Al Noof near Al Khor. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkBack lit Spoon seagrass (Paddle weed, Halophila ovalis) extracted from water in area of Ras Al Noof near Al Khor. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkLeaf of Spoon seagrass (Paddle weed, Halophila ovalis) extracted from water in area of Ras Al Noof near Al Khor. Qatar, April 18, 2014

2. Halophila stipulacea (Forssk.) Asch.

(Barkania bullata, Barkania stipulacea, Halophila balfourii, Halophila madagascariensis, Thalassia bullata, Thalassia stipulacea, Zostera bullata, Zostera stipulacea)

Common names: Ashab bahriya, Broadleaf seagrass, Hasheesh bahri

LinkDry papery stripes of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) near salt marsh in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, March 1, 2010
LinkPairs of leaves distributed on petioles along a rhizome of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) extracted from water in area of Ras Al Noof near Al Khor. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkSerrated leaves of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) extracted from water in area of Ras Al Noof near Al Khor. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkBack lit leaves of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) extracted from water in area of Ras Al Noof near Al Khor. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkBunch of leaves of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) extracted from water in area of Ras Al Noof near Al Khor. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkBack lit leaves of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) taken from Al Khor. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkPairs of leaves distributed on petioles along a rhizome of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkSeagrass (Halophila stipulacea) in Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, October 9, 2014
LinkLeaves of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkLeaves of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) with white backgrouns on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015
LinkBack lit leaves of seagrass (Halophila stipulacea) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 9, 2015

3. Najas marina L.

Common names: brittle naiad, bushy pondweed, marine naiad, spiny naiad, water-nymph

Extract from Wikipedia article: Najas marina is a species of aquatic plant known by the common names spiny water nymph and holly-leaved naiad. It is an extremely widespread species, reported across Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas and many oceanic islands. It can be found in many types of freshwater and brackish aquatic habitat, including bodies of alkaline water.

LinkBrittle naiad aquatic plant (Najas marina) submerged in Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkBrittle naiad aquatic plant (Najas marina) extracted from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkToothed leaves of brittle naiad aquatic plant (Najas marina) extracted from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkToothed leaves of brittle naiad aquatic plant (Najas marina) with serrate edges taken from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkBrittle naiad aquatic plant (Najas marina) with roots taken from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkBrittle naiad aquatic plant (Najas marina) on dark background taken from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkToothed leaves of brittle naiad aquatic plant (Najas marina) on dark background taken from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkSpiny leaves of brittle naiad aquatic plant (Najas marina) from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkDried aquatic plants of brittle naiad (Najas marina) in caked mud of Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkDried aquatic plants of brittle naiad (Najas marina) on muddy bottom of Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkDying aquatic plant of brittle naiad (Najas marina) in Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkHabitat of aquatic plant Brittle naiad (Najas marina) in a pond near the entrance of Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkAquatic plant Brittle naiad (Najas marina) taken from a pond near the entrance of Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkClose up of aquatic plant Brittle naiad (Najas marina) taken from a pond near the entrance of Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015

LXXXI. Juncaceae    Rush Family 

1. Juncus rigidus Desf.

(Juncus arabicus, Juncus maritimus, Juncus nevskii, Juncus procerus)

Common names: assal, hard sea rush, rasha, tanda

LinkBlooming rush (Juncus rigidus) in a salt marsh near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkRush (Juncus rigidus) in a salt marsh near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkSeeds (nutlets) of rush (Juncus rigidus) taken from a salt marsh near Fuwairit in northern Qatar, September 20, 2014
LinkBlooming rush (Juncus rigidus) in a salt marsh near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkRush (Juncus rigidus) with flowers in a salt marsh near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, April 17, 2015
LinkRush (Juncus rigidus) in a salt marsh near Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkRush (Juncus rigidus) near French Beach (42 km Beach) in Marouna, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkRush (Juncus rigidus) on salt marsh in Luwaima and Ras Al Qawar north from Al Thakhira. Qatar, June 18, 2016
LinkRush (Juncus rigidus) with flowers in windblown sand in Luwaima and Ras Al Qawar north from Al Thakhira. Qatar, June 18, 2016

LXXXII. Liliaceae    Lily Family 

1. Agave americana L.

(Agave spectabilis, Aloe americana)

Common names: century plant, sabbar

My notes: Likely to be a different species, A. angustifolia or Agave sisalana.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Agave americana, common names century plant, maguey or American aloe, is a species of flowering plant in the family Agavaceae, originally native to Mexico, Arizona and Texas but cultivated worldwide as an ornamental plant. It has become naturalized in many regions including the West Indies, parts of South America, the Mediterranean Basin, parts of Africa, India, China, Korea, Thailand, New Zealand, Australia and an assortment of oceanic islands.

LinkMexican agaves (Agave americana) near back entrance of Texas A and M University in Education City campus. Doha, Qatar, March 26, 2014
LinkBlooming Mexican agaves (Agave americana) near back entrance of Texas A and M University in Education City campus. Doha, Qatar, March 26, 2014
LinkBlooming century plants (Agave americana) near back entrance of Texas A and M University in Education City campus. Doha, Qatar, March 26, 2014
LinkBulbils of century plant (Agave americana) near Majlis Al Taawon Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 19, 2014
LinkMexican agave (Agave americana) in a park at Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2016

2. Dipcadi erythraeum Webb & Berthel.

(Dipcadi unicolor, Ornithogalum erythraeum, Uropetalon erythraeum, Uropetalon unicolor)

Common names: ansel, besailemo, bessail al maa, Brown Lily, busalamo, Hyacinthus serotinus, mesailemo, miSelmow

LinkBlack seeds of Brown Lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, local name Mesielmo). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkFlower bud of Brown Lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, local names mesailemo, besailemo) in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkBrown lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, local names mesailemo, besailemo) with flower buds on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkFlower buds of Brown lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, local names mesailemo, besailemo) on sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh in south-western Qatar, February 7, 2014
LinkMaroon flowers of Brown Lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, Hyacinthus serotinus, local names mesailemo, besailemo) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBlooming Brown Lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, Hyacinthus serotinus, local names mesailemo, besailemo) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkSeeds of Brown Lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, Hyacinthus serotinus, local names mesailemo, besailemo) near a road to Saudi Arabia in southern Qatar, February 11, 2014
LinkBrown lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, local names mesailemo, besailemo) on roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkFlowers of brown lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, local names mesailemo, besailemo) on roadside south from Ras Laffan. North-eastern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkInflorescence of brown lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, local names mesailemo, besailemo) on a plane of Rawdat Jarra north-east from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkBrown Lily (Dipcadi erythraeum, local names mesailemo, besailemo) with fruits on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkFruits of Brown Lily (Dipcadi erythraeum taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Qatar, March 4, 2016

LXXXIII. Poaceae    Grass Family 

1. Aeluropus lagopoides (L.) Thwaites

(Aeluropus bombycinus, Aeluropus brevifolius, Aeluropus concinnus, Aeluropus erythraeus, Aeluropus laevis, Aeluropus lagopodioides, Aeluropus littoralis, Aeluropus longispicatus, Aeluropus massauensis, Aeluropus mucronatus, Aeluropus niliacus, Aeluropus niloticus, Aeluropus pubescens, Aeluropus repens, Aeluropus sinaicus, Aeluropus villosus, Aira lagopoides, Calotheca massauensis, Calotheca niliaca, Calotheca repens, Coelachyrum indicum, Dactylis bombycina, Dactylis brevifolia, Dactylis cynosuroides, Dactylis heterophylla, Dactylis lagopodioides, Dactylis lagopoides, Dactylis massauensis, Dactylis repens, Distichlis sudanensis, Eleusine brevifolia, Eragrostis brevifolia, Festuca prostrata, Koeleria brevifolia, Koeleria lagopoides, Melica reptans, Milium maritimum, Poa brevifolia, Poa lagopoides, Poa maritima, Poa massauensis, Poa pungens, Poa ramosa, Poa repens, Poa tunetana, Sesleria brevifolia, Sesleria lagopoides)

Common names: Aeluropus villosis, ikrish, Kameela

LinkAeluropus lagopoides grass taken from Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 16, 2014
LinkHalophytic grass Aeluropus lagopoides taken from Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 16, 2014
LinkMat of common salt grass (Aeluropus lagopoides) near leaking water pipes on Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 5, 2014
LinkCommon salt grass (Aeluropus lagopoides) in sand on roadside in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, April 25, 2015
LinkMat of common salt grass (Aeluropus lagopoides) on roadside of Salwa Road in Abu Samra, near the border. Southern Qatar, October 16, 2015
LinkCommon salt grass (Aeluropus lagopoides) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkCommon salt grass (Aeluropus lagopoides) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, May 20, 2016
LinkCommon salt grass (Aeluropus lagopoides) in sandy area in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, May 20, 2016
LinkCommon salt grass (Aeluropus lagopoides) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016
LinkCommon salt grass (Aeluropus lagopoides) with spikelets on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, May 28, 2016

2. Aeluropus littoralis (Gouan) Parl.

(Aeluropus hirsutus, Aeluropus intermedius, Aeluropus korshinskyi, Aeluropus laevis, Aeluropus micrantherus, Aeluropus pungens, Aeluropus sinensis, Agrostis pungens, Calotheca littoralis, Chamaedactylis maritima, Dactylis distichophylla, Dactylis littoralis, Dactylis maritima, Festuca littoralis, Koeleria littoralis, Melica littoralis, Poa littoralis, Poa pungens, Triticum supinum)

Common names: ikrish, Indian walnut

My notes: Likely to be the same as Aeluropus lagopoides.

LinkMat of Indian walnut (Aeluropus littoralis) in a silty depression in Al Nuaman (Naim tribe, Nuaimiya) near Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 28, 2015
LinkSalt tolerant gras Aeluropus littoralis(?) taken from salt marsh near Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, June 20, 2015
LinkSalt tolerant gras Aeluropus littoralis(?) taken from a silty depression near Al Nuaman (Numan) in north-western Qatar, September 12, 2015

3. Avena sterilis ludoviciana (Durieu) Gillet & Magne

(Avena abyssinica, Avena fatua, Avena ludoviciana, Avena macrocalyx, Avena melillensis, Avena persica, Avena sativa, Avena trichophylla)

Common names: Animated oat, Shofan barri, Sterile oat, Wild oat, Wild red oat, Winter wild oat

Extract from Wikipedia article: Avena sterilis (Animated oat, Sterile oat, Wild oat, Wild red oat, Winter wild oat; syn. Avena ludoviciana Durieu; Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana (Durieu) Gillet & Magne in Federal Noxious Weed Disseminules of the U.S.) is a species of grass weed, and its seeds are edible.

LinkWild oat (Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana) taken from area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 4, 2015
LinkSpikelet of winter wild oat (Avena sterilis) taken from area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 4, 2015
LinkClose up of flowers of winter wild oat (Avena sterilis) taken from area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, March 4, 2015

4. Brachiaria eminii (Mez) Robyns

(Brachiaria bequaertii, Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Panicum eminii, Urochloa decumbens, Urochloa eminii, Urochloa ruziziensis)

Common names: basilisk signal grass, Surinam grass

LinkHairy flower spikelet of basilisk signal grass (Brachiaria eminii, Brachiaria decumbens, Urochloa decumbens) with yellow anthers on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, June 5, 2015
LinkBasilisk signal grass (Brachiaria eminii, Brachiaria decumbens, Urochloa decumbens) with yellow anthers on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015

5. Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P.Beauv.

(Agropyron distachyon, Brachypodium annuum, Brachypodium asperum, Brachypodium brevisetum, Brachypodium ciliatum, Brachypodium geniculatum, Brachypodium macrostachyum, Brachypodium megastachyum, Brachypodium monostachyum, Brachypodium paui, Brachypodium pentastachyum, Brachypodium phoenicoides, Brachypodium platystachyum, Brachypodium polystachyum, Brachypodium rigidum, Brachypodium schimperi, Brachypodium subtile, Bromus buxbaumii, Bromus ciliatus, Bromus distachyos, Bromus geniculatus, Bromus monostachyus, Bromus paradoxus, Bromus pentastachyus, Bromus platystachyus, Festuca breviseta, Festuca diandra, Festuca distachya, Festuca monostachia, Festuca monostachya, Festuca pentastachya, Festuca pseudistachya, Festuca rigens, Festuca rigida, Festuca rigidoaspera, Festuca schimperi, Festuca subtilis, Festuca tauschii, Secale bromoides, Trachynia distachya, Trachynia pentastachya, Trachynia platystachya, Trachynia rigida, Triticum asperrimum, Triticum asperum, Triticum brevisetum, Triticum ciliatum, Triticum distachyon, Triticum distertum, Triticum flabellatum, Triticum geniculatum, Triticum maritimum, Triticum monostachyum, Triticum polystachyum, Triticum schimperi, Triticum subtile, Triticum tenue, Zerna distachyos)

Common names: purple false brome

Extract from Wikipedia article: Brachypodium distachyon, commonly called purple false brome, is a grass species native to southern Europe, northern Africa and southwestern Asia east to India. It is related to the major cereal grain species wheat, barley, oats, maize, rice, rye, sorghum, and millet. It has many qualities that make it an excellent model organism for functional genomics research in temperate grasses, cereals, and dedicated biofuel crops such as switchgrass. These attributes include small genome (~270 Mbp) diploid accessions, a series of polyploid accessions, a small physical stature, self-fertility, a short lifecycle, simple growth requirements, and an efficient transformation system. The genome of Brachypodium distachyon (diploid inbred line Bd21) has been sequenced and published in Nature in 2010.

LinkSpikelets of purple false brome grass (Brachypodium distachyon)(?) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014

6. Cenchrus echinatus L.

(Cenchrus brevisetus, Cenchrus cavanillesii, Cenchrus crinitus, Cenchrus hillebrandianus, Cenchrus insularis, Cenchrus lechleri, Cenchrus macrocarpus, Cenchrus pungens, Panicastrella muricata)

Common names: Mossman River grass, Southern sandbur grass, Spiny sandbur

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cenchrus echinatus is a species of grass known by the common names southern sandbur, spiny sandbur, southern sandspur, and in Australia, Mossman River grass. It is native to North and South America.

LinkSpike of southern sandbur grass (Cenchrus echinatus) near Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 5, 2014
LinkSouthern sandbur grass (Cenchrus echinatus) near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 5, 2014
LinkSpikelet of southern sandbur grass (Cenchrus echinatus) on Al Muhandiseen Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkClose up of a spikelet of southern sandbur grass (Cenchrus echinatus) on Al Muhandiseen Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkSouthern sandbur grass (Cenchrus echinatus) taken from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, February 19, 2015
LinkSouthern sandbur grass (Cenchrus echinatus) taken from Makkah Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 15, 2016

7. Cenchrus pennisetiformis Steud.

(Cenchrus aequiglumis, Cenchrus ciliaris, Cenchrus digynus, Cenchrus echinoides, Cenchrus lappaceus, Cenchrus rigidifolius, Pennisetum cenchroides, Pennisetum ciliare, Pennisetum pennisetiforme)

Common names: African foxtail grass, lidder, sabaT, slender buffel grass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cenchrus pennisetiformis, commonly known in Australia as the Cloncurry, white or slender buffel grass, is a species of grass in the genus Cenchrus. It is native to parts of East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent, and has been introduced to some other parts of the world as a drought-tolerant forage crop.

LinkAfrican foxtail grass (buffelgrass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) on the border of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. South-western Qatar, March 29, 2014
LinkBuffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkSoft spike of buffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkClose up of a soft spike of buffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkBuffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) on Al Muhandiseen Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkSpikelet of Buffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) on Al Muhandiseen Street near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 6, 2014
LinkBuffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) at entrance of Ras Abrouq Peninsula near Zekreet. Qatar, November 14, 2014
LinkBuffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkBuffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) with a stone fence background in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkBuffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) taken from Onaiza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 9, 2015
LinkSpikelet of buffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) taken from Onaiza area near West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 9, 2015
LinkBuffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) on roadside of Dukhan Highway near Al Shakhaniya. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkAfrican foxtail grass (buffelgrass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpike of African foxtail grass (buffelgrass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkYoung spike of African foxtail grass (buffelgrass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkClose up of a spike of African foxtail grass (buffelgrass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkAfrican foxtail grass (buffelgrass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis) in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkAfrican foxtail grass (buffelgrass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis)(?) taken from Makkah Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 15, 2016
LinkBuffelgrass (African foxtail grass, Cenchrus pennisetiformis)(?) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016

8. Centropodia forsskalii (Vahl) Cope

(Asthenatherum forskalii, Avena forsskalii, Danthonia forsskalii)

Common names: Hajeen, Qasbaa

LinkSword-leaved helleborine grass (Centropodia forsskalii) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkClose up of sword-leaved helleborine grass (Centropodia forsskalii) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkSword-leaved helleborine grass (Centropodia forsskalii) on sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkSword-leaved helleborine grass (Centropodia forsskalii) against blue sky on sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkSpikes of sword-leaved helleborine grass (Centropodia forsskalii) taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkClose up of spikes of sword-leaved helleborine grass (Centropodia forsskalii) taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkRoots of sword-leaved helleborine grass (Centropodia forsskalii) with sand taken from Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkSword-leaved helleborine grass (Centropodia forsskalii) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkDry sword-leaved helleborine grass (Centropodia forsskalii) on roadside in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, June 10, 2016

9. Centropodia fragilis (Guinet & Sauvage) Cope

(Asthenatherum forskalii, Asthenatherum fragile, Danthonia fragilis)

Common names: Gasaba

LinkCentropodia fragilis grass growing on sand mounds near Inland Sea Road. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkClose up of a spike of Centropodia fragilis grass growing on sand mounds near Inland Sea Road. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014

10. Chloris gayana Kunth

(Chloris abyssinica, Chloris glabrata, Chloris multiradiata, Chloris repens, Eustachys gayana)

Common names: Rhodes grass

My notes: It may be the same as Eleusine indica.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Chloris gayana is a species of grass known by the common name Rhodes grass. It is native to Africa but it can be found throughout the tropical and subtropical world as a naturalized species.

LinkRhodes grass (Chloris gayana) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkRhodes grass (Chloris gayana) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkRhodes grass (Chloris gayana) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkRhodes grass (Chloris gayana) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkRhodes grass (Chloris gayana) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015

11. Chloris virgata Sw.

(Agrostomia barbata, Chloris alba, Chloris albertii, Chloris barbata, Chloris brachystachys, Chloris caudata, Chloris compressa, Chloris decora, Chloris gabrielae, Chloris madagascariensis, Chloris multiradiata, Chloris notocoma, Chloris penicillata, Chloris polydactyla, Chloris pubescens, Chloris rogeonii, Chloris tetrastachys, Chloris tibestica, Heterolepis elegans, Rabdochloa virgata)

Common names: feather windmillgrass, finger grass, khazamzam, sineim

Extract from Wikipedia article: Chloris virgata is a species of grass known by the common names feather fingergrass and feather windmillgrass. It is native to many of the warmer temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions of the world, including parts of Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas, and it is present in many other areas as a naturalized species, including Hawaii, Australia, and the Canary Islands.

LinkFinger grass (feather windmillgrass, Chloris virgata) on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkFinger grass (Chloris virgata) with red aphids on Al Sham Street in area of West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 11, 2014
LinkFinger grass (Chloris virgata) collected from Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, September 8, 2014
LinkFinger grass (Chloris virgata) taken from Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015
LinkFinger grass (Chloris virgata) on white background taken from Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015
LinkFinger grass (Chloris virgata) on dark background taken from Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015
LinkSpikelet of finger grass (Chloris virgata) taken from Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 20, 2015

12. Chrysopogon plumulosus Hochst.

(Andropogon aristidoides, Andropogon aucheri, Andropogon quinqueplumis, Aristida chrysopila, Chrysopogon aucheri, Chrysopogon quinqueplumis)

Common names: gharaz, halta

LinkGrass of Chrysopogon plumulosus in roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkGrass of Chrysopogon plumulosus on white background in roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkGrass of Chrysopogon plumulosus on windy day in roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkClump of grass of Chrysopogon plumulosus on windy day in roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkClose up of grass of Chrysopogon plumulosus taken from roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkChrysopogon plumulosus on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2016
LinkSpikelets of Chrysopogon plumulosus on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2016
LinkGrass Chrysopogon plumulosus taken from roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2016
LinkSpikelets of grass Chrysopogon plumulosus taken from roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, January 30, 2016
LinkChrysopogon plumulosus on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, February 5, 2016
LinkGrass of Chrysopogon plumulosus in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpikelets of grass Chrysopogon plumulosus near Sawda Natheel Road. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSpikelets of grass Chrysopogon plumulosus on dark background near Sawda Natheel Road. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSpikelets of grass Chrysopogon plumulosus on white background near Sawda Natheel Road. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkGrass of Chrysopogon plumulosus in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkBlooming grass Chrysopogon plumulosus in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkNodding spikes of grass Chrysopogon plumulosus in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkOpened spikelets of grass Chrysopogon plumulosus taken from a depression near Al Zubara Road in northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkGrass Chrysopogon plumulosus(?) on sand dunes near the spring in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkGrass of Chrysopogon plumulosus in a runnel near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkChrysopogon plumulosus grass on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016
LinkGrass Chrysopogon plumulosus(?) on sand in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, May 20, 2016

13. Cutandia memphitica (Spreng.) Benth.

(Cutandia dichotoma, Cutandia scleropoides, Dactylis memphitica, Festuca caspica, Festuca divaricata, Festuca memphitica, Sclerochloa memphitica, Scleropoa caspica, Scleropoa memphitica)

Common names: Memphis grass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cutandia is a genus of Asian and Mediterranean plants in the grass family. It is native to lands extending from Portugal and Cape Verde to Pakistan and Kazakhstan.

LinkYoung grass Cutandia memphitica on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkGrass of Cutandia memphitica in sand on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, January 29, 2016
LinkYoung spike of grass Cutandia memphitica on dunes south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkSpikes of grass Cutandia memphitica on dunes south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkGrass Cutandia memphitica in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSpikelets of grass Cutandia memphitica in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkClose up of grass Cutandia memphitica in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkGrass Cutandia memphitica in sand on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSpike of grass Cutandia memphitica in dew on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkGrass Cutandia memphitica in sand on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkClose up of grass Cutandia memphitica on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkCutandia memphitica grass on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkGrass of Cutandia memphitica on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkCutandia memphitica grass on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

14. Cymbopogon commutatus (Steud.) Stapf

(Andropogon commutatus, Andropogon flavicundus, Andropogon floccosus, Cymbopogon divaricatus, Cymbopogon floccosus, Cymbopogon parkeri, Gymnanthelia commutata, Sorghum commutatum)

Common names: Askhabar, incense grass, Sakhbar

LinkCymbopogon commutatus grass on a roadside of a road to Zubara. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkGrass spikes of Cymbopogon commutatus taken from roadside of a road to Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkGrass of Cymbopogon commutatus on white background taken from roadside of a road to Zubara. Northern Qatar, March 6, 2015
LinkGrass of Cymbopogon commutatus taken from roadside of a road to Zubara in Northern Qatar, March 20, 2015
LinkClump of grass Cymbopogon commutatus on roadside near Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkGrass of Cymbopogon commutatus in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 26, 2016

15. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

(Agrostis bermudiana, Agrostis filiformis, Agrostis linearis, Agrostis stellata, Capriola dactylon, Chloris cynodon, Chloris maritima, Chloris paytensis, Cynodon affinis, Cynodon aristiglumis, Cynodon aristulatus, Cynodon barberi, Cynodon decipiens, Cynodon distichloides, Cynodon erectus, Cynodon glabratus, Cynodon grandispiculus, Cynodon hirsutissimus, Cynodon iraquensis, Cynodon laeviglumis, Cynodon linearis, Cynodon maritimus, Cynodon mucronatus, Cynodon nitidus, Cynodon occidentalis, Cynodon pascuus, Cynodon pedicellatus, Cynodon polevansii, Cynodon portoricensis, Cynodon repens, Cynodon sarmentosus, Cynodon scabrifolius, Cynodon stellatus, Cynodon tenuis, Cynodon umbellatus, Cynosurus dactylon, Cynosurus uniflorus, Dactilon officinale, Dactylus officinalis, Digitaria ambigua, Digitaria dactylon, Digitaria glumaepatula, Digitaria glumipatula, Digitaria linearis, Digitaria littoralis, Digitaria maritima, Digitaria stolonifera, Fibichia dactylon, Fibichia umbellata, Milium dactylon, Panicum ambiguum, Panicum dactylon, Panicum glumipatulum, Panicum lineare, Paspalum ambiguum, Paspalum dactylon, Paspalum umbellatum, Phleum dactylon, Syntherisma linearis, Vilfa linearis, Vilfa stellata)

Common names: arugampul, Bahama grass, Bermuda grass, Dhoob, dubo, grama, najeel, najm, scutch grass, thayyil, theel

Extract from Wikipedia article: Cynodon dactylon, also known as dūrvā grass, Dhoob, Bermuda grass, dubo, dog's tooth grass, Bahama grass, devil's grass, couch grass, Indian doab, arugampul, grama, and scutch grass, is a grass that originated in the Middle East. Although it is not native to Bermuda, it is an abundant invasive species there. It is presumed to have arrived in North America from Bermuda, resulting in its common name.

LinkBermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015

16. Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd.

(Aegilops saccharina, Cenchrus aegyptius, Cenchrus mucronatus, Chloris guineensis, Chloris mucronata, Chloris prostrata, Ctenium nukaviense, Cynosurus aegyptiacus, Cynosurus aegyptius, Cynosurus carolinianus, Cynosurus cavara, Cynosurus ciliaris, Cynosurus distachyos, Cynosurus macara, Dactyloctenium aegyptiacum, Dactyloctenium aegyptius, Dactyloctenium ciliare, Dactyloctenium distachyum, Dactyloctenium figarei, Dactyloctenium meridionale, Dactyloctenium mpuetense, Dactyloctenium mucronatum, Dactyloctenium prostratum, Eleusine aegyptia, Eleusine ciliata, Eleusine cruciata, Eleusine egyptia, Eleusine pectinata, Eleusine prostrata, Rabdochloa mucronata, Syntherisma aegyptiaca)

Common names: Egyptian crowfoot grass, naeem al saleeb, Najm, rijl al hurbaiya

Extract from Wikipedia article: Dactyloctenium aegyptium, or Egyptian crowfoot grass is a member of the family Poaceae native in Africa. The plant mostly grows in heavy soils at damp sites. It is known as "පු‍ටු තණ - putu thana" by local Sri Lankaan people.

LinkEgyptian crowfoot grass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkReddish-brown spikelets of Egyptian crowfoot grass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkEgyptian crowfoot grass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkSpikelet of Egyptian crowfoot grass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015

17. Dactyloctenium aristatum Link

(Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Dactyloctenium glaucophyllum, Dactyloctenium seminipunctatum)

Common names: Najm

LinkGrass Dactyloctenium aristatum (local name Najm) taken from Al Istiqlal Street Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkGrass Dactyloctenium aristatum (local name Najm) on dark background taken from Al Istiqlal Street Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkSpikelets of Dactyloctenium aristatum grass (local name Najm) taken from Al Istiqlal Street Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015

18. Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf

(Andropogon annulatus, Andropogon comosus, Andropogon garipensis, Andropogon nodosus, Andropogon obtusus, Andropogon scandens, Bothriochloa tuberculata, Dichanthium nodosum, Gymnandropogon annulatus, Lepeocercis annulata, Sorghum annulatum)

Common names: Delhi grass, Diaz bluestem, Hindi grass, humeira, jargu grass, Kleberg bluestem, marvel grass, ringed dichanthium, sheda grass, vuda bluegrass, zamzam

Extract from Wikipedia article: Dichanthium annulatum is a species of grass. It is commonly used as a forage for livestock.

LinkBlooming Hindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkClose up of a spikelet of Hindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkSpikelet of Hindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkFlowering Hindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkHindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkSpikes of Hindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkClose up of Hindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkSpike of Hindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkSpike of Hindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) on white background taken from Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkClose up of a spike of Hindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) on white background taken from Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, February 25, 2016
LinkHindi grass (Diaz bluestem, Dichanthium annulatum) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

19. Dichanthium foveolatum (Delile) Roberty

(Andropogon foveolatus, Andropogon monostachyus, Andropogon orthos, Andropogon strictus, Cymbopogon strictus, Eremopogon foveolatus, Eremopogon strictus, Hypogynium foveolatum, Meoschium monostachys, Sorghum foveolatum)

Common names: halta

LinkGrass Dichanthium foveolatum on a slope of a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkClump of grass Dichanthium foveolatum on roadside near Ras Laffan Farms. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkGrass Dichanthium foveolatum taken from Makkah Street in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 15, 2016
LinkGrass Dichanthium foveolatum near a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016

20. Digitaria bicornis (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.

(Digitaria barbata, Digitaria barbulata, Digitaria biformis, Digitaria commutata, Digitaria corymbosa, Digitaria diversiflora, Digitaria nuda, Digitaria queenslandica, Digitaria rottleri, Digitaria sanguinalis, Digitaria setigera, Panicum adpressum, Panicum aegyptiacum, Panicum appressum, Panicum barbatum, Panicum bicorne, Panicum biforme, Panicum ciliare, Panicum commutatum, Panicum glaucescens, Panicum macrostachyum, Panicum neesii, Panicum sanguinale, Paspalum bicorne, Paspalum sanguinale, Syntherisma barbata)

Common names: Asian crabgrass

My notes: May be the same as Chloris virgata.

LinkAsian crabgrass (Digitaria bicornis) taken near Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 3, 2015
LinkGrass spikelet of Asian crabgrass (Digitaria bicornis) taken near Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 3, 2015
LinkGrass spikelet of Asian crabgrass (Digitaria bicornis) on white background taken near Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 3, 2015
LinkGrass spikelet of Asian crabgrass (Digitaria bicornis) on dark background taken near Al Sham Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 3, 2015

21. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.

(Asperella digitaria, Cynodon praecox, Dactilon sanguinale, Digitaria aegyptiaca, Digitaria australis, Digitaria caucasica, Digitaria ciliaris, Digitaria eriogona, Digitaria gracilis, Digitaria intermedia, Digitaria nealleyi, Digitaria nervosa, Digitaria panicea, Digitaria pectiniformis, Digitaria pilosa, Digitaria plebeia, Digitaria praecox, Digitaria sabulosa, Digitaria sanguinaria, Digitaria sanguinea, Digitaria sanguinolenta, Digitaria sienitica, Digitaria stricta, Digitaria tristachya, Digitaria vulgaris, Leptochloa fascicularis, Milium membranaceum, Panicum aegyptiacum, Panicum aegyptium, Panicum ambiguum, Panicum ciliatum, Panicum eriogonum, Panicum fallax, Panicum gracile, Panicum gussonei, Panicum nervosum, Panicum rottleri, Panicum sanguinale, Panicum sanguineum, Panicum sanguinolentum, Panicum trichostachyum, Paspalum aegyptiacum, Paspalum filiforme, Paspalum sanguinale, Sanguinaria nevenarae, Syntherisma praecox, Syntherisma sanguinalis, Syntherisma vulgaris)

Common names: dafira, hairy crabgrass, Zepheera

Extract from Wikipedia article: Digitaria sanguinalis is a species of grass known by the common name hairy crabgrass or large crabgrass. It is one of the better-known species of crabgrass, and one that is known nearly worldwide as a common weed.

LinkHairy crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) on sidewalk of Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 23, 2014
LinkHairy crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014

22. Echinochloa colona (L.) Link

(Brachiaria longifolia, Digitaria cuspidata, Echinochloa crus-galli, Echinochloa divaricata, Echinochloa equitans, Echinochloa subverticillata, Echinochloa zonalis, Milium colonum, Oplismenus colonus, Oplismenus crus-galli, Oplismenus cuspidatus, Oplismenus daltonii, Oplismenus margaritaceus, Oplismenus muticus, Oplismenus pseudocolonus, Oplismenus repens, Orthopogon dichotomus, Orthopogon subverticillatus, Panicum brachiariaeforme, Panicum brizoides, Panicum caesium, Panicum colonum, Panicum crus-galli, Panicum cumingianum, Panicum cuspidatum, Panicum daltonii, Panicum echinochloa, Panicum equitans, Panicum flaccidum, Panicum geniculatum, Panicum haematodes, Panicum hookeri, Panicum incertum, Panicum margaritaceum, Panicum musei, Panicum numidianum, Panicum petiveri, Panicum prorepens, Panicum pseudocolonum, Panicum tetrastichum, Panicum zonale, Setaria brachiariaeformis)

Common names: abu roukba, awnless barnyard grass, dhifra, dhunaiba, modheidh

Extract from Wikipedia article: Echinochloa colona is a type of wild grass originating from tropical Asia. It was formerly classified as a species of Panicum. It is the wild ancestor of the cultivated cereal crop Echinochloa frumentacea, sawa millet. Some taxonomists treat the two taxa as one species, in which case the domesticated forms may also be referred to as E. colona.

LinkSpikelet of grass Awnless barnyard grass (Echinochloa colona?) in silty depression on roadside of a road from Dukhan to Al Jumayliyah. Western Qatar, March 1, 2014
LinkAwnless barnyard grass (Echinochloa colona, local names dhunaiba, abu roukba) near Al Istiqlal Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, May 5, 2014
LinkAwnless barnyard grass (Echinochloa colona, local names dhunaiba, abu roukba) found in West Bay, in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2014
LinkAwnless barnyard grass (Echinochloa colona) taken from a street in Mesaieed. Qatar, July 10, 2015
LinkAwnless barnyard grass (Echinochloa colona, local names dhunaiba, abu roukba) taken from a street in Mesaieed. Qatar, July 10, 2015

23. Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.

(Agropyron geminatum, Chloris repens, Cynodon indicus, Cynosurus ara, Cynosurus indicus, Cynosurus pectinatus, Eleusine distachya, Eleusine distans, Eleusine domingensis, Eleusine glabra, Eleusine gonantha, Eleusine gouinii, Eleusine inaequalis, Eleusine japonica, Eleusine macrosperma, Eleusine marginata, Eleusine polydactyla, Eleusine rigidifolia, Eleusine scabra, Eleusine textilis, Juncus loureiroana, Leptochloa pectinata, Paspalum dissectum, Poa spicata, Triticum geminatum)

Common names: finger millet, goosegrass

My notes: May be the same as Chloris gayana.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Eleusine indica (Indian goosegrass, wiregrass, crowfootgrass) is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. It is a small annual grass distributed throughout the warmer areas of the world to about 50 degrees latitude. It is an invasive species in some areas.

LinkSpikelet of goosegrass (finger millet, Eleusine indica) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkClose up of goosegrass (finger millet, Eleusine indica) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkInflorescence of goosegrass (finger millet, Eleusine indica) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkGoosegrass (finger millet, Eleusine indica) with a spikelet on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkGoosegrass (finger millet, Eleusine indica) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015

24. Eragrostis barrelieri Daveau

(Eragrostis insulatlantica, Eragrostis panormitana, Eragrostis pooides, Eragrostis vulgaris)

Common names: annual lovegrass, hilagoug

LinkAnnual lovegrass (Eragrostis barrelieri) with visible yellow glands at the nodes on the culm taken from Al Istiqlal Street Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkSpikelets of annual lovegrass (Eragrostis barrelieri) taken from Al Istiqlal Street Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 30, 2015
LinkAnnual lovegrass (Eragrostis barrelieri) taken from Al Istiqlal Street Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, August 19, 2015
LinkAnnual lovegrass (Eragrostis barrelieri) taken from Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, October 19, 2015
LinkAnnual lovegrass (Eragrostis barrelieri) on Ammouriya Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2015
LinkFlower spike of annual lovegrass (Eragrostis barrelieri) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2015
LinkFlowers of annual lovegrass (Eragrostis barrelieri) in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, December 23, 2015
LinkAnnual lovegrass (Eragrostis barrelieri)(?) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkAnnual lovegrass (Eragrostis barrelieri) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016

25. Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Janch.

(Briza eragrostis, Briza megastachya, Briza oblonga, Briza purpurascens, Calotheca purpurascens, Eragrostis argentina, Eragrostis articulata, Eragrostis costata, Eragrostis eragrostis, Eragrostis flexuosa, Eragrostis leersioides, Eragrostis major, Eragrostis megalostachya, Eragrostis megastachya, Eragrostis minor, Eragrostis monodii, Eragrostis multiflora, Eragrostis oblonga, Eragrostis pappiana, Eragrostis pappii, Eragrostis polyadenia, Eragrostis polymorpha, Eragrostis polysperma, Eragrostis pooides, Eragrostis schweinfurthiana, Eragrostis starosselskyi, Eragrostis triticea, Eragrostis virletii, Eragrostis vulgaris, Erosion cilianense, Megastachya eragrostis, Megastachya leersioides, Megastachya oblonga, Megastachya obtusa, Megastachya purpurascens, Megastachya triticea, Poa cachectica, Poa cilianensis, Poa eragrostis, Poa flava, Poa flexuosa, Poa leersioides, Poa megastachya, Poa nuttallii, Poa oblonga, Poa obtusa, Poa pennsylvanica, Poa philadelphica, Poa polymorpha, Poa roxburghiana, Poa tortuosa, Poa triticea)

Common names: candy grass, hiban, Stinkgrass, tiraab

Extract from Wikipedia article: Eragrostis cilianensis is a species of grass known by several common names, including stinkgrass, candy grass, and gray lovegrass.

LinkStinkgrass (candy grass, Eragrostis cilianensis) near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkStinkgrass (candy grass, Eragrostis cilianensis) in area of Uwaynat Bin Husayn (Water Well) near Simaisma. Qatar, April 18, 2014
LinkCandy grass (Eragrostis cilianensis) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpike of candy grass (Eragrostis cilianensis) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpikes of stinkgrass (Eragrostis cilianensis) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpike of candy grass (Eragrostis cilianensis) against blue sky in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkCandy grass (Eragrostis cilianensis) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016

26. Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P.Beauv.

(Catabrosa verticillata, Eragrostis afghanica, Eragrostis amurensis, Eragrostis bagdadensis, Eragrostis baguirmiensis, Eragrostis bicolor, Eragrostis bithynica, Eragrostis collocarpa, Eragrostis damiensiana, Eragrostis filiformis, Eragrostis gracilis, Eragrostis gracillima, Eragrostis imberbis, Eragrostis indica, Eragrostis jeholensis, Eragrostis linkii, Eragrostis multispicula, Eragrostis petersii, Eragrostis punctata, Eragrostis senegalensis, Eragrostis tenuiflora, Eragrostis verticillata, Poa bohemica, Poa chilensis, Poa delicatior, Poa eragrostis, Poa indica, Poa linkii, Poa mexicana, Poa pilosa, Poa plumosa, Poa poiretii, Poa punctata, Poa senegalensis, Poa tenella, Poa tenuiflora, Poa verticillata)

Common names: hairy love grass, Heilagoug, Indian love grass, Jersey lovegrass, small tufted lovegrass, soft lovegrass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Eragrostis pilosa is a species of grass. It is native to Eurasia and Africa. It may or may not be native to North America. It is widely introduced, and it is a common weed in many areas.

LinkIndian love grass (Eragrostis pilosa) in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkIndian love grass (Eragrostis pilosa) on white background taken from a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkIndian love grass (Eragrostis pilosa) on dark background taken from a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkSpikelets of Indian love grass (Eragrostis pilosa) taken from a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkIndian love grass (Eragrostis pilosa) near a water sprinkler in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, March 23, 2016

27. Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.

(Agrostis crinita, Andropogon ophiuroides, Ischaemum ophiuroides)

Common names: centipedegrass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) is a warm season lawn grass that is thick sod forming, uniform growing, and medium to light green colored. It has a coarse texture with short upright stems that grow to about 3-5 inches and spread by stolons.

LinkCreeping centipede grass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) near Majlis Al Taawon Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 19, 2014
LinkShoot of centipede grass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) near Majlis Al Taawon Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, April 19, 2014
LinkCentipede grass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) taken from a park east from Al Khaliji Bank near Majlis Al Taawon Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, June 18, 2015

28. Halopyrum mucronatum (L.) Stapf

(Brachypodium unioloides, Briza mucronata, Desmazeria unioloides, Eragrostis mucronata, Festuca unioloides, Poa triticoides, Uniola mucronata)

Common names: ijlah

LinkHalopyrum mucronatum grass in coastal dunes on beach in Marouna. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkSpikelets of Halopyrum mucronatum grass in coastal dunes on beach in Marouna. Northern Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkSpikelets of Halopyrum mucronatum grass taken from coastal dunes on beach in Marouna. Qatar, December 19, 2014
LinkHalopyrum mucronatum grass on French Beach (42 km Beach) in Marouna, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 19, 2016

29. Hordeum murinum glaucum (Steud.) Tzvelev

(Critesion glaucum, Critesion murinum, Hordeum glaucum, Hordeum imrinum, Hordeum incrinum, Hordeum leporinum, Hordeum stebbinsii)

Common names: false barley, foxtail barley

Extract from Wikipedia article: Hordeum murinum, commonly known as wall barley or false barley, is a species of grass.

LinkSpike of grass false barley (Hordeum murinum) in a depression in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkSpikes of grass false barley (Hordeum murinum) in a depression in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkGrass wall barley (Hordeum murinum) in a depression in Al Harrarah. Qatar, March 4, 2016

30. Hordeum vulgare L.

(Frumentum hordeum, Frumentum sativum, Hordeum aestivum, Hordeum americanum, Hordeum barbaricum, Hordeum bifarium, Hordeum brachyatherum, Hordeum caspicum, Hordeum coeleste, Hordeum daghestanicum, Hordeum defectoides, Hordeum durum, Hordeum elongatum, Hordeum gymnodistichum, Hordeum heterostychon, Hordeum hexastichon, Hordeum hibernaculum, Hordeum hibernans, Hordeum himalayense, Hordeum hirtiusculum, Hordeum horsfordianum, Hordeum ircutianum, Hordeum jarenskianum, Hordeum juliae, Hordeum kalugense, Hordeum karzinianum, Hordeum kiarchanum, Hordeum laevipaleatum, Hordeum lapponicum, Hordeum latum, Hordeum leptostachys, Hordeum macrolepis, Hordeum mandshuricum, Hordeum mandshuroides, Hordeum michalkowii, Hordeum nekludowii, Hordeum nigrum, Hordeum nudum-distichum, Hordeum pamiricum, Hordeum parvum, Hordeum pensanum, Hordeum perversum, Hordeum polystichon, Hordeum praecox, Hordeum pyramidatum, Hordeum revelatum, Hordeum sativum, Hordeum scabriusculum, Hordeum septentrionale, Hordeum stassewitschii, Hordeum strobelense, Hordeum taganrocense, Hordeum tanaiticum, Hordeum tetrastichum, Hordeum transcaucasicum, Hordeum violaceum, Hordeum walpersii, Secale orientale)

Common names: barley, Shaeer

Extract from Wikipedia article: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain. It was one of the first cultivated grains and is now grown widely. Barley grain is a staple in Tibetan cuisine and was eaten widely by peasants in Medieval Europe. Barley has also been used as animal fodder, as a source of fermentable material for beer and certain distilled beverages, and as a component of various health foods. It is used in soups and stews, and in barley bread of various cultures. Barley grains are commonly made into malt in a traditional and ancient method of preparation.

LinkBarley (Hordeum vulgare) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkAwns of barley (Hordeum vulgare) taken from area at the corner of Al Ghadeeriyat and Al Ghafat streets in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkGrains of barley (Hordeum vulgare) taken from area at the corner of Al Ghadeeriyat and Al Ghafat streets in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkSpike of barley (Hordeum vulgare) taken from area at the corner of Al Ghadeeriyat and Al Ghafat streets in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkBarley (Hordeum vulgare) on roadside of Salwa Road. Qatar, March 4, 2016

31. Lasiurus scindicus Henrard

(Coelorachis hirsuta, Elionurus hirsutus, Ischaemum hirsutum, Ischaemum mastrucatum, Lasiurus ecaudatus, Lasiurus hirsutus, Manisuris hirsuta, Rottboellia hirsuta, Saccharum hirsutum, Tripsacum aegilopoides, Tripsacum hirsutum, Triticum aegilopoides)

Common names: Daa, Dahah, Sewan grass

LinkSpikelets of Sewan grass (Lasiurus scindicus) taken from Street 19 in Al Kharaitiyat area. Doha, Qatar, March 5, 2015
LinkSeeds of Sewan grass (Lasiurus scindicus) taken from Street 19 in Al Kharaitiyat area. Doha, Qatar, March 5, 2015
LinkSpikelets of Sewan grass (Lasiurus scindicus) on white background taken from Street 19 in Al Kharaitiyat area. Doha, Qatar, March 5, 2015
LinkSewan grass (Lasiurus scindicus) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, April 11, 2015
LinkFluffy seeds of Sewan grass (Lasiurus scindicus) on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkFluffy seeds of Sewan grass (Lasiurus scindicus) on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016
LinkAccumulation of fluffy seeds of Sewan grass (Lasiurus scindicus) in sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 29, 2016

32. Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth

(Bromus polystachios, Bromus polystachyus, Centotheca malabarica, Digitaria malabarica, Diplachne alba, Diplachne amboensis, Diplachne capensis, Diplachne fusca, Diplachne indica, Diplachne livida, Diplachne malabarica, Diplachne pallida, Diplachne parviflora, Diplachne reptatrix, Diplachne wahlbergii, Eragrostis procera, Festuca brownii, Festuca fusca, Festuca indica, Festuca reptatrix, Hemigymnia malabarica, Leptochloa contracta, Leptochloa ginae, Leptochloa malabarica, Leptochloa neuroglossa, Ottochloa malabarica, Panicum malabaricum, Poa contracta, Poa fusca, Poa malabarica, Poa procera, Poa senegalensis, Syntherisma malabarica, Tridens capensis, Tridens indicus, Triodia ambigua, Triodia capensis, Triodia formosana, Triodia livida, Triodia parviflora, Uralepis alba, Uralepis capensis, Uralepis drummondii, Uralepis fusca, Uralepis livida)

Common names: brown beetle-grass, Malabar sprangletop

LinkInflorescence of Malabar sprangletop (brown beetle-grass, Leptochloa fusca) taken from area of lagoons north from entrance of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkClose up of inflorescence of Malabar sprangletop (brown beetle-grass, Leptochloa fusca) taken from area of lagoons north from entrance of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkInflorescence of Malabar sprangletop (brown beetle-grass, Leptochloa fusca) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkPanicles of Malabar sprangletop (brown beetle-grass, Leptochloa fusca) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkTerminal inflorescence of Malabar sprangletop (brown beetle-grass, Leptochloa fusca) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkMalabar sprangletop (brown beetle-grass, Leptochloa fusca) in shallow water in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkSpikelet of Malabar sprangletop (brown beetle-grass, Leptochloa fusca) in wet place in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016

33. Lolium rigidum Gaudin

(Arthrochortus loliaceus, Crypturus loliaceus, Festuca aleppica, Lolium arenarium, Lolium crassiculme, Lolium cylindricum, Lolium durum, Lolium flagellare, Lolium humile, Lolium husnotii, Lolium lepturoides, Lolium loliaceum, Lolium lowei, Lolium macilentum, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium parabolicae, Lolium perenne, Lolium phoenice, Lolium scholzii, Lolium strictum, Lolium subulatum, Lolium suffultum, Lolium temulentum, Lolium teres, Monerma stricta, Rottboellia loliacea)

Common names: Habaan, rabiya, rigid ryegrass, Shelam, simbil, Zeidan

My notes: Seen only in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms.

LinkRigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkRigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkRaceme-like spike of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSpikes of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) alternatively set on a jointed rachis on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSpikes subtended by leafy spathes of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016

34. Ochthochloa compressa (Forssk.) Hilu

(Cynosurus ternatus, Eleusine arabica, Eleusine caespitosa, Eleusine compressa, Eleusine flagellifera, Eleusine stolonifera, Ochthochloa dactyloides, Panicum compressum)

Common names: hamrah, sineim, wire grass

LinkWire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) on roadside of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpike of wire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) on roadside of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpikelets of wire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) on roadside of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkClose up of spikelets of wire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) on roadside of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpikelets of wire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) taken from roadside of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpikelets of wire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) taken from roadside of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkWire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) with spikes on roadside of Sawda Natheel Road. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkWire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) beside Sawda Natheel Road. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkWire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) in sand on roadside of Sawda Natheel Road. Southern Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkWire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkSpikes of wire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) on periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, March 5, 2016
LinkWire grass (Ochthochloa compressa, local name Hamrah) in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkWire grass (Ochthochloa compressa, local name Hamrah) with spikes in windblown sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkWire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) in a roadside depression near Salwa Road. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkWire grass Ochthochloa compressa (local name Hamrah) in a wadi near Salwa Road, near Mukaynis. Qatar, April 22, 2016

35. Panicum antidotale Retz.

(Chasea prolifera, Milium effusum, Panicum akoense, Panicum brevifolium, Panicum elliottii, Panicum meneri, Panicum miliare, Panicum musciparum, Panicum proliferum, Panicum sparsum, Paspalum miliare)

Common names: blue panicgrass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Panicum antidotale Retz. (Punjabi: ਘਮੂਰ ghamur, English: blue panicgrass) is a tall (up to 3 metres), coarse, woody perennial grass throughout the Himalaya and the Upper Gangetic Plain and specifically in various regions of the Indian state of Punjab and the Pakistan province of Punjab and the neighbouring areas of these regions. The plant has strong spreading rhizomes.

LinkBlue panicgrass (Panicum antidotale) near Zubara exit of Al Shamal Road. Northern Qatar, April 3, 2014
LinkBlue panicgrass (Panicum antidotale) taken from area of water tank on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkClose up of a stalk of blue panicgrass (Panicum antidotale) taken from area of water tank on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkSpikelet of blue panicgrass (Panicum antidotale) taken from area of water tank on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, October 30, 2015
LinkBlue panicgrass (Panicum antidotale) taken from area of water tank on roadside between Mesayeed and Harrarah. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkClose up of spike of blue panicgrass (Panicum antidotale) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 17, 2016
LinkBlue panicgrass (Panicum antidotale) taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 17, 2016
LinkBlue panicgrass (Panicum antidotale) on United Nations Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, February 2, 2016
LinkBlue panicgrass (Panicum antidotale)(?) in a roadside depression near Salwa Road. Qatar, April 22, 2016

36. Panicum coloratum L.

(Milium coloratum, Panicum bossii, Panicum crassipes, Panicum jainii, Panicum nehruense, Panicum simpliciflorum, Panicum subalbidum, Panicum swynnertonii)

Common names: Bambatsi panic, blue panicgrass, coolah grass, kleingrass, makarikari grass, Shawash, white buffalograss

My notes: Found only in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Panicum coloratum is a species of grass known by the common names kleingrass, blue panicgrass (USA), white buffalograss (southern Africa); Bambatsi panic, makarikari grass, and coolah grass (Australia). It is native to Africa, and it has been introduced elsewhere, such as the United States and Australia, and bred into many cultivars.

LinkKleingrass (blue panicgrass, Panicum coloratum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkKleingrass (blue panicgrass, Panicum coloratum) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkSpikelets of kleingrass (blue panicgrass, Panicum coloratum) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkFlowers of Kleingrass (blue panicgrass, Panicum coloratum) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkKleingrass (blue panicgrass, Panicum coloratum)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkCompact stand of Kleingrass (blue panicgrass, Panicum coloratum)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015

37. Panicum turgidum Forssk.

(Panicum frutescens, Panicum neglectum, Panicum nubicum)

Common names: ithmam, thumam

Extract from Wikipedia article: Panicum turgidum is an old world clumping desert bunchgrass of the Panicum genus.

LinkDesert grass Panicum turgidum Forssk. (local name Thummam). Harrarah, 40 miles south-west from Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2010
LinkDesert grass Panicum turgidum (local name Thummam) on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkDesert grass Panicum turgidum (local name Thummam) in sand on roadside of Salwa Road in area of Rawdat Ekdaim. Southern Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkDesert grass Panicum turgidum in area of Nakhsh Mountain near Salwa Road in southern Qatar, May 8, 2015
LinkFlower spikelets of desert grass Panicum turgidum (local name Thummam) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkDesert grass Panicum turgidum in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkDesert grass Panicum turgidum (local name Thummam) in a wadi near Salwa Road, near Mukaynis. Qatar, April 22, 2016
LinkSeeds of desert grass Panicum turgidum (local name Thummam) in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, May 20, 2016

38. Paspalum dilatatum Poir.

(Digitaria dilatata, Panicum platense, Paspalum eriophorum, Paspalum lanatum, Paspalum moluccanum, Paspalum ovatum, Paspalum pedunculare, Paspalum platense, Paspalum selloi)

Common names: dallis grass, dallisgrass, sticky heads

Extract from Wikipedia article: Paspalum dilatatum is a species of grass known by the common name dallisgrass or sticky heads. It is native to Brazil and Argentina, but it is known throughout the world as an introduced species and at times a common weed. Its rapid growth and spreading rhizomes make it an invasive pest in some areas. It is present in the southern half of North America, southern Europe, much of Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and many tropical and subtropical areas.

LinkSpikelets of Dallis Grass (Paspalum dilatatum)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, August 21, 2015

39. Pennisetum divisum (Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel.) Henrard

(Cenchrus ramosissimus, Gymnotrix longiglumis, Panicum dichotomum, Panicum divisum, Pennisetum asperifolium, Pennisetum dichotomum, Pennisetum elatum)

Common names: haad, ithmam, thaymoun, thiemum, thumam

LinkGrass Pennisetum divisum in area between Al Khor and Ras Laffan. Qatar, November 1, 2014
LinkGrass Pennisetum divisum taken from roadside of Salwa Road in area of Khashem Al Nekhsh. Qatar, March 21, 2015
LinkGrass Pennisetum divisum(?) in a silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, area of Al Magdah farms. Northern Qatar, October 24, 2015
LinkGrass Pennisetum divisum taken from roadside near entrance of Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkCylindrical spikelet of grass Pennisetum divisum taken from roadside near entrance of Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, November 13, 2015
LinkSpike of grass Pennisetum divisum taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 12, 2016
LinkSpikes of grass Pennisetum divisum taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, January 12, 2016
LinkSpikelet of grass Pennisetum divisum in a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpikelet of grass Pennisetum divisum taken from a runnel north from Dukhan. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkGrass Pennisetum divisum on windblown sand in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkClump of grass Pennisetum divisum on sand dunes in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 1, 2016
LinkGrass Pennisetum divisum under limestone cliffs in Harrarah (Al Kharrarah). Southern Qatar, April 23, 2016

40. Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.

(Pennisetum cupreum, Pennisetum erythraeum, Pennisetum macrostachyon, Pennisetum macrostachyum, Pennisetum numidicum, Pennisetum orientale, Pennisetum parisii, Pennisetum phalaroides, Pennisetum ruppellii, Pennisetum scoparium, Pennisetum spectabile, Pennisetum tiberiadis, Phalaris setacea)

Common names: Fountain Grass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Pennisetum setaceum, commonly known as Fountain Grass, is a C4 perennial bunch grass that is native to open, scrubby habitats in East Africa, tropical Africa, Middle East and SW Asia. It has been introduced to many parts of the world as an ornamental plant. It is drought-tolerant, grows fast, reaches 3 feet in height, and has many purple, plumose flower spikes.

LinkFountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) near Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, October 20, 2014
LinkPlumose flower spikes of fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkOrnamental plant of fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, May 2, 2015
LinkFountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) planted near HBKU Research Complex in Education City. Doha, Qatar, January 20, 2016
LinkFountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) planted in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016
LinkBack lit fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) planted in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016
LinkClumps of fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) planted in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016
LinkPurple variety of fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) planted in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016
LinkPurple spike of fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) planted in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, April 28, 2016
LinkFountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) planted in a park at Al Markhiya Street near a corner with Al Istiqlal. Doha, Qatar, May 4, 2016

41. Phalaris minor Retz.

(Alopecurus otiporensis, Phalaris ambigua, Phalaris aquatica, Phalaris arundinacea, Phalaris brevis, Phalaris capensis, Phalaris decumbens, Phalaris gracilis, Phalaris haematites, Phalaris mauritii, Phalaris nepalensis)

Common names: little seed canary grass, Shaeer al far

Extract from Wikipedia article: Phalaris minor is a species of grass native to North Africa, Europe, and South Asia. The bunchgrass is widely naturalised elsewhere.

LinkSpikelets of little seed canary grass (Phalaris minor) taken from southern section of Al Eithar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 15, 2015
LinkSpikelets of little seed canary grass (Phalaris minor) on black background taken from southern section of Al Eithar Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 15, 2015
LinkFlower spikes of little seed canary grass (Phalaris minor) on Purple Island (Jazirat Bin Ghanim). Al Khor, Qatar, January 23, 2016
LinkLittle seed canary grass (Phalaris minor) in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016

42. Phalaris paradoxa L.

(Phalaris appendiculata, Phalaris dentata, Phalaris obvallata, Phalaris praemorsa, Phalaris pruinosa, Phalaris pseudoparadoxa, Phalaris rubens, Phalaris sibthorpii, Phalaris utriculosa)

Common names: Hood canarygrass, Shaeer al far, Shair al-far

Extract from Wikipedia article: Phalaris paradoxa is a species of grass in genus Phalaris. Common names include hood canarygrass.

LinkHood canarygrass (Phalaris paradoxa) on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014

43. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

(Arundo aggerum, Arundo australis, Arundo barbata, Arundo donax, Arundo egmontiana, Arundo filiformis, Arundo flexuosa, Arundo graeca, Arundo naga, Arundo nigricans, Arundo occidentalis, Arundo palustris, Arundo phragmites, Arundo pseudophragmites, Arundo pumila, Arundo pungens, Arundo rivularis, Arundo vulgaris, Calamagrostis nigricans, Cynodon phragmites, Czernya arundinacea, Donax australis, Oxyanthe phragmites, Phragmites arundinaceus, Phragmites barbatus, Phragmites berlandieri, Phragmites breviglumis, Phragmites capensis, Phragmites caudatus, Phragmites chilensis, Phragmites chrysanthus, Phragmites communis, Phragmites congestus, Phragmites dioicus, Phragmites distichus, Phragmites egmontianus, Phragmites emodii, Phragmites explanatus, Phragmites filiformis, Phragmites fissifolius, Phragmites flavescens, Phragmites flexuosus, Phragmites frutescens, Phragmites graecus, Phragmites hirsutus, Phragmites hispanicus, Phragmites humilis, Phragmites jahandiezii, Phragmites jeholensis, Phragmites longivalvis, Phragmites loscosii, Phragmites maritimus, Phragmites martinicensis, Phragmites maximus, Phragmites minor, Phragmites nagus, Phragmites nakaianus, Phragmites nigricans, Phragmites occidentalis, Phragmites phragmites, Phragmites pumilus, Phragmites pungens, Phragmites stenophyllus, Phragmites vulgaris, Phragmites willkommianus, Phragmites xenochloa, Reimaria diffusa, Remirea diffusa, Trichoon phragmites, Xenochloa arundinacea)

Common names: boos, gazab, ghab, qaSSab, reed

LinkReeds (Phragmites australis) in Abu Nakhlah ponds. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkBlooming reeds (Phragmites australis, Arundo australis, Phragmites communis, local names gazab, ghab) near Abu Nakhlah ponds. Southern Qatar, March 5, 2014
LinkReeds (Phragmites australis)(?) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, April 10, 2015
LinkStalk of reeds (Phragmites australis)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkSpikelets of reeds (Phragmites australis)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, October 9, 2015
LinkPanicle inflorescence (seed head) of common reed grass (Phragmites australis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkSoft inflorescence (seed head) of common reed grass (Phragmites australis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkBrown terminal inflorescence (seed head) of common reed grass (Phragmites australis) in dew on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkPanicle inflorescence of common reed grass (Phragmites australis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkClose up of panicle inflorescence of common reed grass (Phragmites australis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, December 18, 2015
LinkReeds (Phragmites australis) in a desert spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, January 22, 2016

44. Poa annua L.

(Aira pumila, Catabrosa pumila, Festuca tenuiculmis, Ochlopoa annua, Ochlopoa raniglumis, Poa aestivalis, Poa algida, Poa bipollicaris, Poa hansiana, Poa hohenackeri, Poa humilis, Poa meyenii, Poa ovalis, Poa puberula, Poa royleana, Poa variegata)

Common names: annual meadow grass, sameeha, zwan

Extract from Wikipedia article: Poa annua, or annual meadow grass (known in America more commonly as annual bluegrass or simply poa), is a widespread low-growing turfgrass in temperate climates. Though P. annua is commonly considered a solely annual plant due to its name, perennial bio-types do exist. 'Poa' is Greek for fodder. It is one of the sweetest grasses for green fodder, but less useful than hay. This grass may have originated as a hybrid between Poa supina and Poa infirma.

LinkAnnual meadow grass (Poa annua)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkSpike of annual meadow grass (Poa annua) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016

45. Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.

(Agrostis alopecuroides, Agrostis panicea, Agrostis tenuissima, Agrostis triaristata, Alopecurus aristatus, Alopecurus monspeliensis, Milium paniceum, Panicum aristatum, Panicum tenuissimum, Phalaris aristata, Phalaris crinita, Phalaris cristata, Phleum crinitum, Phleum monspeliense, Polypogon alopecurus, Polypogon crinitus, Polypogon flavescens, Polypogon intermedius, Polypogon maritimus, Polypogon melillensis, Polypogon nepalensis, Polypogon paniceus, Polypogon polysetus, Polypogon zeylanicus, Santia monspeliensis, Santia plumosa, Vilfa alopecuroides)

Common names: annual beard grass, annual rabbitsfoot grass, dhail al quT, Waghal

Extract from Wikipedia article: Polypogon monspeliensis, commonly known as annual beard-grass or annual rabbitsfoot grass, is a species of grass. It is native to southern Europe, but it can be found today throughout the world as an introduced species and sometimes a noxious weed. It is an annual grass growing to heights between 5 centimeters and one meter. The soft, fluffy inflorescence is a dense, greenish, plumelike panicle, sometimes divided into lobes. The spikelets have long, thin, whitish awns, which give the inflorescence its texture.

LinkAnnual rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) near Ras Laffan. Qatar, March 7, 2014
LinkRabbit-foot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) taken from area near Al Khor Hospital. Qatar, February 14, 2015
LinkRabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkBack lit rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkSpikes of rabbitsfoot (Polypogon monspeliensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkRabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis)(?) taken from eastern Al Jood Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 7, 2015
LinkClose up of rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis)(?) taken from eastern Al Jood Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 7, 2015
LinkSpikelet of rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis)(?) taken from eastern Al Jood Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 7, 2015
LinkSpike of Rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkRabbit-foot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) near a desert spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkMasses of rabbit-foot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) near a desert spring of Qulmat Al Maszhabiya in Al Mashabiya Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, March 4, 2016
LinkField of rabbit-foot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkRabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) on roadside in Al Ameria near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016

46. Rostraria pumila (Desf.) Tzvelev

(Avena pumila, Koeleria advena, Koeleria bornmuelleri, Koeleria canariensis, Koeleria pumila, Koeleria sinaica, Lophochloa cristata, Lophochloa pumila, Rostraria fuscescens, Trisetaria fuscescens, Trisetaria pumila, Trisetum balearicum, Trisetum fuscescens, Trisetum pumilum)

Common names: hair-grass, safw, sajil, zawaan

LinkRostraria pumila(?) grass in silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara in area of Thaghab Al Majda. North-western Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkGrass Rostraria pumila (Avena pumila) growing in silt in abandoned farms in Ras Laffan. Northern Qatar, February 28, 2014
LinkRostraria pumila (Avena pumila) grass near Zekreet in western Qatar, March 3, 2014
LinkMasses of grass Rostraria pumila in a dried silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, near Darwish Farm. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkSpikes of grass Rostraria pumila taken from a dried silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, near Darwish Farm. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkClose up of grass Rostraria pumila taken from a dried silty depression on roadside of a road to Zubara, near Darwish Farm. Northern Qatar, February 6, 2016
LinkGrass Rostraria pumila in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkGrass Rostraria pumila in shallow depression in area of Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkGrass Rostraria pumila (Avena pumila)(?) in sand on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 19, 2016
LinkSpikes of grass Rostraria pumila on waste ground near Jabla Bin Atiya Street in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 22, 2016
LinkDense stand of grass Rostraria pumila on waste ground near Jabla Bin Atiya Street in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 22, 2016
LinkField of grass Rostraria pumila on waste ground near Jabla Bin Atiya Street in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 22, 2016
LinkRostraria pumila (Avena pumila)(?) grass on rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 19, 2016

47. Schismus arabicus Nees

(Schismus barbatus, Schismus calycinus, Schismus spectabilis)

Common names: Festuca calycina, henaita

Extract from Wikipedia article: Schismus arabicus is a species of grass known by the common name Arabian schismus. It is native to southwestern Asia, and it is also known as an introduced species in the southwestern United States. It grows in many types of habitat, including disturbed areas. It is an annual grass with stems growing up to 16 centimeters long and lined with threadlike leaves. The short inflorescence bears spikelets under a centimeter long.

LinkSchismus arabicus grass in sand at entrance of Umm Bab in south-western Qatar, February 21, 2014
LinkColony of grass Schismus arabicus in sand on roadside of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016

48. Schismus barbatus (L.) Thell.

(Agrostis calycina, Corynephorus articulatus, Dactylis calycina, Electra brevifolia, Electra calycina, Electra nitida, Electra ovalis, Electra scaberrima, Festuca barbata, Festuca calycina, Festuca minuta, Hemisacris gonatodes, Koeleria calycina, Koeleria cantabrica, Koeleria multiculmis, Schismus arabicus, Schismus brevifolius, Schismus calycinus, Schismus fasciculatus, Schismus hirsutus, Schismus littoralis, Schismus marginatus, Schismus minutus, Schismus ovalis, Schismus perennis, Schismus scaberrimus, Schismus tenuis)

Common names: common Mediterranean grass, kelch-grass, khafur, Sumayma

Extract from Wikipedia article: Schismus barbatus is a species of grass known as common Mediterranean grass and kelch-grass. It is native to Eurasia, and it is also known as an introduced species in the southwestern United States. It grows in many habitats, including disturbed areas. It is an annual grass growing in small clumps. The stems grow up to 27 centimeters long and are lined with threadlike leaves. The short inflorescence bears spikelets under a centimeter long.

Linkcommon Mediterranean grass (Schismus barbatus) on roadside of a road from Khawzan to Al-Jumayliyah. Qatar, April 9, 2016

49. Setaria sphacelata (Schumach.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. ex Moss

(Chaetochloa aurea, Chaetochloa glauca, Panicum aureum, Panicum chrysanthum, Panicum rudimentosum, Panicum sphacelatum, Pennisetum aureum, Pennisetum rudimentosum, Setaria almaspicata, Setaria alpestris, Setaria anceps, Setaria angustifolia, Setaria aurea, Setaria bussei, Setaria cana, Setaria chrysantha, Setaria decipiens, Setaria flabellata, Setaria flabelliformis, Setaria glauca, Setaria homblei, Setaria laxispica, Setaria myosuroides, Setaria neglecta, Setaria perennis, Setaria planifolia, Setaria rudimentosa, Setaria scalaris, Setaria splendida, Setaria stenantha, Setaria stolzii, Setaria tenuispica, Setaria torta, Setaria trinervia)

Common names: African bristlegrass, South African pigeon grass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Setaria sphacelata is a tall African grass, also known as South African pigeon grass and African bristlegrass. It is native to tropical and subtropical Africa, and is extensively cultivated globally as a pasture grass and for cut fodder. This is a rhizomatous perennial grass producing flattened, hairless, blue-green stems up to 2 m tall. The inflorescence is a dense, narrow panicle of bristly, orange-tinged spikelets up to 25 cm long.

LinkSouth African pigeon grass (African bristlegrass, Setaria sphacelata) with long spikelets near irrigation pipes on Green Circles in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkAfrican bristlegrass (Setaria sphacelata) with long spikelets on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkLong spikelets of South African pigeon grass (African bristlegrass, Setaria sphacelata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkClose up of long spikelets of South African pigeon grass (African bristlegrass, Setaria sphacelata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015
LinkBlooming South African pigeon grass (African bristlegrass, Setaria sphacelata) with long spikelets on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya Farms. Qatar, January 16, 2015

50. Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv.

(Chaetochloa ambigua, Chaetochloa brevispica, Chaetochloa verticillata, Chamaeraphis italica, Chamaeraphis verticillata, Ixophorus verticillatus, Panicum adhaerens, Panicum ambiguum, Panicum aparine, Panicum asperum, Panicum decipiens, Panicum floribundum, Panicum italicum, Panicum respiciens, Panicum rottleri, Panicum rude, Panicum verticillatum, Panicum viride, Pennisetum respiciens, Pennisetum verticillatum, Setaria adhaerens, Setaria ambigua, Setaria aparine, Setaria brevispica, Setaria carnei, Setaria conglomerata, Setaria decipiens, Setaria depauperata, Setaria floribunda, Setaria gussonei, Setaria italica, Setaria leiantha, Setaria nubica, Setaria panicea, Setaria pratensis, Setaria pseudoverticillata, Setaria respiciens, Setaria rottleri, Setaria teysmannii, Setaria verticilliformis, Setaria viridis, Setariopsis verticillata)

Common names: Bristly foxtail, Dhail al qit, hooked bristlegrass, Lusaig, Shaeer al far

Extract from Wikipedia article: Setaria verticillata is a species of grass known by the common names Bristly foxtail and hooked bristlegrass. It is native to Europe, but it is known on most continents as an introduced species and often a noxious weed. It is a hardy bunchgrass which grows in many types of urban, cultivated, and disturbed habitat. It is a weed of many types of agricultural crops, growing in vineyards and fields. Herbicide-resistant strains have been noted.

LinkBristly foxtail grass (Setaria verticillata) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, October 25, 2014
LinkBristly foxtail grass (Setaria verticillata) on a field on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, May 1, 2015
LinkBristly foxtail grass (Setaria verticillata) on Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016
LinkClose up of bristly foxtail grass (Setaria verticillata) taken from Al Mawrid Street in Al Lejbailat area. Doha, Qatar, May 26, 2016

51. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

(Agrostis nigricans, Andropogon besseri, Andropogon bicolor, Andropogon compactus, Andropogon niger, Andropogon rubens, Andropogon saccharatus, Andropogon sorghum, Andropogon subglabrescens, Andropogon truchmenorum, Andropogon usorum, Andropogon vulgaris, Holcus albus, Holcus arduinii, Holcus bicolor, Holcus cafer, Holcus caffrorum, Holcus cernuus, Holcus compactus, Holcus dochna, Holcus dora, Holcus duna, Holcus durra, Holcus ferrugineus, Holcus niger, Holcus nigerrimus, Holcus nigricans, Holcus pyramidalis, Holcus rubens, Holcus saccharatus, Holcus sorghum, Milium bicolor, Milium compactum, Milium maximum, Milium nigricans, Milium sorghum, Milium sorgo, Panicum caffrorum, Panicum frumentaceum, Panicum sacchariferum, Rhaphis sorghum, Sorghum abyssinicum, Sorghum album, Sorghum ankolib, Sorghum anomalum, Sorghum arduinii, Sorghum basiplicatum, Sorghum basutorum, Sorghum caffrorum, Sorghum campanum, Sorghum caudatum, Sorghum centroplicatum, Sorghum cernuum, Sorghum chinense, Sorghum commune, Sorghum compactum, Sorghum conspicuum, Sorghum coriaceum, Sorghum dochna, Sorghum dora, Sorghum dulcicaule, Sorghum durra, Sorghum elegans, Sorghum eplicatum, Sorghum exsertum, Sorghum gambicum, Sorghum giganteum, Sorghum glycychylum, Sorghum guineense, Sorghum halepense, Sorghum japonicum, Sorghum margaritiferum, Sorghum medioplicatum, Sorghum melaleucum, Sorghum melanocarpum, Sorghum mellitum, Sorghum membranaceum, Sorghum miliiforme, Sorghum nankinense, Sorghum nervosum, Sorghum nigericum, Sorghum nigricans, Sorghum nigrum, Sorghum notabile, Sorghum pallidum, Sorghum papyrascens, Sorghum pyramidale, Sorghum rigidum, Sorghum rollii, Sorghum roxburghii, Sorghum rubens, Sorghum saccharatum, Sorghum sativum, Sorghum schimperi, Sorghum simulans, Sorghum sorghum, Sorghum splendidum, Sorghum subglabrescens, Sorghum tataricum, Sorghum technicum, Sorghum truchmenorum, Sorghum usorum, Sorghum vulgare)

Common names: Dere, great millet, Zura bayad

Extract from Wikipedia article: Sorghum bicolor, commonly called sorghum (/ˈsɔrɡəm/) and also known as durra, jowari, or milo, is a grass species cultivated for its grain, which is used for food, both for animals and humans, and for ethanol production. Sorghum originated in northern Africa, and is now cultivated widely in tropical and subtropical regions. S. bicolor is typically an annual, but some cultivars are perennial. It grows in clumps that may reach over 4 m high. The grain is small, ranging from 3 to 4 mm in diameter. Sweet sorghums are sorghum cultivars that are primarily grown for foliage, syrup production, and ethanol; they are taller than those grown for grain.

LinkSorghum bicolor found in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkLarge grains in globose spikelets of Sorghum bicolor found in area of Al Sham Street in West Bay. Doha, Qatar, August 30, 2014
LinkSorghum bicolor in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkLarge grains in globose spikelets of Sorghum bicolor in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkFlowers of Sorghum bicolor in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkSorghum bicolor taken from Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, June 2, 2016

52. Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.

(Andropogon avenaceus, Andropogon crupina, Andropogon decolorans, Andropogon dubitatus, Andropogon dubius, Andropogon halepensis, Andropogon sorghum, Blumenbachia halepensis, Holcus decolorans, Holcus exiguus, Holcus halepensis, Milium halepense, Rhaphis halepensis, Sorghum crupina, Sorghum decolor, Sorghum decolorans, Sorghum dubium, Sorghum saccharatum, Sorghum schreberi, Trachypogon avenaceus)

Common names: helaiyat, Johnson grass, safrand

Extract from Wikipedia article: Sorghum halepense, commonly called Johnson grass, is a plant in the grass family, Poaceae, native to the Mediterranean region, but growing throughout Europe and the Middle East. The plant has been introduced to all continents except Antarctica, and most larger islands and archipelagos. It reproduces by rhizomes and seeds.

LinkJohnson grass (Sorghum halepense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkSeeds of Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkClose up of seeds of Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense) taken from Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. South-western Qatar, November 15, 2014
LinkGrass spikelet of Sorghum halepense(?) taken from a place with water leakage in Al Luqta area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkJohnson grass (Sorghum halepense)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSpike of Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkClose up of Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016
LinkSpikelets of Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense)(?) on Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, February 26, 2016

53. Sorghum × drummondii (Nees ex Steud.) Millsp. & Chase

(Andropogon halepensis, Andropogon sorghum, Andropogon × drummondii, Andropogon × sudanensis, Holcus sorghum, Holcus × sudanensis, Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum halepense, Sorghum saccharatum, Sorghum vulgare, Sorghum × sudanense)

Common names: Sudangrass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Sorghum × drummondii (Sudangrass), is a hybrid-derived species of grass raised for forage and grain, native to tropical and subtropical regions of Eastern Africa. The plant is cultivated in Southern Europe, South America, Central America, North America and Southern Asia, for forage or as a cover crop.

LinkSudangrass (Sorghum sudanense, Sorghum x drummondii) taken from area at the corner of Al Ghadeeriyat and Al Ghafat streets in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkGrains of sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense, Sorghum x drummondii) taken from area at the corner of Al Ghadeeriyat and Al Ghafat streets in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkSudan grass (Sorghum sudanense, Sorghum x drummondii) taken from area at the corner of Al Ghadeeriyat and Al Ghafat streets in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkStalk of sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense, Sorghum x drummondii) taken from area at the corner of Al Ghadeeriyat and Al Ghafat streets in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016
LinkClose up of sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense, Sorghum x drummondii) taken from area at the corner of Al Ghadeeriyat and Al Ghafat streets in Umm Lekhba area. Doha, Qatar, February 3, 2016

54. Sporobolus ioclados (Nees ex Trin.) Nees

(Agrostis kentrophyllum, Sporobolus arabicus, Sporobolus genalensis, Sporobolus ghikae, Sporobolus gillii, Sporobolus inconspicuus, Sporobolus jemenicus, Sporobolus kentrophyllum, Sporobolus laetevirens, Sporobolus marginatus, Sporobolus pallidus, Sporobolus rangei, Sporobolus seineri, Sporobolus smutsii, Sporobolus usitatus, Sporobolus verdcourtii, Sporobolus vryburgensis, Vilfa arabica, Vilfa ioclados, Vilfa marginata, Vilfa pallida, Vilfa scabrifolia)

Common names: nejma, pan dropseed, rashad, sakham

LinkPan dropseed (Sporobolus ioclados)(?) south from Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, November 21, 2014
LinkInflorescence of pan dropseed (Sporobolus ioclados) east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkGreen and white panicle of pan dropseed (Sporobolus ioclados) east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkPurple inflorescence of pan dropseed (Sporobolus ioclados) east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkClose up of a purple inflorescence of pan dropseed (Sporobolus ioclados) east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkTussock of grass pan dropseed (Sporobolus ioclados) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkTussock forming grass pan dropseed (Sporobolus ioclados) east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, December 20, 2015
LinkPan dropseed grass (Sporobolus ioclados) in a roadside depression east from Al Jebail water treatment plant. Al Khor, Qatar, March 19, 2016
LinkPan dropseed grass (Sporobolus ioclados) in a park of Qatar University. Doha, Qatar, March 23, 2016
LinkPan dropseed grass (Sporobolus ioclados) on a rocky ridge in Jabal Al Jassasiya, on north-eastern coast. Qatar, March 26, 2016

55. Sporobolus spicatus (Vahl) Kunth

(Agrostis involuta, Agrostis spicata, Agrostis virginica, Crypsis myosurus, Heleochloa myosurus, Sporobolus faucicola, Vilfa involuta, Vilfa spicata)

Common names: Sukham

Extract from Wikipedia article: Sporobolus spicatus, also known as salt grass, is a halophyte.

LinkSporobolus spicatus (salt grass) with narrow cylindrical spikes near a small water channel on roadside between Al Khor and Ras Luffan. Qatar, February 6, 2015
LinkGrass Sporobolus spicatus with narrow cylindrical spikes on small water stream north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkGrass Sporobolus spicatus growing along small water stream north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkNarrow cylindrical spikes of grass Sporobolus spicatus on small water stream north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkClose up of cylindrical spikes of grass Sporobolus spicatus on small water stream north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkMasses of cylindrical spikes of grass Sporobolus spicatus on small water stream north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkNarrow cylindrical spikes of grass Sporobolus spicatus taken from roadside north from Al Khor. Qatar, March 7, 2015
LinkGrass Sporobolus spicatus growing on dried bottom of Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkCylindrical spikes of grass Sporobolus spicatus found near Al Rafiei Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 24, 2016

56. Stipa capensis Thunb.

(Stipa humilis, Stipa liwinowii, Stipa retorta, Stipa seminuda, Stipa tenacissima, Stipa tortilis)

Common names: safa, samma, spear grass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Stipa capensis (Mediterranean steppegrass or twisted-awned speargrass) is an annual grass from family Poaceae.

LinkSpear grass (Stipa capensis, local names samma, safa) in Uwaynat Bin Husayn near Simaisma. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkSpear grass (Stipa capensis, local names samma, safa) growing in a roadside depression of a road to Zubara. Qatar, February 28, 2015
LinkSpear grass (Stipa capensis) in a runnel on the periphery of Green Circles (center-pivot irrigation) in Irkhaya (Irkaya) Farms. Qatar, March 14, 2015
LinkSpear grass (Stipa capensis) in roadside depression near Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkClose up of Spear grass (Stipa capensis) taken from roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkSpike of Spear grass (Stipa capensis) taken from roadside depression of Dukhan Highway. Qatar, January 15, 2016
LinkSpear grass (Stipa capensis) in a large roadside depression near Route 77 to Ras Laffan. Qatar, February 12, 2016
LinkField of spear grass (Stipa capensis) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpear grass (Stipa capensis) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkSpikes of spear grass (Stipa capensis) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkWide angle view of a field of spear grass (Stipa capensis) in a roadside depression of Khawzan Road. Qatar, February 20, 2016
LinkField of spear grass (Stipa capensis) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkAwned spikes of spear grass (Stipa capensis) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkDense stand of spear grass (Stipa capensis) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkLarge field of spear grass (Stipa capensis) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkSpear grass (Stipa capensis) in a depression near a road to Al Numan. Northern Qatar, February 27, 2016
LinkField of spear grass (Stipa capensis) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkSpikes of spear grass (Stipa capensis) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016
LinkDry spear grass (Stipa capensis, local names samma, safa) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkMasses of dry spear grass (Stipa capensis, local names samma, safa) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkYellow spikes of dry spear grass (Stipa capensis, local names samma, safa) in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 26, 2016
LinkField of dry spear grass (Stipa capensis, local names samma, safa) with Ziziphus and Lycium bushes in Yoodah depression near Al Zubara Road. Northern Qatar, March 26, 2016

57. Stipagrostis obtusa (Delile) Nees

(Aristida bifida, Aristida capensis, Aristida obtusa, Arthratherum capense, Arthratherum obtusum, Avena capensis, Chaetaria capensis, Stipagrostis capensis, Stipa plumosa, Trisetum muricatum)

Common names: Nusi

Extract from Wikipedia article: Stipagrostis obtusa (Afrikaans: kortbeen boesmangras, Khoekhoe: ǂhabob, Hebrew: מלענן ריסני‎) is a perennial grass belonging to the grass family (Poaceae). It is a widespread species, being native to North Africa, Mauritania, Chad, Ethiopia, Southern Africa, Western Asia, the Arabian Peninsula and Pakistan.

LinkSlender grass Stipagrostis obtusa in a runnel near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkSlender grass Stipagrostis obtusa with silvery spikes in a runnel near a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, March 18, 2016
LinkGrass Stipagrostis obtusa in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkSpikelets of grass Stipagrostis obtusa in area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkPlumose spikes of grass Stipagrostis obtusa taken from area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkClose up of grass Stipagrostis obtusa taken from area of Jebel Al-Nakhsh (Khashm an Nakhsh). South-western Qatar, March 25, 2016
LinkGrass Stipagrostis obtusa in Maszhabiya (Al Mashabiya) Reserve near Abu Samra. Southern Qatar, April 8, 2016
LinkGrass Stipagrostis obtusa on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkSilvery spikes of grass Stipagrostis obtusa on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkSpikes of grass Stipagrostis obtusa(?) without plume on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkClose up of a spike of grass Stipagrostis obtusa(?) without plume on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkLight brown spikes of grass Stipagrostis obtusa(?) without plume on roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkSpikelets of grass Stipagrostis obtusa taken from roadside of a road to Sawda Natheel. Southern Qatar, April 15, 2016
LinkSilvery spikes of grass Stipagrostis obtusa taken from Lebwairda area north from Al Khor. Qatar, April 16, 2016

58. Stipagrostis plumosa Munro ex T.Anderson

(Aristida brachypoda, Aristida floccosa, Aristida lanuginosa, Aristida oranensis, Aristida plumosa, Arthratherum plumosum, Stipagrostis brachypoda, Stipagrostis fallax, Stipagrostis oranensis, Stipagrostis szovitsiana)

Common names: Nassi

LinkFeathery awns of slender grass Stipagrostis plumosa on white background taken from a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkAwns of slender tufted grass Stipagrostis plumosa taken from a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkFeathery awns of slender grass Stipagrostis plumosa taken from a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkClose up of feathery awns of grass Stipagrostis plumosa taken from a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, February 9, 2016
LinkSlender tufted grass Stipagrostis plumosa(?) on a rocky ridge of Jebel Fuwairit. Northern Qatar, March 12, 2016

59. Zea mays L.

(Mays americana, Mays vulgaris, Mays zea, Mayzea cerealis, Mayzea vestita, Thalysia mays, Zea alba, Zea altissima, Zea americana, Zea amylacea, Zea amyleosaccharata, Zea canina, Zea cryptosperma, Zea curagua, Zea erythrolepis, Zea erythrosperma, Zea everta, Zea gigantea, Zea glumacea, Zea gracillima, Zea hirta, Zea indentata, Zea indurata, Zea japonica, Zea macrosperma, Zea minima, Zea minor, Zea mucronata, Zea odontosperma, Zea oryzoides, Zea praecox, Zea rostrata, Zea saccharata, Zea segetalis, Zea tunicata, Zea vaginata, Zea vittata, Zea vulgaris)

Common names: Sweet corn

Extract from Wikipedia article: Maize (/ˈmz/ MAYZ; Zea mays subsp. mays, from Spanish: maíz after Taíno mahiz), known in some English-speaking countries as corn, is a large grain plant domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain the grain, which are seeds called kernels. Maize kernels are often used in cooking as a starch. The six major types of maize are dent, flint, pod, popcorn, flour, and sweet.

LinkSpikelet of sweet corn (Zea mays)(?) on Al Jood Street near corner with Saha 16 in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 8, 2015
LinkSweet corn (Zea mays)(?) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 12, 2015
LinkSpikelet of sweet corn (Zea mays)(?) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkSpikelet of sweet corn (Zea mays)(?) on white background taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkSpikelet of sweet corn (Zea mays)(?) on white background taken from Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, March 13, 2015
LinkFruits of sweet corn (Zea mays) on Ibn Nusaih Street in Onaiza area. Doha, Qatar, April 14, 2015

60. Zoysia tenuifolia Thiele

(Zoysia matrella)

Common names: Korean velvet grass

LinkClumps of Korean velvet grass (Zoysia tenuifolia) under trees in a park at Al Intisar Street near a corner with Onaiza. Doha, Qatar, December 3, 2015
LinkGrassy triangle with Korean velvet grass (Zoysia tenuifolia) in HBKU Research Complex in Education City. Doha, Qatar, January 19, 2016
LinkClumps of Korean velvet grass (Zoysia tenuifolia) in HBKU Research Complex in Education City. Doha, Qatar, January 19, 2016

LXXXIV. Ruppiaceae    Widgeonweeds Family 

1. Ruppia maritima L.

(Buccaferrea maritima, Ruppia andina, Ruppia brachypus, Ruppia brevipes, Ruppia cirrhosa, Ruppia curvicarpa, Ruppia intermedia, Ruppia obliqua, Ruppia pectinata, Ruppia rostellata, Ruppia salina, Ruppia spiralis, Ruppia subsessilis, Ruppia taquetii, Ruppia transsilvanica, Ruppia trichodes, Ruppia zosteroides, Zannichellia pedunculata)

Common names: beaked tasselweed, ditch-grass, ditchgrass, tassel pondweed, widgeongrass

Extract from Wikipedia article: Ruppia maritima is a species of aquatic plant known by the common names widgeongrass, ditch-grass and tassel pondweed. Despite its Latin name, it is not a marine plant; is perhaps best described as a salt-tolerant freshwater species. The generic name Ruppia was dedicated by Linnaeus to the German botanist Heinrich Bernhard Ruppius (1689-1719) and the specific name (maritima) translates to "of the sea".

LinkBeaked tasselweed (widgeongrass, Ruppia maritima) with roots extracted from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkBeaked tasselweed (widgeongrass, Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkNarrow leaves of beaked tasselweed (widgeongrass, Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkRoots of beaked tasselweed (widgeongrass, Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkClump of beaked tasselweed (widgeongrass, Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla wastewater treatment ponds. Doha, Qatar, February 27, 2015
LinkWidgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) with flowers in Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkWidgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) in Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkStand of aquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) in Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkDense stand of aquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) in Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkAquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkFruits and a flower of aquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkMembranous sheath with a flower(?) of aquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkClose up of pea shaped fruits of aquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkClose up of membranous sheath of aquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkCluster of fruits of aquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkClose up of pea shaped fruits (drupelets) of aquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015
LinkClose up of membranous sheath with coiled stalk (peduncle) bearing flowers and fruits of aquatic plant Widgeon Grass (Ruppia maritima) taken from Abu Nakhla jail ponds (sewage lagoons). Qatar, April 18, 2015

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Acknowledgements

QNHG (Qatar Natural History Group) and associated people, for a possibility to participate in their field excursions and to learn about local nature.